3728
.pdfIssue № 4 (40), 2018 |
ISSN 2542-0526 |
pressure system [19, 20]. New gas-regulating stations and cabinet-type regulating stations should be in place as well as telemechanization and automization of technological processes associated with gas supply. The equipment of gas-regulating stations should be examined in a timely manner with an emphasis on combined pressure regulators.
New construction areas as proposed by the general plan of the city of Voronezh are supplied with gas from the existing gas-regulating stations (Fig.).
VORONEZH
General plan of the city of Voronezh
Gas supply scheme |
Moscow |
M 1 : 25000 |
Chistoye
Chistoye
GRS
Krasnolesniy
Vodokachka
Zemlyansk
Semiluki GRS
Kursk
TES
Ostrogozhsk
Fig. Gas supply scheme of the city of Voronezh with the marked construction areas up to 2020: I—V are predicted construction areas
31
Russian Journal of Building Construction and Architecture
According to the above scheme and principles of energy equivalence [1, 4], a model of an excited condition of a gas supply system [6, 13] was designed in five possible construction areas. As a result of the calculations, the hypothesis was proved of a sufficient capacity of the five gasregulating stations for a predicted construction site. Each area was considered individually and joined to the nearest GRS. The studies showed that there is no need to build an extra GRS.
According to the general plan, the total gas consumption in the areas is currently 199458 nm3/h.
The general plan of the municipal design of the city area and planning restrictions of the urban resources up to 2020 proposes 5 major areas of residential construction (see Fig.):
––central area (construction with random high-rises and reconstruction) with the total area of 3000 thousand m2;
––area around the Voronezh State Technical University. The northern construction site and new construction (industrial park) with the total area of 1720 thousand m2;
––the estuary of the River Done is the western area of residential construction on a flush with the total area of 3630 thousand m2;
––Shilovo is the second South-West area (of priority construction) with the total area of 2250 thousand m2;
––Otradnoe district is the eastern area (left bank) with the total area of 2625 thousand m2.
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Таble 4 |
|
Construction prospects, thousand m2, up to 2020 in the city’s districts |
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|||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year |
Zhelezhnodorozhniy |
Levoberezhniy |
Central |
Leninskiy |
Sovetskiy |
Kominternovskiy |
Total |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2010 |
85 |
37.68 |
67.5 |
49.67 |
122.92 |
237.23 |
600 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2011 |
120.81 |
254.12 |
89.2 |
67.54 |
146.16 |
92.17 |
770 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2012 |
120.81 |
254.12 |
89.2 |
67.54 |
146.16 |
146.16 |
770 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2013 |
120.81 |
254.12 |
89.2 |
67.54 |
146.16 |
146.16 |
770 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2014 |
120.81 |
254.12 |
89.2 |
67.54 |
146.16 |
146.16 |
770 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015 |
120.81 |
254.12 |
89.2 |
67.54 |
146.16 |
146.16 |
770 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2016 |
120.81 |
254.12 |
89.2 |
67.54 |
146.16 |
146.16 |
770 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2017 |
120.81 |
254.12 |
89.2 |
67.54 |
146.16 |
146.16 |
770 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2018 |
120.81 |
254.12 |
89.2 |
67.54 |
146.16 |
146.16 |
770 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2019 |
120.81 |
254.12 |
89.2 |
67.54 |
146.16 |
146.16 |
770 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020 |
120.81 |
254.12 |
89.2 |
67.54 |
146.16 |
146.16 |
770 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
1293.1 |
2578.88 |
959.5 |
725.07 |
1584.52 |
1158.93 |
8300 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
32
Issue № 4 (40), 2018 |
ISSN 2542-0526 |
There is no gas supply deficit in Voronezh. Despite the fact that an new construction is set to take place, the maximum total capacity of the GRA is sufficient for it to supply gas considering resources for further development. District division of the construction area up to 2020 is presented in Table 4. There are arrangements being made as to how likely the construction is to occur till 2035.
Gas is supplied to a cottage and 3—7-storey construction. Taking everything into account, a system of program measures is set forth.
In order to optimize the gas supply in the city of Voronezh and make the gas regulation more intense, a series of reconstruction and modernization efforts has to be made including stage- by-stage development.
According to the findings of the processing statistical data on the gas supply systems of the city in 2010, 2015 and 2017, a series of measures to improve the reliability of the gas supply of the city of Voronezh has to be taken up until 2035 (Table 5).
