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For the fishermen of Rebun,		Для рыбаков острова Ребун мысль
the notion that young outsiders		о том, что молодежь может выбрать их
may choose to adopt their way of		образ жизни, одновременно захватывает
life is both fascinating and		и озадачивает. «В конце концов, – сказал
perplexing.	'After all,' said	Мукосее, – не кажется ли странным, что
Mukose, 'isn't it rather strange that		мы должны бороться за то, чтобы
we have to fight to keep our		удержать сою молодежь здесь, тогда как
youngsters here while more and		с каждым годом все больнее городских
more kids from the city come here		детей приезжают сюда?» Однако это
every year?' But for the first time,		впервые, когда столь больше количество
an increasing number of young		молодых японцев выступают против
Japanese are rebelling against their		своего меркантильного, кадрового об-
materialistic,	career-oriented	щества, и, подобно своим собратьям из
society and like their brethren in		Европы и США, ищут другой образ
Europe and US, looking for		жизни
alternative life-styles

Задание 8. Определите необходимый для перевода объём фоновой информации, связанный с упоминанием в текстах СМИ следующих американских прецедентных имен и реалий.

Andy Warhol	Louis Armstrong
Charles Manson	Muhammed Ali
Leonard Bernstein	Robert Frost
Michael Jordan	Howard Hughes
Neil Armstrong	O.J. Simpson
Martin Luther King	Amelia Earhart
Oval Office	Greyhound
Chevy	Off-Broadway
Secret Service	Silicon Valley
La Guardia	Super Bowl
Ivy League	WallMart
Macy’s	JFK
MOMA	Mayflower

Задание 9. Заполните информационные пропуски.

1. … was an African American jazz trumpeter, composer and singer.

2. … is an American criminal who led what became known as the Manson Family, a quasi-commune that arose in the California desert in the late 1960s.

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3. … was an American composer, conductor, author, music lecturer, and

pianist.

4. … is an American former professional basketball player.

5. … was an American business tycoon, entrepreneur, investor, aviator, aerospace engineer, inventor, filmmaker and philanthropist.

6.… was an American artist who was a leading figure in the visual art movement known as pop art.

7.… is an American former professional boxer

8.… was an American poet.

9.… was an American astronaut

10.… was an American aviation pioneer and author.

11.… is an American former professional basketball player.

12.… is a retired American football player, broadcaster, actor, and convicted felon.

Задание 10. Проанализируйте содержание данных текстовых фрагментов и переведите используемые в них реалии с учётом контекста.

1.Greyhound, founded in 1914 in Hibbing, Minn., has long been an icon of American mobility, particularly for those who cannot afford faster travel. Its red, white and blue buses with their trademark running dog have become entwined with the country's culture and history.

2.McCartney toured Graceland on Sunday while on the American leg of his Out There tour. It was the first time he had visited the Tennessee town in 20 years.

3.Visiting Ft. Knox is virtually unheard of. The Treasury and the Federal Reserve, both of whom serve as co-administrators of the facility, have a strong policy against it. Dozens of requests are turned down annually. Even former Presidents are denied entry.

4.In the fall of 2008, Mary and her husband, Brad, were seated by complete

coincidence next to Jay Kuo and Lorenzo Thione at an OffBroadway show, where a brief conversation revealed a mutual love of theater.

5.It was argued that LaGuardia, the facility that whisks millions of travelers on their not-so-merry way, is a chaotic and unwieldy mess that's not fit for the 21st century. So, it should be torn down - and then completely rebuilt as soon as money is available.

Задание 11. Продумайте возможные стратегии перевода метафор, использованных в следующих предложениях и текстовых фрагментах.

1.As the events of the financial crisis are getting unfolded, it is getting clearer that post the Lehman Brothers bankruptcy, the world suffered a ‘temporary

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cardiac arrest’. The financial authorities across the world took charge and resorted to desperate measures to do whatever it took to save the economy from collapsing.

2.President George Bush was convinced that Islamic terrorism could only be defeated through the "ending of tyranny" in the Muslim world, and he believed he was creating the right soil for democracy. His war in Iraq broke up the hard earth of despotism, Washington believed, and his calls for freedom were providing the fertiliser.

