Урология - Hydronephrosis
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Hydronephrosis - diagnostics
Gathering of complaints and anamnesis
Examination and palpation of lumbal area and abdomen
Laboratory tests
Inctrumental methods (ultrasouns, X-ray, CT, retrograde ureteropyelography, ureteropyeloscopy)
Hydronephrosis - ultasonogramme
IVP
Right-sided hydronephrosis a roentgenogram is performed 60 min after the injection of contrasting fluid
IVP
Left-sided hydronephrosis at 6 month old child. Roentgenogram 90 minutes after the injection of contrasting fluid.
Retrograde ureteropyelography. Left-sided hydronephrosis.
Constriction of pelvico-ureteral junction
CT with contrasting. Hydronephrosis.
Treatment
Aims to relieve the cause of obstruction
Conservative treatment plays additional role and aims to stop inflammatory process
Surgical treatment
Indications – often exacerbations of chronic pyelonephritis, severe dilation of pelvis and calyces, formation of “secondary” stones, chronic renal failure
Nephrectomy
Percutaneous nephrostomy
Reconstrucive operations
Different types of ureteropyeloanastomosis.
Endourological operations
Laparoscopis operations
Hydrocele
accumulation of fluid in any sac-like cavity or duct - specifically in the tunica vaginalis testis or along the spermatic cord.