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177

INDEX

	A	D
	Abbreviation, 65	Deflection, 64
	acronyms, 66	denotation, 9, 73, 74, 75
	adjectives, 22, 28, 41, 42, 47, 48, 52, 57,	derivation, 9, 43, 60, 61, 63, 64, 67, 133,
	59, 60, 66, 88, 92, 107, 110, 111, 113,	139
	138, 139, 167, 169	Diachronic lexical strata, 129
	Adverbs, 59, 60	dictionaries, 10, 11, 13, 15, 16, 20, 69, 75,
	affixes, 40, 41, 42, 43, 63, 64, 88	78, 116, 131, 133, 156, 157, 158, 159,
	allomorphs, 39, 44	161, 164, 165, 166, 169, 170, 171
	Alphanumerics, 66
	American lexicography, 163	E
	analogy, 63, 67, 76, 97
	antonyms, 86, 87, 88, 126, 127, 156	Early Modern English, 19, 31
	antonymy, 9, 78, 157	Eponyms, 66, 68
	archaisms, 85, 129, 130, 167, 177	ethnic varieties, 140
		expanding circle, 10, 134, 137
	B
	Back-formation, 63	F
	binominals, 9, 58, 103, 126, 127	folk-etymology, 9
	borrowed words, 23, 36, 63, 64, 97, 138	French words, 26, 31, 32, 33
	borrowing, 19, 24, 27, 28, 30, 31, 32, 33,
	35, 38, 64, 83, 132	G
	borrowings, 20, 22, 25, 27, 28, 31, 34, 35,
	85, 97, 137, 139, 159	geographical varieties, 22, 134, 164
	British lexicography, 158
		grammatical words, 14, 15
		Greek words, 11, 20, 25, 31
	C

Change of accent, 65 Clipping, 61, 62 code-switching, 24, 32

collocations, 9, 10, 78, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 138, 166, 168, 170

compound, 12, 17, 37, 43, 48, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 62, 63, 70, 160, 162

compounding, 9, 19, 43, 61, 63, 133 compounds, 17, 18, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55,

56, 59, 61, 62, 63, 131, 141 connotation, 9, 26, 28, 73, 75, 77, 78, 81,

114 Contraction, 62

conversion, 9, 43, 53, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 92, 93, 116

converted, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 153, 154

H

historisms, 130 homographs, 90, 95

homonyms, 41, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94 homonymy, 9, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95 homophones, 90, 91, 95 hyponymy, 9, 89, 95

I

idioms, 9, 78, 79, 86, 103, 105, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 123, 131, 150, 170, 177

Indian loan words, 37 infixes, 40

inflections, 18, 42, 92, 138, 160, 162 Inner circle, 10

interjections, 54, 58, 60, 70

178

Italian words, 35

L

Latin words, 27, 28, 29 Lexical strata, 9, 129

lexicography, 10, 11, 15, 16, 21, 158, 162, 164, 165

lexicology, 9, 10, 11, 15, 16, 87 linguistic sign, 9, 70, 71, 72, 75

M

markedness, 9, 75, 76

meaning, 9, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 23, 28, 29, 30, 39, 40, 43, 44, 49, 55, 56, 58, 59, 60, 61, 63, 64, 66, 67, 68, 71, 73, 75, 78, 79, 80, 81, 83, 85, 86, 87, 88, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 103, 105, 109, 112, 113, 114, 116, 118, 125, 126, 127, 130, 135, 139, 142, 147, 149, 151, 156, 160, 161, 162, 165, 166, 170

meronymy, 9, 88, 89

metaphor, 9, 31, 95, 100, 101, 117, 128 metaphors, 99, 100, 101

metonymy, 9, 68, 95, 100, 101, 117 Middle English, 18, 28, 31, 35, 96, 156,

174

Modern English, 18, 19, 21, 28, 30, 63, 64, 65, 129, 157, 173, 176

morpheme, 39, 44 morphemes, 38, 39, 40, 41, 113 multi-word units, 103

N

native words, 22, 159, 160 neologisms, 9, 85, 130, 131, 132, 133 Nonce words, 69

Nouns, 41, 57, 59, 106, 113, 169

O

Ogden, 9, 71

Old English, 17, 22, 64, 92, 156, 158, 175 orthographic words, 13

outer circle, 10, 134, 136

P

phonological words, 12, 13 phrasal verbs, 103, 124, 125, 170 polysemy, 9, 56, 92, 93, 94, 95

Portuguese words, 35 prefixation, 43

prefixes, 40, 43, 44, 45, 46, 49 prepositions, 22, 45, 51, 54, 57, 58, 104,

108, 111, 153

R

Recent loans, 38 reduplicatives, 51, 54

reference, 10, 23, 71, 73, 74, 75, 81, 86, 96, 102, 129, 133, 137, 156, 157, 162, 177

Richards, 71

root, 20, 39, 40, 43, 44, 51, 61, 64, 68, 88, 90

roots, 40, 43, 46, 50, 64, 139

S

Saussure, 9, 70, 71, 175 Scandinavian words, 29 semantic change, 9, 96, 97, 98, 99 Semiotic Triangle, 9, 71

sense, 9, 19, 40, 55, 58, 73, 74, 75, 77, 79, 80, 85, 86, 88, 91, 92, 93, 98, 100, 101, 103, 110, 111, 114, 117, 125, 133, 139, 143, 161

slang, 10, 75, 82, 83, 97, 146, 147, 148, 149, 152, 162, 166, 168, 169, 177

Spanish words, 24, 35

Standard English, 10, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 176

stem, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 52, 90 suffixation, 46, 63

suffixes, 40, 43, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 139

Synchronic lexical strata, 134 synonyms, 18, 75, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83,

85, 97, 127, 156, 159, 166, 169 synonymy, 9, 75, 80, 81, 83, 85, 157, 166,

168

T

trinominals, 103, 127

V

Verbs, 41, 59, 60, 65, 111, 124, 157, 176

W

word, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 23, 24, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 38, 39,

179

40, 43, 44, 49, 50, 51, 53, 54, 56, 61,	134, 135, 136, 139, 140, 141, 148, 152,
62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 68, 70, 71, 73, 74,	153, 156, 161, 162, 165, 166, 167, 169
77, 78, 79, 82, 83, 85, 92, 93, 94, 95,	word meaning, 68, 70, 73
96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 103, 104, 105, 111,	WORD MEANING, 70
113, 114, 125, 126, 127, 130, 132, 133,	Words as vocabulary items, 13
	words from Dutch and German, 34

180