3.If Washington wants to derail Iran's nuclear program, it must take advantage of a split in Tehran between hard-liners, who care mostly about security, and pragmatists, who want to fix Iran's ailing economy. By promising strong rewards for compliance and severe penalties for defiance, Washington can strengthen the pragmatists' case that Tehran should choose butter over bombs.

4.The Russians have complained that the United States has given them the cold shoulder.

5.From Nazi despot Adolf Hitler to Cambodia's genocidal leader Pol Pot these tyrants have ruled with an iron fist, attempting to annihilate their enemies and oppress their people in a grab for absolute power.

6.Senior American officials live in their own bubbles, rarely having genuine interaction with their overseas counterparts, let alone other foreigners

7.Oil is the lifeblood of the Russian economy.

8.Crony capitalism and genuine capitalism, if not opposites, are fundamentally opposed. Unfortunately the broader public, to date, is largely unaware of this and many countries are plagued by corrupt governments.

Задание 12. Выполните предпереводческий анализ данного текста, определите цель и стратегию перевода. Переведите текст.

Turning Our Backs on Immigrants

My mother had pale green eyes. In her youth, she also had a slight figure, beautiful dark hair pulled back in a modest bun and few expectations for her life.

Like most Irish Catholic women, she rarely talked of herself and so I know very little of her history behind the cold, angry glances she often gave. The one thing I do remember her telling me, however, still chills.

I do not recall the context, perhaps, it was during a summer when I was looking for my first paying job as a teenager. The years between her experience and its telling to her fourth child had not taken the bite away from her anger. When she came of age in Columbus, Ohio, during the Great Depression, she said, employers had signs on their doors: HELP WANTED, NO IRISH NEED APPLY.

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There is no telling how the anti-Irish bigotry influenced her life and, by implication, mine. Her first-generation father had abandoned the family. My first generation grandmother left my mother and her two brothers to care for themselves while she worked in a factory. It was not until after my mother died that I learned my grandfather's name and the fact that he was an alcoholic.

Bad genes, bad character, bad breaks or bigotry? Who knows. But it is clear to me that such ethnic antagonism creates a heritage of self-loathing that I see in the eyes of my daughters. And job discrimination too often leaves proud men with nothing to offer their families other than their absence.

Now, the hatred and xenophobia that inspired those signs are guiding the creation of public policy on the highest levels. The current Republican Congress has written, and the Democratic president has signed, punitive legislation that institutionalizes anti-immigrant beliefs and punishes the spouses and children of runaway parents.

The reconstruction of federal assistance to the poor – it is not reform – has many flaws. But perhaps the most morally repugnant are those that eliminate all forms of assistance to legal immigrants, even though they have paid taxes.

These are the four major provisions affecting legal immigrants.

Effective immediately, they are no longer eligible for Supplemental Security Income (federal assistance to the elderly and the handicapped). Those who are currently receiving it will be weeded off the rolls throughout the coming year.

They also will be ineligible for food stamps.

In addition, they may also be denied – a state's option – federal cash assistance to single-parent families, as well as Medicaid and social services.

(Those who lived in the United States for at least10 years are exempted from these three provisions as are refugees, veterans and those granted political asylum.)

Lastly, their sponsor will be considered financially responsible for them, not for up to five years as it is now but until the immigrant becomes a citizen.

I live in New York City now. Half the residents are either immigrants or first generation. The new regulations are predicted to cost the city $290 million during the coming year. California officials, also faced with a large immigrant population, believe that their state will lose about $300 million in federal funds. Illinois, with a

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city that has historically been the gateway to economic independence for thousands, is likely to be heavily hit too. And no one in authority is talking about how these cuts will affect the underground, all-cash economy.

The economic havoc, however, is but one measure of how these changes will affect our urban communities, filled to the brim as they are with people from around the world.

If the predicted devastation materializes, it will be extremely sad. But the violence done to our national character will be equally harmful. We will have entered another shameful period in our history caused by our elected officials deciding to turn their backs on the pledge our nation made to the world (Remember: "Give us your tired, your weak.") and, instead, to become scions of those who put up the signs that hurt my mother so.

