A World We Live In - Unit8

"It proves your point, don't you think?" Steve asked, putting his arm around my waist. "What do you mean?"

"Vacation's a state of mind," he said. "They're on vacation, like we are."

Grinning like two kids on an adventure, we strolled down the creaky, wooden boardwalk. Soon we discovered a hole-in-the-wall restaurant. I hesitated at the door, but Steve encouraged me. "Be bold", he said. "We're on vacation, remember?"

The result was a delicious steak dinner in a restaurant we'd often heard about but had never visited.

That day we didn't follow a schedule or a map. Because we were "on vacation," we felt relaxed and refreshed, free from responsibilities.

This simple notion has rejuvenated our marriage, and even our grown children and grandchildren are eager to be included in our many adventures.

We often go on a "minivacation," with a kite, the camera, or just the intention of getting "lost."

I'd love to share more, but today we're heading to Coloma with our gold pans. It doesn't matter if we find nuggets, because we've discovered a special treasure - that vacation is a state of mind, and it's always available to us and our loved ones.

( Kathleen Barrett)

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II. Read the text, do the exercises coming after it; sum up the author's views on the cultivation of a hobby.

The cultivation of a hobby and new forms of interest is a policy of first importance to a public man. But this is not a business that can be undertaken in a day or swiftly improvised by a mere command of the will. The growth of alternative mental interests is a long process.

To be really happy and really safe, one ought to have at least two or three hobbies, and they must all be real. It is no use starting late in life to say: "I will take an interest in this or that." Such an attempt only aggravates the strain of mental effort. A man may acquire great knowledge of topics unconnected with his daily work, and yet hardly get any benefit or relief. It is no use doing what you like; you have got to like what you do.

It may be said that rational, industrious, useful human beings are divided into two classes: first, those whose work is work and whose pleasure is pleasure; and secondly, those whose work and pleasure are one. Of these the former are the majority. They have their compensations. The long hours in the office or factory bring them their reward, not only the means of sustenance, but a keen appetite for pleasure even in its simplest and most modern forms. But Fortune's favoured children belong to the second class. Their life is a natural harmony. For them the working hours are never long enough. Each day is a holiday, and ordinary holidays when they come are grudged as enforced interruptions in an absorbing vocation. Yet to both classes the need of an alternative outlook, of a chance of atmosphere, of a diversion of effort, is essential. Indeed, it may well be that those whose work is their pleasure are those who most need the means of banishing it at intervals from their minds.

(Winston Churchill)

a) Questions:

1. Why is it important to cultivate a hobby? 2. What are other reasons for the cultivation of a hobby apart from those mentioned in the text? 3. Do you agree that those whose work

and pleasure are one belong to Fortune's favoured children? 4. Which class do you belong to? 5. What is your hobby? For how long have you been cultivating it?

b) Support or challenge the following statements:

1. To be really happy and really safe one ought to have at least two or three hobbies. 2. It is no use doing what you like; you have got to like what you do. 3. ... those whose work is their pleasure are those who most need the means of banishing it at intervals from their minds.

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III. Read the text; discuss the author's attitude to collectors and to collecting things; give a summary of the text. Answer the questions coming after the text.

COLLECTOMANIA

An eighteenth-century marquetry desk, veneered with shaped panels of tulipwood, inlaid with sprays of flowers, may command something in the region of $ 1500 at an auction sale held in such well-known London sales rooms as Sotheby's or Christie's. And this is nothing in comparison with the fantastic sums which antique furniture, ornaments and paintings are now fetching.

What is the violent attraction which things from the past exercise on collectors? Why are people prepared to spend such huge amounts of money on pieces of furniture which are full of wormholes, or ornaments which have to be locked up because they are so fragile, and on pictures which are so valuable that they have to be kept in the vaults of a bank? Collecting antiques is like any other kind of collecting, whether it be of stamps, matchboxes, stuffed fish, or tiger-skin rugs: one becomes addicted. The inveterate collector never misses an opportunity. If he is going somewhere by car, he will stop at the most unlikely-looking place, ready to spend half-an-hour or more ferreting through piles of piles of dusty furniture and broken odds and ends, in the hope of coming across a masterpiece, or at least making a bargain. Perhaps he will find just the plate he has been looking for make up his collection of chipped, old china; or the bust of Disraeli, or anybody else, which he has been searching for so long.

