Перевод информационно-экспрессивных текстов (110

information can be used by scientists to conduct studies, by policymakers to make science-related decisions, and by educators to teach students about the environment.

2.Doctor Aleida Guevara was recently in London, invited by the Cuban Solidarity Campaign to speak at the European Social Forum. In Cuba, she works as a doctor, specialising in allergies. She is firmly Cuban in every respect, except for the fact that she can’t stand coffee.

3.Xerox Corporation funded the initial research on personal computers in their Palo Alto laboratory in California. However, the company failed to capitalize on this work, and the ideas that they put together went into the operating system developed for Apple’s computers.

4.On the environment, IFG argues that conservation is the key to sustainable development, and that capitalist-oriented globalisation is resulting in its destruction. IFG opposes the emergence of a strong private sector as it undermines the role of government in the protection of human rights, and believes intellectual property rights, and TRIPs, should be reversed to reflect local and domestic interests rather than the interests of transnational corporations. (The International Forum on Globalization).

5.Medecins Sans Frontieres advances the importance of human rights and public health above international trade, intellectual property rights and commercial interests. This is clearly indicated through its ‘Access to Essential Medicines’ campaign. MSF claims that the poor’s access to medicine is restricted by market-driven prices, and that this is often the result of intellectual property rights protection that favours rich countries.

6.An analysis of the typical shopping basket at eight supermarkets by the British Market Research Bureau found that Sainsbury’s had the highest proportion of packaging that could easily be recycled (66 per cent) while Lidl had the lowest (58 per cent). Waitrose had the heaviest packaging (803g) and Tesco the lightest (646g).

7.The telescope is being run by scientists at the new Space Telescope Science Institute, housed at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Md. The data will be collected by some 380 institute researchers and computer technicians and will be

used by scientists all over the world. Over the Hubble's expected 15-year life11

span, teams of astronauts will shuttle to and from the telescope to service and upgrade it.

Задание 12. Проведите сопоставительный анализ исходного и переводного текстов и отредактируйте текст перевода.

Japan: you can go home again		Япония: вы снова можете
Seven hundred miles north of		вернуться домой
smog-choked Tokyo, an emerald green	В семистах милях (1126 км) к
island rises from the sea. At this time of	северу от покрытого смогом Токио в
the year, the air is fresh with the scent	море	открывается			изумрудно-
of honeysuckle and pine. The waters	зеленый остров. В это время года
that wash the island's volcanic benches	воздух		чистый,			свежий,
are unpolluted, and the deep pools that	наполненный ароматом жимолости и
form among the rocks offshore are rich	сосны.		Воды,		омывающие
in abalone.	вулканические			уступы		острова
The Japanese families who live	незагрязнены, а глубокие бассейны
	среди скал в открытом море богаты
in small fishing villages nestled at the	наличием морских ушек.
foot of the island's craggy basalt cliffs
make a good living from the sea. Most	Японские			семьи,		которые
own comfortable homes, and many	живут	в	маленьких		рыбацких
even have color television sets. But for	поселках,		расположенных				у
all its beauty and economic vigor, a	основания		скалистых		базальтовых
dark cloud hangs over the isle today.	утесов острова, зарабатывают на
For like many of Japan's rural areas, the	жизнь морем. Большинство из них
island of Rebun seems to be dying.	имеют				собственные
The last ten years of economic	благоустроенные дома. А у многих
	есть даже цветные телевизоры.
boom have produced a severe labour	Однако из-за его красоты и
shortage in Japan, leading millions of	экономического			напора,			над
young people to forsake the villages of

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their ancestors and flock to the bright

островом

нависло

черное

облако

lights and fat salaries of the big cities.

дыма. Аналогично многим японским

More than 500 Japanese villages have

отдаленным

территориям,

остров

dropped off the map completely. Others

Ребун, кажется, находится на грани

have lost almost all their young people.

уничтожения.

More than

10,000 persons lived

on

Последние

10

лет

Rebun in 1956; about 6,000 remain

экономического подъема привели к

today. This year, 148 of the island's 166

15-year-olds moved away.

серьезному дефициту рабочей силы

в Японии, заставив тем самым

Rebun has now launched a

миллионы молодых людей покидать

vigorous new program to stem the tide.