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Таble 5 |
|
Measures for improving the reliability of the gas supply system of the city |
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of Voronezh up until 2035 |
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||
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|
Approximate |
|
№ |
Object |
Materials |
Measure- |
|
Amount |
estimatecost, |
Cause |
and equipment |
ment units |
|
thousand |
||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
roubles |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
End of the construction |
|
|
|
|
|
Reliable |
|
of ahigh-pressured(1,2МPа) |
Pipe |
|
|
|
|
gas supply and |
1 |
gas pipeline 325 mm long |
km |
|
1.9 |
9600 |
cross-feeding |
|
D325 mm |
|
||||||
|
from the GRS-5 (Somovo) |
|
|
|
|
of the GRS-2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
to the Repnoe guesthouse |
|
|
|
|
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and GRS-5 |
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Start of the operation of a |
|
|
|
|
|
Reliable gas |
|
high-pressure(1.2 МPа)gas |
Pipe |
|
|
|
|
supply and |
2 |
pipeline(insertedintotheexi- |
|
|
|
140 |
cross-feeding |
|
D325 mm |
|
|
|
||||
|
stinggaspipelineaftercros- |
|
|
|
|
|
of the GRS-2 |
|
sing the Tambov highway) |
|
|
|
|
|
and GRS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Construction of a high- |
Труба |
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
pressure (1.2 MPa) gas |
D108 mm |
km |
|
0.5 |
1330 |
|
|
pipeline d159 mm Tenistiy |
D159 mm, CRS |
|
|
|
|
Reliable |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
gas supply |
|
Construction of a high- |
Pipe |
|
|
|
|
|
4 |
pressure (1.2 МPа) |
km |
|
6 |
44860 |
|
|
D159 mm, GRS |
|
|
|||||
|
in Ostrogozhskaya Street |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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33
Russian Journal of Building Construction and Architecture
|
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Table 5 continued |
|
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|
|
|
Approximate |
|
|
№ |
Object |
Materials |
Measure- |
Amount |
estimatecost, |
Cause |
|
and equipment |
ment units |
thousand |
|||||
|
|
|
|
|
roubles |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Construction of a high-pres- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
5 |
sure (1.2 MPa) gas pipeline |
Pipe |
km |
4 |
20300 |
|
|
|
along Ostuzheva Street to |
D300 mm |
|
|
|
|
|
|
the GRS in Minskaya Street |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reconstructionofahigh- |
Pipe |
|
|
|
|
|
6 |
pressure(0.6 MPa)gaspipe- |
D500 mm, |
km |
10 |
142000 |
Increasing |
|
line from the GRS-4 (Yam- |
Valve |
the productivity |
|||||
|
noe) to Kholzunov Street |
D500 — 1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7 |
Reconstruction of the head |
GRS |
units |
1 |
15000 |
Technical |
|
GRS№2,3,GazovayaStreet |
reequipment |
||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reconstruction of a high- |
|
|
|
|
Optimization |
|
|
pressure (0.6 МPа) gas |
Pipe |
|
|
|
||
8 |
km |
0.5 |
12000 |
of the project |
|||
pipeline along Krasnodon- |
D700 mm |
||||||
|
skaya Street |
|
|
|
|
specifications |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reconstruction of a high- |
Pipe |
|
|
|
Increasing |
|
9 |
pressure (0.6 МPа) gas pi- |
km |
2.0 |
27500 |
|||
D426 mm |
the productivity |
||||||
|
peline in Lomonosov Street |
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reconstruction of a high- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
10 |
pressure ( 0.6 МPа) gas |
Pipe |
km |
5.0 |
92000 |
Flooding rescue, |
|
pipeline in Novikov Street |
D600 мм |
life cycle is over |
|||||
|
to Prokhladniy Lane |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reconstructionofamedium- |
Pipe |
|
|
|
|
|
|
pressure (0.3 МPа) gas pipe- |
|
73 |
|
End of a diving |
||
11 |
D426 mm, |
km |
65000 |
||||
lineinKommunarovStreet |
440 |
examination |
|||||
|
usingpolymermaterials |
377 mm |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Transpositionofalow- |
Pipe |
|
0.2 |
|
Increase the |
|
12 |
pressuregaspipelineinBru- |
D273 mm, |
km |
2000 |
pressure up to |
||
0.2 |
|||||||
|
silov-Volgogradskayastreets |
219 mm |
|
|
the nominal one |
||
|
|
|
|
||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cross-feeding of a high- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
pressure (0.6 МPа) gas pi- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
peline, D325mm, Podgor- |
Valve |
|
|
|
Reliable |
|
13 |
noe, with a high-pressure |
units |
2 |
205 |
|||
D325 mm |
gas supply |
||||||
|
(0.6 МPа) gas pipeline, |
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
D530mm (GRS-4, Yamnoe |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