There comes a moment in every collector's life when every available piece of furniture he possesses is covered with useless and somewhat dusty ornaments. The history of each acquisition is gleefully recounted to the casual visitor: "Such a bargain! I picked it up from a little man I know, it's a real..." (and then an unpronounceable name). "Of course these dealers don't realise the value of pieces like this; you have to be a connoisseur to recognise one." The poor guest, looked bemused, or blank, tries to enthuse over a rather batteredlooking object which might conceivably be a coffee-pot.

This, of course, is far from the eighteenth-century marquetry desk, but there are certainly many more people who can afford to rummage in junk-shops for the five-shilling bargain than people who can afford to buy authentic eighteenth-century furniture. And surely there is more pleasure in taking home a grimy object which will finally be given pride of place on a rather shaky dresser, than in waiting for the antique-dealer to deliver the elegant piece of furniture chosen, naturally, by a fashionable interior decorator.

Questions:

1. Why do people collect things? 2. What things attract the collectors' attention? Why? 3. Do you know any interesting facts about collectors and their collections? 4. Is the idea of collecting things appealing to you? 5. Have you ever tried to collect anything? 6. What would you like to collect? Why?

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IV. Read the text and do the exercises coming after it. Dwell on W.S.Maugham's ideas which you would like to support. Choose points which you would like to dispute. Do you feel the same about books and reading as W.S.Maugham?

During the time I was at St Thomas's Hospital I went systematically through English, French, Italian and Latin literature. I read a lot of history, a little philosophy and a good deal of science. My curiosity was too great to allow me to give much time to reflect upon what I read; I could hardly wait to finish one book, so eager was I to begin another. This was always an adventure, and I would start upon a famous work as excitedly as a reasonable young man would go in to bat for his side or a nice girl go to a dance. Now and then journalists ask me what is the most thrilling moment of my life. If I were not ashamed to, I might answer that it is the moment when I began to read Goethe's Faust. I have never quite lost this feeling, and even now the first pages of a book sometimes send the blood racing through my veins. To me reading is a rest as to other people conversation or a game of cards. It is more than that; it is a necessity, and if I am deprived of it for a little while I find myself as irritable as the addict deprived of his drug. I would sooner read a time-table or a catalogue than nothing at all.

And yet, though I have read so much, I am a bad reader. I read slowly and I am a poor skipper. I find it difficult to leave a book, however bad and however much it bores me, unfinished. I could count on my fingers the number of books that I have not read from cover to cover. On the other hand there are few books that I have read twice. I know very well that there are many of which I cannot get the full value on a single reading, but in that they have given me all I was capable of getting at the time, and this, though I may forget their details, remqins a permanent enrichment. I know people who read the same book over and over again. It can only be that they read with their eyes and not with their sensibility. It is a mechanical exercise like the Tibetan's turning of a praying wheel. It is doubtless occupation, but they are wrong if they think it an intelligent one.

(W.S.Maugham. The Summing-Up)

a) Explain:

I. Why beginning a new book was always an adventure to W.S.Maugham?

2.How did the writer estimate the emotional value of reading?

3.Why did he consider himself to be a bad reader?

4.What makes him think that rereading of a book is nothing but a mechanical exercise? b) Sum up your own reading experience.

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V. Read the text. Make 10 questions covering the main points of the story and ask your groupmates to answer them. Retell the story using your questions as guide-posts.

CATS, DOGS AND MR. BEAN.

When I saw Mr. Bean step out of his car and head for out veterinary office carrying a basket, I wanted to hide. Not again! Edmund Bean had been bringing us kittens for the past year and a half. He had seven cats at home, three or four of them female. And since a cat can have three litters a year, he was an all-too-frequent visitor.

He brought the kittens in on the pretext of having them put to sleep. But he knew that I could not bear to see this happen. The cat's meows melted my heart, and I prepared to take them to my three-room house in Princenton, Massachusetts, which I shared with 37 dogs

and 30 - make that 36 - cats.

But these new additions were the least of my troubles. As Princeton's dog officer, I had been fighting an ongoing battle with the town's selectmen. They claimed I took in too many strays, and that my boarding capacity was legally limited to 10 dogs forget the cats. Any additional dog staying with me longer than 10 days had to be destroyed.

