Добавил:
Upload Опубликованный материал нарушает ваши авторские права? Сообщите нам.
Вуз: Предмет: Файл:

Учебное пособие ч.2 - 2008

.pdf
Скачиваний:
35
Добавлен:
31.05.2015
Размер:
2.18 Mб
Скачать

!) SQL Drill-Through, ! #098 ! #2 #0. ! . 2 ! " -

#0/ ".

Arbor ! # Arbor Essbase Adjustment Module. = ! # ! . ! #2 #0. !

#0 ! . . ! " .- / : . 0 ! / . ( . ,

8 8 Arbor Currency Conversion Module, ! "

2 # #9 / #2 9

. # #0 # 0 ". .

Hyperion Software - ; ! #2, ! 98 - #9 #2 OLAP-#. # . ! . #

Hyperion MBA, # Multidimensional Business Analyst, .-

1 Hyperion OLAP.

Hyperion ! ! #0 "# 0 . ! # #2 .

# . . 0., # . . : . # ., ! #2 ! # : / -

. t #29 0 #0 0 : . . 8 : !, #9 98 "0 OLAP.

Hyperion ! # # OLAP-1 0.

, HyperionMBA, ! #2 OLAP #0 "-#. ( ; " " OLAP-! # 0, Hyperion !-

. 0 1 0 # . 0 ! #2-

! # : / #0 . ! #0/ -

#9 .. .. Hyperion Analytic Accounting #9

OLAP !.

Cognos ! #0 1 PowerPlay - ; #2-

OLAP- , #0 # 0 #0/ "

(Paradox, dBase, Clipper), «!#» : # ;#-

"# / (Microsoft Excel) ! #2 0 - ! Impromptu. F . ! / #2 .!,

. Transformer, ! . 8 #

# 9 . . 9 ", 0 0

PowerCube. " #0. ! #09 0 1 .-

! ! # 9 PowerCube: ! 2 ! #2- #0 ! #2 #9 ! ! ! #2, ! . 8 2

40

#0 # 0 ! # ! # 2 ! ;# !. Cognos ! # 2 # 2 !

. . #2 .: -!, PowerCube . " 2 ! . 8 #0/ " Oracle, Informix, Sybase, MS SQL Server !# : . UNIX, HP/UX, Sun Solaris, IBM AIX, -

, . PowerPlay ! " # 2 .

#2 PowerCube, . . " . B " #21 ! < ! # # 1-

0 #2 ! #: Oracle Microsoft.

Oracle ! # ! #2 .!29, -

! / . Windows.

. Microsoft OLAP " #21 ! #2 #, . -# " . OLAP "8. g-

. ! . 0 #0 0 ! / ! !- 0 ; 1 0 ! # ! / (" #21 ! # ! # ! / ! 9 0 !-

0 2 1 0 ! 8).

# . : . " Microsoft OLAP #0 # 0 #09 0 0 ,

0 / # 0. @ . ., ! #2 # Microsoft OLAP, ! #2 # 1 Oracle, . 9 ! ;:: ! #2 " "

. @ ! 0 " , " Microsoft OLAP, 2. . ! ... B ! #2, - # ! #2 #, " 98 2 " #21 . " . !-

. Microsoft OLAP, ! # , "-

"H . ! . . ! . Essbase #

Express.

0 " # . 9 ! / 9 Microsoft

! #0 ! .. !, ! .- #2 , ! #2 # OLAP " ; . ! ! 9 # . ! #2- # 1. ( " " # ! ., ,

! #2 Microsoft OLAP, . 9 . 21 -

! "# ., . ! #2 # -# " # 0. = " 0 #2, /, #

41

! #2 # Microsoft OLAP " # # 0#2 . .

" ! #2 # . OLAP.

C < ! # . # OLAP " # Intersoft Lab,

C ., BaseGroup Labs. < 1 0 Intersoft Lab:

-( 3 ! - #2 . "-

" OLAP-! #, ! #098 " ! # : ( ) #0

! #2 #0: #0, #, . # . . : # ! # 0 0 0

.: ! #0 #, .:, . . /, : #2 /,

# :, " !- 98 # / 9 . C . 0 # OLAP-#. ! # ! # " ! 0 -

OLAP-. 1 " " .!