ТЕКСТЫ ДЛЯ САМОСТОЯТЕЛЬНОЙ РАБОТЫ Текст 1

From the Tea Party to UKIP, the Right Is Rising

BY JOHN CASSIDY

Some disturbing political news from across the pond: in two by-elections on Thursday, the xenophobic U.K. Independence Party won its first seat in the House of Commons and almost won a second. The victory came in a formerly Conservative-held seat in Clacton, east of London, where the party’s representative thrashed the Tory candidate, delivering a humiliating rebuke to Prime Minister David Cameron. The near-miss came in Heywood and Middleton, a Labour stronghold in Greater Manchester, where the UKIP candidate was just six hundred votes short of winning.

These blows to the two major parties come just months before a general election, which has to be held by May of next year. On Friday morning, Cameron warned that a strong UKIP showing, especially in Tory seats, could throw the election to Labour by splitting the Conservative vote: “What last night demonstrates is that if you see a big UKIP vote you will end up with Ed Miliband as Prime Minister, Ed Balls as Chancellor, and Labour in power.”

The scenario that Cameron described is perfectly plausible. But the larger story goes well beyond the Westminster horse race and, indeed, beyond the shores of the United Kingdom. The rise of UKIP demonstrates, once again, that the politics of protest have shifted. From the French Revolution to the Great Depression and beyond, hard times tended to benefit progressive and left-wing parties, which critiqued the extant economic and political systems and offered

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blueprints for reforming or replacing them. These days, the primary beneficiaries of economic slumps are often right-wing groups, such as the Tea Party, the French National Front, and UKIP

Wrapping themselves in the flag and excoriating what they view as a corrupt élite, these protest parties attract the support of alienated voters from across the political spectrum. By channelling economic distress and cultural alienation into resentment of foreigners, welfare beneficiaries, and government officials, they come to drive the political agenda. Meanwhile, avowedly left-wing parties, where they still exist, hardly get a look-in. And moderate progressive parties, far from being presented with an opportunity to enact an egalitarian agenda, are forced to back up and defend basic institutions of social democracy, such as progressive taxation and a universal social-safety net.

Текст 2

Scandal of Royal Mail's rich bosses

Royal Mail workers don't only fear for their jobs as the government presses on with part-privatising the postal service.

Their pensions are under threat, too, because the scheme they paid into for their old age has a £9billion shortfall. But that doesn't apply to Royal Mail's bosses.

They have their own gold-plated scheme which will keep them in luxury for the rest of their lives. Buried in the Royal Mail's accounts is the revelation that the firm's payments into the executive fund more than doubled last year. Meanwhile, the company's payments into the lame-duck workers' fund remained virtually static.

This startling illustration of the Royal Mail's priorities has the unmistakable – and, these days, predictable – whiff of public sector bosses shamelessly enriching themselves while frontline staff bear the brunt of redundancies and cut-backs.

One of the chief beneficiaries of the bosses' pension scheme is the chief executive, Adam Crozier, who received £3million in pay and bonuses last year - despite thousands of post offices being closed, letter volumes falling and delivery targets missed.

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There seems no end to the rewards paid to them for failure, weakening still further the morale of rank and file postmen and women who we all depend on to get our mail.

The public spotlight has this week been fixed on Sir Fred Goodwin, the disgraced and reviled boss of RBS, who refuses to give back any of his obscene £693,000-a-year pension from a bank which the taxpayer saved.

Now we learn Mr Crozier, already the UK's highest-paid public servant, has the same sort of fat-cat pension arrangement.

Taxpayers have bailed out the banks – yet the bankers carry on as though nothing has changed. The same should not be allowed to happen at the Royal Mail.

Текст 3

Universities use 'bribes' to woo students

A-level 'market' sparks bidding war for the best and brightest

A student recruitment war generated by the Government's higher-education reforms is forcing universities to behave like football teams in search of top talent, a leading academic claimed last night.

Research by The Independent has revealed that many of the country's middle-ranking universities are trying to woo high-performing A-level candidates with a range of incentives as they try to cling on to those with the benchmark A- level grades of AAB.