поселки своих предков и стекаться в

The island is investing $380,000 in a

большие

города

с

освещенными

new sports center to help young people

улицами и высокими окладами.

while away the long harsh winters. And

Более пятисот японских

поселков

Mayor Kanzaburo Mukose is talking of

исчезли с лица земли навсегда.

opening up the island's lush interior to

Другие

поселки

остались

beef-and dairy-cattle ranching. What

практически без молодых людей. В

the leaders of Rebun really want,

1956г. На острове Ребун жили 10

though, is for more of the island's

тыс. человек; сегодня осталось 6 тыс.

young men to recognize the traditional

человек. В этом году 148 из 166

values of the fishing life. As an

пятнадцатилетних

жителей

острова

incentive, the local government this

покинули его.

year is giving a free fishing boat to any

На

данный

момент

boy who opts for the sea. So far there

руководство

острова

Ребун

начало

have been fourteen takers. One who

decided to remain on Rebun is Shinichi

новую стремительную программу по

Sasaki, 15. "We have been here for

приостановлению

такой

массовой

three generations," his father, also a

миграции. Они вкладывают 380 тыс.

fisherman,

proudly

told

our

долларов в новый спортивный центр

correspondent.

для того,

чтобы

помочь

молодым

людям, пока не наступили длинные

In addition to tempting teenagers

суровые

зимы.

А

мэр

Канзабуро

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like Shinichi to stay, Rebun is trying to				Мукосее		предлагает			посадить
persuade those who have left to come				растительность			для		разведения
back.				крупного		рогатого		и	молочного
This year, teams of fishermen				скота. Однако чего на самм деле
				хотят руководители острова Ребун,
visited Tokyo, Osaka and Sapporo to				так это того, чтобы молодые люди
seek out the island's youngsters. 'First				осознали		традиционные			ценности
of all,' said the Mayor, 'we wanted to				жизни в рыбацких поселках. В
make sure they were leading good				качестве		стимула				местное
clean lives. Cities tend to corrupt				правительство в этом году бесплатно
simple island people. And then we				предоставляет			рыболовное			судно
began asking them to come home.' The				любому юноше, выбравшему жизнь
teams persuaded a dozen to return.				у моря. Таких молодых людей на
Other small Japanese towns report up				данный		момент			оказалось
to 40 per cent of their high-school				четырнадцать. Один из них – 15-ти
graduates	returning	disillusioned after		летний Шиничи Сасаки. «Мы живем
two or three years of employment in				здесь	вот	уже	три	поколения», - с
urban industry.				гордостью		рассказывает				нашему
But	Rebun	has	another,	корреспонденту его отец, тоже
potentially	even	more	important	рыбак.
weapon in the battle for survival. This					Помимо		попыток			убедить
summer hundreds of teenagers from
				юношей,		таких		как	Шиничи
Japan's cities have flocked to the island.				остаться,		правительство			старается
They have come clutching their guitars				уговорить вернуться назад тех, кто
and wearing their backpacks, lured by				уже покинул остров.
the outdoor life and the people's gentle
ways. Most have left, but some 30					В этом году группы рыбаков
youngsters have preferred to stay. A				приезжали в Токио, Осака и
few have even shown an interest in				Саппоро, чтобы разыскать юношей
learning the fishing trade and staying				острова. «Во-первых, - сказал мэр, -
on.				мы хотели убедиться в том, что они
				ведут	достойный			образ		жизни.

