28

Totalitarianism – is a system of political domination that has become the basis of violence and threats.

Totemism – is one of the earliest forms of religion in primitive society. It is based on the specific properties of certain animals, plants, substances or phenomena of any group of people.

Traditionally – by faith-the traditional Kazakh religion, peace-loving spirit, soul that strives for people living in the world.

Transhumance livestock breeding – is a concept meaning the form of a livestock grazing system, classified either as a special economic-cultural type or as a farm in a livestock-breeding complex.

Tribal union – of tribal tribes is an Association of tribes with a genealogical bottom, based on potestar activity of power and the primary form of statehood.

Tribe – a form of unity of people, characteristic of the primitive structure. It was based on tribal relations, that is, its members consisted of blood, divided into childbirth and grandfathers.

Types of research – there are three types of research: theoretical, empirical and mixed. In turn, each of these species has its own species. Types of theoretical work – a historical and methodological research; types of empirical researchexperimental and experimental-practical (generalization of experience). Mixed type of research includes a variety of combinations of types of research: historical and methodological, theoretical and experimental, etc. The author should determine what kind of research he conducts, as it affects the development of the scientific apparatus of research and interpretation of the facts.

– V –

Validity of the research method – compliance of the method with the purpose of its use: to identify exactly what is necessary for the researcher. The research method is chosen in accordance with the specific research goal and objectives set before a certain stage of the work.

Verification – confirmation of a scientific theory by the whole set of empirical facts that relate to it.

– W –

Watercraft – has been used by almost all peoples since the time of the Mesolithic (around the 8th millennium BC). In each climatic zone, various devices used in water bodies of various types (in lakes, rivers, on the seacoasts) for transporting people and goods, as well as for fishing.

– Z –

Zhailau – grazing in the plain with Alpine or dry grassy pastures, grazed in the summer

Zoomorphic sample – the image of the animal scheme.

Zhuz – the Union of several regions on the basis of a Union of tribes.

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APPLICATIONS

Ethnographic source and method of direct control

Field diary

Field

notebook

Workbook

with

documentary

data

Control

Photocopy

and photo

contests

Form of field

Working

Applica-

Ethno-

An

Ethnography

with an

tion on

Movies/video

graphic

ethno-

informant

paper

movies

text

graphic

source

Working

with

Record library

documentar

y data

Figures, plans,

drawings,

copies, tables

Ethnographic

collection and

field list

The difference between of Ethnography from Ethnology

Term

Ethnography

Ethnology

What he

Origin (ethno genesis) of

Patterns of functioning, the

teaches?

peoples, ethnic communities,

relationships of ethnical systems.

composition, area of

Ethnic processes in the material

settlement, material and

and spiritual culture of ethnic

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							Term
			Ethnography					Ethnology
	spiritual culture. In addition,							groups
	he studies the features and
	psychology of behavior.
Performing	Conservation of peoples and							Increasing knowledge of the
duties:	ethnos's;							emotional state of the society by
	– description of comparisons							solving specific scientific
	of peoples;							problems that are of practical
	– analysis of the ethnic							importance
	processes;
	– is engaged in the
	maintenance of the stored
	archaic phenomena
Object	People and ethnos							eople and ethnos
Course of	Сlarification of the							Determination of the origin, main
study:	similarities and differences							features and qualities of the
	of peoples and ethnic							ethnos;
	groups;							socio-political system of peoples;
	comparative characteristics							characterization of different
	of peoples;							peoples and their behavioral
	the study and analysis of							systems;
	ethnic processes;							the psychological characteristics
	elucidation of surviving							inherent in different peoples.
	archaic phenomena
The procedure / rules for registering the collected information
________________________________						_________________________________
Name of the expedition						Year, month, day
________________________________						_________________________________
Researcher, name of settlement						Signature of the informant
Name of topic and			People, ethnic			Information about			Place of
subparagraphs			group, tribe or			the informant:			collection of
			clan			Surname, name,			materials: region,
						patronymic, age,			city, district,
						profession, marital			settlement
						status

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The procedure for registration of collected exhibits

_______________________________ _________________________________

Name of the expedition		Year, month, day
________________________________ _________________________________
Researcher, name of settlement		Signature of the informant
Locality or	Written	Information	Full name,		Place of
its common	description	about the	patronymic		collection of
name	and features	author of the	and surname		materials:
	of the exhibit	exhibit and the	of the owner		region, city,
		time of its	of the exhibit		district,
		manufacture	and his		settlement
			profession

134

	APPENDICES
APPENDIX І. Scientists
Johann Jakob Bachofen	Lewis Henry Morgan
(1815-1887)	(1818-1881)
Musa Shormanov	Herbert Spencer
(1818-1883)	(1820-1903)
Adolf Bastian	John Ferguson McLennan
(1826-1905)	(1827-1881)

135

Edward Burnett Tylor	Muhammad-Salyk Babazhanov
(1832-1917)	(1834-1871)
John Lubbock	Chokan Chingisovich Valikhanov
(1834-1913)	(1835-1865)
Ybyray Altynsarin	Friedrich Ratzel
(1841-1889)	(1844-1904)

136

Abubakir Akhmetzhanovich Divaev	Emil Durkheim
(1856-1932)	(1858-1917)
Shakarim Kudaiberdiev	Vladimir Germanovich Bogoraz
(1858-1931)	(1865-1936)
Alikhan Nurmukhameduly	Wilhelm Schmidt
Bokeikhanov (1866-1937)	(1868-1954)

137

Zhakyp Akbaev	Akhmet Baitursynov
(1876-1934)	(1873-1937)
Robert Fritz Graebner	Bronislaw Malinowski
(1877-1934)	(1884-1942)
Myrzhakyp Dulatov	Sergei Mikhailovich Shirokogorov
(1885-1935)	(1887-1939)

138

Sanzhar Seitzhapparovich	Alimkhan Abeuovich Ermekov
Asfendiyarov	(1891-1970)
(1889-1938)
Magzhan Bekenuly Zhumabayev	Nygmet Sabitovich Sabitov
(1893-1938)	(1895-1955)
Koshmuhambet Duisebayuly	Sergei Aleksandrovich Tokarev
Kemengerov (1896-1937)	(1899-1985)

139

Alkey Khakanovich Margulan	Sergey Pavlovich Tolstov
(1904-1985)	(1907-1976)
Tatiana Alexandrovna Zhdanko	Balkiz Khalelovna Karmysheva
(1909-2007)	(1916-2000)
Yulian Vladimirovich Bromley	Edige Aydarkhanovich Masanov
(1921-1990)	(1922-1965)

140