— VKBR) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
34
Issue № 4 (40), 2018 |
ISSN 2542-0526 |
|
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|
|
Table 5 continued |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Approximate |
|
|
№ |
Object |
Materials |
Measure- |
Amount |
estimatecost, |
Cause |
|
and equipment |
ment units |
thousand |
|||||
|
|
|
|
|
roubles |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cross-feeding of a low-pres- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
sure gas pipeline D-89 mm |
Pipe |
|
|
|
Reliable gas |
|
14 |
inNovikovStreetwithalow- |
D108 mm |
km |
0.2 |
500 |
||
supply. Increase |
|||||||
|
pressure gas pipeline |
CRS — 1 |
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
the pressure up |
|||
|
D108mminSavrasovStreet |
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
to the nominal |
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
Cross-feeding of a low- |
|
|
|
|
||
|
Pipe |
|
|
|
one |
||
15 |
pressure gas pipeline along |
km |
0.3 |
450 |
|||
D108 mm |
|
||||||
|
Serafimovich Street |
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
16 |
Reconstruction of the GRS |
GRS |
units |
25 |
50000 |
Providing non- |
|
(2015—2030) |
stop and emer- |
||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
gency-free gas |
|
|
Reconstruction of the CRS |
|
|
|
|
||
17 |
CRS |
units |
50 |
11000 |
supply of the |
||
|
(2010—2015) |
|
|
|
|
city’s users |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
18 |
Low-pressure gas pipeline, |
Pipe |
running |
200 |
600 |
|
|
Brusilov Street |
D219 mm |
meter |
Providing |
||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
reliability |
|
19 |
Low-pressure gas pipeline, |
Pipe |
running |
200 |
600 |
||
|
Volgogradskaya Street |
D273 mm |
meter |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
In the existing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
GRSs according |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
to the require- |
|
20 |
Telemetry of the GRS |
|
units |
100 |
16000 |
ments of The |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Construction |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
StandardsandRe- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
gulations(СНиП) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
42-01-2002 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reconstruction of the GRS: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Yeremeev Street; 11, 39, 44 |
|
|
|
|
Providing non- |
|
|
Voroshilov; 134 Dimitrov; |
|
|
|
|
stop and emer- |
|
21 |
171 Kraznoznamennaya; |
GRS |
units |
10 |
18000 |
gency-free gas |
|
|
124 Devyatoe January; |
|
|
|
|
supply of the |
|
|
107,24,179LeninskiyAve- |
|
|
|
|
city’s users |
|
|
nue; 3 Chaikovskiy |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Construction Wave |
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Maintenance of the gas pi- |
|
|
|
|
For timely detec- |
|
22 |
pelines of over 39 years old |
|
km |
43.78 |
1080 |
tion of defects |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
and damage |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
23 |
Replacement of the gas pi- |
–– |
km |
452 |
450000 |
Prevention |
|
|
pelines of over 50 years old |
|
|
|
|
of emergencies |
35
Russian Journal of Building Construction and Architecture
|
|
|
|
|
|
End of Table 5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Approximate |
|
№ |
Object |
Materials |
Measure- |
Amount |
estimatecost, |
Cause |
|
|
and equipment |
ment units |
|
thousand |
|
|
|
|
|
|
roubles |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Replacement of the GRSs |
|
|
|
|
For defect-free |
24 |
that are over 30 years old |
–– |
units |
117 |
9300000 |
performance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
of networks |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
25 |
A low-pressure gas pipeline |
Pipes with pro- |
km |
216 |
324000 |
|
in Ostrogozhskaya Street |
ject diameters |
|
||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A low-pressure gas pipeline |
|
|
|
|
|
26 |
in Antonov-Ovseenko Street |
Pipes with pro- |
km |
100 |
150000 |
|
|
considering the intrahouse |
ject diameters |
|
|
|
|
|
systems and equipment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A mediumand low-pressu- |
|
|
|
|
|
27 |
regaspipelineintheZhelez- |
Pipes with pro- |
km |
77 |
11660000 |
|
nodorozhniy district consid- |
ject diameters |
|
||||
|
ering the intrahouse systems |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A mediumand low-pres- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
sure gas pipeline in the Le- |
Pipes with pro- |
|
|
|
|
28 |
voberezhniy district consid- |
km |
1271 |
11442000 |
|
|
|