Intersoft Lab.

-( 3 OLAPBrowser - ! / # .-

" #0 ! # 0 OLAP-# Internet, #- #2 , ! #2 . .!29 " "Internet. C . " ! ! . OLAP-# -

, ! "# (-. " Web-

# . . (-. " - ; -

(MOLAP), 9 ! . 829 ! / #2

! #2 , ! ., " # ., # 8 .

< 1 C . ! .

. = . : 9 2 - .- !# . #2 #0 .

! ! 0 0 1.

< 1 BaseGroup Labs: Cube Analyzer - . - # : . / " # OLAP. ‡ #0 0 -

29 ! Deductor. #0 " ! # Desktop OLAP.

42

4.6. 11 3 1 6 1 2 5 Data Mining

11 3 1 6 1 2 5 (407, DM - Data Mining, KDD - Knowledge Discovery in Databases) — ; !-

/ ! ! 0 0 1, !

. (1 "# : . /). = # 0 #9 9 "0: ! . .-

.; 0 # "-!!; !-

! 0 "-! #; / # 0 0 1-

" .!; ! . #. ; . !#-

0 . " "8 9 0 : . /, -

0 . " 2 0.

# DM OLTP . ! - #, ! #2 . 8 98 / -

. " " (C '), ! #-

# / 8 / : . #2. . -

. #, ! 98 . 0 . 8 !! -

. ! # . ..

. . DM ! # !- . ! / . 0 #09 0 .!# . #

! /, # ! 0 " ! . / 1. # ! (# #)

/ #9 "0:

" ! /

. 0 ! ! /:

" ! : # 0 0 ( . #, : );

" : / 9

. 0 . ! . ! . . :-

. # 0 0:

# . 0 ! !- / ! . 0 ;

" ! . / . / ! !- # 9 ! . ! / .;

43

# / 9 #2 #, ! !-

#2 ! ! . 1 /-

.;:: . # /.

4.6.1. ! 4

"8 . # ! / ## #2 # -

s :

 

 

 

! #2 0 #

 

 

# #9,

0 #

 

 

. #0

 

 

! #0

 

 

! 0

 

 

0 # 0 # 0

.

 

 

 

 

 

 

(!

 

 

. #

 

 

 

. #)

 

 

. 0

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

&. 4.7. !

## #2 . .!29 # -

. 2 0 !. #9- 0 ., . : 0 ! ; !,

! #2 0 #0 / 1 0 /. B ; . !-

0 ! ; ! ..

! " 0 # -

, ! 98 ! . "H, ! 0 ! 1# . 1 0, #2 (! ., # -

. 0 . /, ! .!.). B /, 8 ! ." / 0 !-

: #2, ! # ! #

, / 9 0 ! ; !.

! # .0 .

2 . !.. = "H0 0 0 ., 0 .

# . ! # # ! "-

# " . # ! ! 98 08 0 "

: . /, ! # 0 . #2. .1 " -

..

@ #, ! #2 . Data Mining, . #

# 2 ., ! #2-

!# !,

44

. ! , .-

, 98 . . . !, ! #2 # -

, / ! .0, #-

.!. ( . 4.8).

&. 4.8. 7 6 37 6 Data Mining

1 ! # 0 0

DM # # 2 . 8 # .-

" " . # : /

/, " # 2 . 0

#:

! #2 # !

(! ! /, . #2, -

., , / : / ! #- 0, ! . .!.);

0 # 0 . (# - # #, #0/ #

.);

. . # (# - # . #, #-#, .!-

#, : # .);

45

. . # ! .

0.

F . 2 . DM # -

2 . " # ! # #2 " 0

. #2 ! / ! #2 ! #2 0 " #21

. ! #0 : . 0 ;::-

! # 1.

C " # ! ! #0 ! -

# # . 2 Statistica, SPSS, Systat, Statgraphics, SAS, BMDP, TimeLab, DataDesk, S-Plus, Scenario (BI).

! ! # 0 0 "-

. . ., . 0 .!29

. . . ##.

4.6.2. % / 7 11 3 1 5

/ 1 6

## #2 # # ! #2 ## #2 : . /

#.