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	For the fishermen of Rebun, the	Города портят простых людей с
	notion that young outsiders may choose	острова. И тогда мы просим их
	to adopt their way of life is both	вернуться домой». В других мелких
	fascinating and perplexing. 'After all,'	городах	Японии		около		40%
	said Mukose, 'isn't it rather strange that	выпускников		средней			школы
	we have to fight to keep our youngsters	возвращаются разочарованные после
	here while more and more kids from	2-3-х летней работы в городской
	the city come here every year?' But for	промышленности.
	the first time, an increasing number of	Однако,		у острова Ребун есть
	young Japanese are rebelling against
		другое, потенциально даже более
	their materialistic, career-oriented
	society and like their brethren in	важное оружие в борьбе за
	Europe and US, looking for alternative	выживание. Этим летом сотни
	life-styles.	юношей	из	японских		городов
		стеклись	на		остров.		Они,
		соблазненные жизнью на открытом
		воздухе и великодушием людей,
		приехали на остров с гитарами в
		руках и рюкзаками за спинами.
		Большинство вновь уехали, но 30
		юношей	предпочли			остаться.
		Некоторые даже проявили интерес к
		обучению рыболовному промыслу и
		продолжают здесь жить.
		Для	рыбаков		острова		Ребун
		мысль о том, что молодежь может
		выбрать	их		образ		жизни,
		одновременно		захватывает				и
		озадачивает. «В конце концов, -
		сказал Мукосее, -			не кажется			ли

странным, что мы должны бороться за то, чтобы удержать сою молодежь

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здесь, тогда как с каждым годом все больнее городских детей приезжают сюда?»Однако, это впервые, когда столь большое количество молодых японцев выступают против своего меркантильного, кадрового общества, и, подобно своим собратьям из Европы и США, ищут другой образ жизни.

Задание 13. Проанализируйте следующие переводческие решения с учетом характера и функций используемых в оригинале прецедентных феноменов.

1. И.Я.: As a rationale for genocide it was dizzying, but at the same time wholly in character for the quixotic Karadzic, who seemed to have been forged by the vicissitudes of his past to become the principal architect of an attempt to re-engineer Bosnian history. (Times)

П.Я. Подобное обоснование геноцида выглядело странно, однако оно абсолютно соответствовало донкихотовскому характеру Караджича, превратности прошлого которого, казалось, специально подготовили его для роли архитектора, пытающегося переделать историю Боснии.

2.И.Я. The British know that villainy is where the artistic gold lies. (NY Times)

П.Я. Британцы знают: злодейство – это золотая жила в искусстве.

3.И.Я. The last supper: mystery of the Swiss motorbike courier (Times)

П.Я. Последний ужин – загадка швейцарского мотоциклистапутешественника.

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4.И.Я. Mr Henry's gastronomic marathon, has issued a personal appeal for information on his whereabouts. "He couldn't just have vanished into thin air leaving his notebook," said M. Bocuse. (Observer)

П.Я. Гастрономический марафон мистера Генри вызвал у повара личный интерес к его местонахождению. «Он не мог просто провалиться сквозь землю, оставив только записную книжку», – говорит Бокуз.

5.И.Я. Lost in translation: Mary Rose's demise blamed on multilingual crew. (Observer)

П.Я. Трудности перевода: Крушение «Мэри Роуз» произошло из-за непонимания в команде.

6.И.Я. Last September, America's great aviation daredevil took off on a routine solo flight, and was never seen again. (Independent)

П.Я. В прошлом сентябре, великий американский авиатор, сорвиголова, отправился в свой обычный одиночный полет, и больше его никто не видел.

7.И.Я.: When we try to impose democracy, we tarnish it. When we live up to our own best traditions, we can stimulate emulation and create the soft power of attraction. This approach is like “shining city upon the hill.” (Times)

П.Я.: Пытаясь навязать демократию, мы порочим саму идею демократии. Следуя собственным лучшим традициям, мы можем подать пример для подражания и создать мягкую силу привлекательности. Подобный подход – это что-то вроде «сияющего города на холме».

8.И.Я.: Big Brother is watching ... us. Eyeball scanners, gadgets that sniff bombs – airports get serious about security. (NY Times)

П.Я.: Большой брат следит за нами. Сканеры сетчатки глаз, всевозможные устройства для обнаружения бомб – аэропорты все больше заботятся о безопасности.

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Задание 14. Определите тип и функции прецедентных феноменов в следующих текстовых фрагментах. Продумайте и обоснуйте возможные в этих случаях переводческие стратегии.

1.First we had to endure Lembit Opik, MP, playing his mouth organ to a song called By-Election in the Town. This included such lines as "Labor voters falling down, falling down" and "Delivering our Focus leaflets all around, all around" (Times).