The incentives include slashing accommodation costs by as much as £1,500 and special bursaries for those with top grades.

Union leaders last night condemned what they see as an "ugly bidding war", forced upon universities by the Coalition's decision earlier this year to allow them to increase their student numbers provided they recruit those with at least two A grades and a B-grade pass. A total of 20,000 places will be available under this scheme.

Professor Alan Smithers, head of the Centre for Education and Employment at Buckingham University, said: "Universities are like football managers. In order to secure their standing, they have to recruit the best available talent now that the Government has freed up student places." As a result of the shake-up, Bristol is planning to offer 600 additional places to AAB candidates

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and University College London 300 places. Both are members of the Russell Group, which represents 24 of the most selective research-intensive higher education institutions in the UK.

Faced with this competition, universities outside the Russell Group are responding by offering financial incentives (scholarships and discounts) in a bid to keep top students.

Professor Smithers added: "The middle-ranking universities can see some of their potential clients being lured away. It is actually positive from the students' point of view. They will be receiving a reward for excellence in their A- levels. I wouldn't be tempted, though, to put my life in the balance for a couple of thousand pounds."

The results will trigger another scramble for university places as, despite a drop of around nine per cent in the number of UK applicants this year, candidates will still outnumber places by about 100,000.

With fees rising to £9,000 from this September, some firms are reporting growing evidence that school-leavers are seeking work rather than a university degree.

Текст 4

The cheat goes on in Harvard

Cheaters never win – but they get into Harvard!

Nearly half of the school’s incoming freshmen admitted to cheating on homework, exams or other assignments in their young academic careers, according to a survey by the Ivy League institution’s student newspaper.

“Some of the newest members of that community are already guilty of academic dishonesty,” The Harvard Crimson declared in its summary of the findings.

The elite institution is still reeling from a 2012 cheating scandal in which dozens of kids swapped and plagiarized answers during a course called “Introduction to Congress.”

An estimated 70 students were booted when the scandal blew up. And some unrepentant cheaters claimed they merely “collaborated” on the exam, and vowed to sue the university.

Of the 1,300 students surveyed, 42 percent admitted they had cheated on homework, and 17 percent took shortcuts on take-home assignments.

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The school’s jocks cheat more than the nerds, and boys cheat more than girls, the survey found.

Overall, one in 10 freshmen owned up to cheating on an exam.

The president of the Crimson, Bobby Samuels, said he was appalled that “every one in 10 people you see walking around the halls cheated on an exam.”

But he added that the new kids have a chance to “grow up,” and pointed to Harvard’s most recent survey of outgoing seniors, which found much lower levels of self-reported cheating.

The good news for Harvard is that “84 percent of respondents put academics first when asked to rank their anticipated priorities among academics, extracurriculars, varsity sports, paid employment and social life,” the Crimson reported.

The survey found that 36 percent of respondents planned to study between 20 and 29 hours a week — and 26 percent said they anticipate spending between 30 and 39 hours hitting the books.

Only 4 percent said they planned to study more than 50 hours in a week. “But at the same time, Harvard does create certain pressures,” said Don

McCabe, a Rutgers University professor of global management and business, and founder of the International Center for Academic Integrity.

“Harvard’s almost a guarantee of success, so in that sense, getting in is the

trick.”

Of course, the survey of potential cheaters is relying on honest feedback. “We have reason to believe that students who cheat might also lie about

cheating,” said ICAI Director Teresa Fishman.

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Учебное издание

Княжева Елена Александровна, Яковлева Ирина Николаевна

ПРАКТИКУМ ПО ПЕРЕВОДУ ЭКСПРЕССИВНОГО ТЕКСТА

Учебно-методическое пособие

Редактор И.Г. Валынкина

Компьютерная верстка О.В. Шкуратько

Подписано в печать 20.04.2016. Формат 60×84/16. Уч.-изд. л. 1,3. Усл. печ. л. 1,2. Тираж 50 экз. Заказ 281.

Издательский дом ВГУ. 394000, г. Воронеж, пл. Ленина, 10

Отпечатано в типографии Издательского дома ВГУ. 394000, г. Воронеж, ул. Пушкинская, 3

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