ering the intrahouse systems |
ject diameters |
|
|
|
|
|
and equipment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A mediumand low-pressu- |
|
|
|
|
New |
|
regaspipelineintheCentral |
Pipes with pro- |
|
|
|
|
29 |
km |
313 |
2820000 |
construction |
||
|
districtconsideringtheintra- |
ject diameters |
|
|
|
|
|
housesystemsandequipment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A mediumand low-pres- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
sure gas pipeline in the Le- |
Pipes with pro- |
|
|
|
|
30 |
ninskiy district considering |
km |
50 |
450000 |
|
|
|
the intrahouse systems and |
ject diameters |
|
|
|
|
|
equipment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A mediumand low-pressu- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
re gas pipeline in the Sovet- |
Pipes with pro- |
|
|
|
|
31 |
skiy district considering the |
km |
550 |
4950000 |
|
|
|
intrahouse systems and |
ject diameters |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
equipment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A mediumand low-pressu- |
Pipes with pro- |
|
|
|
|
32 |
re gas pipeline considering |
ject diameters |
km |
142 |
1278000 |
|
|
the intrahouse systems and |
|
|
|
|
|
|
equipment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
TOTAL |
|
|
|
32012165 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
36
Issue № 4 (40), 2018 |
ISSN 2542-0526 |
Conclusions
1.Therefore the paper looked at the current state of the gas supply system in Voronezh in detail. The authors have come up with a series of comprehensive measures for implanting “The Strategies of Social and Economiс Development of the Voronezh Region Up To 2035”. The above measurements generated by a new construction [10, 11], increased reliability of the gas pipelines, requirements for emergency-free [15] and continuous operation of the areas of the gas network are the outcomes of the collection of the statistical data on the gas supply in the city of Voronezh from 2011 to 2017.
2.All of the suggested measures have been agreed on and taken on board by Ltd. “Gazprom Gas Distribution Voronezh”. The proposed series of measures is essential for implementing the program by the Department of Economic Development of the Voronezh region “Strategies of Social and Economic Development of the Voronezh Region Up to 2035”.
References
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Russian Journal of Building Construction and Architecture
UDC662.99 : 004.42
N. A. Petrikeeva1, D. M. Chudinov2, Ye. A. Kopytina3, O. A. Sotnikova4
VERSION OF THE SOLUTION
OF THE PROBLEM OF OPTIMIZATION OF THICKNESS
OF THE HEAT-INSULATION LAYER IN HEAT SUPPLY
Voronezh State Technical University
Russia, Voronezh
1PhD in Engineering, Assoc. Prof. of the Dept. of Heat and Gas Supply and Oil and Gas Business, tel.: (473)271-53-21, e-mail: petrikeeva.nat@yandex.ru
2PhD in Engineering, Assoc. Prof. of the Dept. of Heat and Gas Supply and Oil and Gas Business, tel.: (473)271-53-21, e-mail: dmch_@mail.ru
4D. Sc. in Engineering, Prof., Head of the Dept. of Designing of Buildings and Structures Named after N. V. Troitskii,
tel. (473)277-43-39, e-mail: ksenija.sotnikova@yandex.ru Voronezh State University
Russia, Voronezh
3PhD student of Dept. of Information Technologies of Management, tel.: +7-952-101-72-96, e-mail: zhemkaterina@yandex.ru
Statement of the problem. With an increase in the thickness of isolation costs of a construction and operation of the heat-insulated pipeline increase as well. At the same time heat losses, and thus annual costs of the lost warmth decrease. The solution of a task comes down to the minimization of the function of expenses of a working option.
Results. In the paper the optimum thickness of thermal isolation of a water heating system taking into account the criterion of the minimum value of the specific given expenses with use of the known algorithm is determined. As the problem of optimization depends on a large number of variables, it is expedient to solve it using software.
Conclusions. One of the options for calculating the optimum thickness of thermal isolation on the computer by means of the program for the work with the spreadsheets Microsoft Excel including VBA macroprogramming language is offered. The results received during the work with the program can be used for further engineering calculations.
Keywords: thermal isolation, search of an optimal solution, thermal networks, software, algorithm, macroprogramming language.
Introduction. For identifying the directions for the middle and long-term development of a country’s fuel and energy complex for their comprehensive comparative assessment, it is
© Petrikeeva N. A., Chudinov D. M., Kopytina Ye. A., Sotnikova O. A., 2018
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