2.In the teeth of recession and suspicion from the Socialists, who run the city and region, Mr Sarkozy is to lay out a vision for creating a green Greater Paris, linking the ancient city with its dense suburban sprawl. This, he hopes, could earn him a legacy as one of the capital’s builder kings like Napoleon III. (Independent).

3.An open-and-shut inquest has been conducted like an Agatha Christie whodunit with a dozen suspects in the court-room. (Times).

4.When a couple have many rough patches like Pete Doherty and Kate Moss, it can be hard to find new ways of resurrecting it. (Independent)

5.It seems that most of the people who are toughest on immigrants are those whose last names are as alien as mine. No matter where I came from, I am solidly on American soil now. In appreciation, I am committed to making the same sacrifices to protect America's values as the descendants of those brought over by the Mayflower (Daily News).

6.Oddly enough, although Dan is from a decent family and was educated at a posh school in St Albans, for some reason he has adopted an 'alright mate' semicockney accent of the Dick Van Dyke variety used in Mary Poppins. (Times)

7.It goes without saying that any violence directed against an individual for his or her ethnicity or beliefs is tragic, especially when perpetrated by those who claim to follow a man who forgave his own executioners from the cross (NYT).

8."We Brazilians think that we are a country of promise, but that the time of promise is always passing, " says Lourival Sant'Anna, a respected journalist. "My parents were part of a generation in the 1950s who felt that they were building the country. But they became completely disillusioned by the military, high inflation and the lost decade" (Independent).

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9."It looks to some people now as if the emperor has no clothes," said Sung Won Sohn, chief economist at Wells Fargo, referring to Mr. Greenspan. "The Fed doesn't have much ammunition left, and if they use it, the markets will fast demand more." (NYT).

10.Could a team on the endangered species list less than two years ago really win the World Series? As for the Tigers, if they cannot make any good luck this weekend, perhaps they can take heart from the tagline for "Chicago": If vou can't be famous, be infamous (Times).

Задание 15. Выполните предпереводческий анализ и полный письменный перевод следующего текста.

Turning our backs on immigrants

My mother had pale green eyes. In her youth, she also had a slight figure, beautiful dark hair pulled back in a modest bun and few expectations for her life.

Like most Irish Catholic women, she rarely talked of herself and so I know very little of her history behind the cold, angry glances she often gave. The one thing I do remember her telling me, however, still chills.

I do not recall the context, perhaps, it was during a summer when I was looking for my first paying job as a teenager. The years between her experience and its telling to her fourth child had not taken the bite away from her anger. When she came of age in Columbus, Ohio, during the Great Depression, she said, employers had signs on their doors: HELP WANTED, NO IRISH NEED APPLY.

There is no telling how the anti-Irish bigotry influenced her life and, by implication, mine. Her first-generation father had abandoned the family. My first generation grandmother left my mother and her two brothers to care for themselves while she worked in a factory. It was not until after my mother died that I learned my grandfather's name and the fact that he was an alcoholic.

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Bad genes, bad character, bad breaks or bigotry? Who knows. But it is clear to me that such ethnic antagonism creates a heritage of self-loathing that I see in the eyes of my daughters. And job discrimination too often leaves proud men with nothing to offer their families other than their absence.

Now, the hatred and xenophobia that inspired those signs are guiding the creation of public policy on the highest levels. The current Republican Congress has written, and the Democratic president has signed, punitive legislation that institutionalizes anti-immigrant beliefs and punishes the spouses and children of runaway parents.

The reconstruction of federal assistance to the poor - it is not reform - has many flaws. But perhaps the most morally repugnant are those that eliminate all forms of assistance to legal immigrants, even though they have paid taxes.

These are the four major provisions affecting legal immigrants.

Effective immediately, they are no longer eligible for Supplemental Security Income (federal assistance to the elderly and the handicapped). Those who are currently receiving it will be weeded off the rolls throughout the coming year.

They also will be ineligible for food stamps.

In addition, they may also be denied – a state's option – federal cash assistance to single-parent families, as well as Medicaid and social services.

(Those who lived in the United States for at least10 years are exempted from these three provisions as are refugees, veterans and those granted political asylum.)

Lastly, their sponsor will be considered financially responsible for them, not for up to five years as it is now but until the immigrant becomes a citizen.

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