## #2 . : . / . - # 0. (") " ! . 9 : . /

#, ! . # 98

.:

# " , 98 !

#9, !!, "8, # / # ., ! 1

! # : 0 #2,

/ 1 0 ! ## # (! ., !# : . # . , ! 0 1, !, # . #, "H0, " .!.);

# . # .1# 0 " : ! # # , . / 0,

! 0 # : / /, " "8 0 ! . 0 .!.;

46

! " 2 : . 2 ! # 1 0

, , ! #, ! #

;

! " 2 "H0 0 2 1 0, . . # . . "H0;

! " 2 " 9, ! " 9 , # #2, 9.

C ! 0 . ## #2 : . /

# 0 ! 0

##.

## ( ) — ; "# 2 : ., 0 . 0 "

## #2 .!29 ., . . ., "# 98 . 0., . /

0 . # . . ., — ! . 0, ", ! " 2 2, 1 2 ! "# . . .

' . # ., # 0 "#

## ! # "

! .., 1 98 , . # 1 ! #0 0 #, ! #2 " 9 # 0

: / # ., ! " 2 " 9

! 0 0, " / ! .0 ! " # 2 .

@ # #9 9 "0

(!), ; ! . (O!), 9

(fuzzy) # (*), # . (U) . . .!. k 8 8 # 9 0

"8 ! 0 . #, . 0 «#», . . " # ! 0 #, . «.» ! / # ! # #2 , ! 1 0 ! "# . # " «!», « »

! /. B ! ., BC- "# 9 ! " 29 " 9, =C-. ! . 9 1 0

" ! # ! ; !, .

# ! 9 . ! 0 0., ! # 2

0/! "# #2 0 .

47

' . ! #0 1 0 2

# # , # " ! 1 9

. "8 ! 0 # . ., # "

" 9 #0 1 0 # 1 . " #21 . #2

. .

< . . " # ! " !

..

4.6.3. 3 / 6

B # # "# -

##, ., ! ! !

! " 2 " # . " 2 0 - ! #0 2 1 ", . # 0 9 .-.

< " 3 / 5 6 5 6 (483, Neural network) # 2 8 XX # 0, #2

90- , " # ! #

" 2, # #2 . # . 8- ., ! # # 1 !. C# « » . ! #2 0 #0

, " ! 2, 2 " . -

, #2 " # .,

9 . #.

B ! #09 " . . 9 -

, . 98 9 ! " #

. . 98 ., !- " 2 : . #2 . " 9, ! " 2 " "8- 9 # / # : / : . /, ! " 2 . 0 #2 2 !

! H0 # . 0. # . # .

., ! . , ; ! ., 0- #0 0 , ! / ! 9 0

. #, 0 . #2 ! H0- #0 . : . /. . ! ; . -

# . 1# ! 9, - 1 2 ! 0, # : /, ! # 0

48

. # ., "# # 0 #2, 2

!# # . . , #0 1 0 "-

.# " ! 0 0 " !! # : /

; !, # " ! . . /, -

. 0 #09 0 .

9 / . . . ..-

, # : / !! . /, ; - # " ! 9 1 ! . 21 . ! #09 0 #0 2 #

. #2 1 .# -

, 9 1 #2 ! " #21 . #

! . " ! 9 1 0 ! - #2 " #21 "H . . C !# "-

! ! 1 ! #2 0

! ! # 0. # #2 ! #-

# 9 . ## #2 #

" ! # ! / ..

. ! #2 2 0 -

.# # 2 ! . ! # . /-. .. #, " #21 -

0 !. .#, #

! ! # 0 (! .,

. 0 . 2 0 #0 0 # # 0

! . 0 . . #2 ! #). B ! 0 . ! ! # 0.

! #0 # # # .,

" ;:: . # ,

0 / #2 0 2, . 9 0 # . . !-

. .. ; . . " 2 ! # ., !-

. . .. G # . -

.. . 8 0- 0 2,

" . 0 / . #0/ . .- ., 0 2 ! " . 2 0

! 29 . ( . , .-

"# 9 ! # #2 . .- 0.: ! #09 / 2 #2 9 2

49