Maybe the reason I kept them anyway was that I was something of a stray myself. After several years of being a battered wife I had finally got a divorce and found my calling: taking care of unwanted dogs and cats, most of which had also been abused. Homeless animals came to me from everywhere. Some were even thrown over the fence into my backyard. I nursed them and then tried to find them homes.

By the fall of 1975 those 37 dogs and 36 cats got me in a peck of trouble. A new neighbor complained to the town. Pressured, the selectmen issued an order: Get rid of those 27 extra dogs. The controversy was picked up by the local news, and as a result, I lost my part-time job with the veterinarian.

Then who should show up at my house with another litter of kittens? Mr. Bean, of course. This time I was ready to give him a real tongue-lashing. But before I had a chance, he looked around my yard, saw the dogs lolling happily, and the cats stretching and yawning in the sun. He turned to me, his blue eyes full of hope: "Can I come and visit them?" What could I say?

So every week he came with a chicken roll. Sitting on a stump he broke off pieces and fed all the cats. Somehow, seeing his love of animals began to soften my heart.

He told me he slaved all his life for low wages in a shoe factory. Never married, he lived alone in a small department. His cats were his family. Each night they gathered at the door to welcome him home. They snoozed in his lap while he watched television. "And they curl up around me when I go to sleep," he said, smiling wistfully. The more I got to know Mr. Bean, the more I learned to love him. He really was a kind man.

Finally, the Princeton authorities told me I had 10 days to get rid of my extra dogs. What was I to do?

I thought of a piece of land I had seen in Barre, a town about 15 miles away. The property was secluded; there would be no one around to complain. The problem was money; I had only enough to feed myself and my dogs and cats, and pay their vet bills. If I could just get enough to buy the land, I would sell my house and build a facility on it.

A few days later Mr. Bean came for a visit.

"Miss Bosler," he said, "I've been doing a lot of thinking. It's wonderful what you're doing with these animals. And I know you're having trouble. Well, the doctors give me a year to live. It has taken me all my life to save eight thousand dollars. I'm going to give you six thousand and save the other two thousand to have myself buried. I just want to know that all these"- he waved a hand around the room - "have a place to live."

Mr. Bean's gift helped me start the Bosler Humane Society, the largest no-kill shelter in New England. The dogs sleep on their own blankets, freshly every day, and they have supervised recreation and eating periods. Groups of 15 cats live in a dozen individual "homes". All animals are checked to make sure they are healthy.

When I look back, I'm amazed. To date we've been able to save and find homes for more than 9,000 animals. And all because of Mr. Bean, the man who couldn't help loving animals.

(E.Bosler) b) Working in pairs (groups) discuss the problem of keeping pet animals. Sum up the

results of your discussion and exchange opinions on the subject with other students.

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VI. Read the text; make a brief summery of it; do the exercises coming after the text.

FIRST DANCE

My son, Robby, 12, has started going to dance parties. Only minutes ago, he was this little boy whose idea of looking really sharp was to have all the Kool-Aid stains on his T-shirt be the same flavor. Now, suddenly, he's spending more time on his hair than it took to paint the Sistine Chapel.

And he's going to parties where the boys dance with actual girls. This was unheard of when I was 12, during the Eisenhower Administration. Oh, sure, parents sent us to ballroom-dancing class, but it would have been equally cost-effective for them to simply set fire to their money.

The ballroom in my case was actually the Harold C. Crittenden Junior High School cafeteria. We boys would huddle in one corner, punching one another for moral support and eyeing the girls suspiciously, as though we expected them, at any moment, to be overcome by passion and assault us. This was unlikely, since - with sport coats we had outgrown, shirttails sticking out and the skinny ends of our neckties hanging down longer than the fat ends - we were not a fatally attractive collection of stud muffins. Our hair was smeared with Brylcreem, a chemical substance with the look and feel of industrial pump lubricant.

When the class started, the enemy genders lined up on opposite sides of the room, and the instructor, an unfortunate middle-aged man who I hope was being paid hundreds of thousands of dollars, would attempt to teach us the fox trot. "Boys, start with your LEFT foot forward," he'd say, demonstrating the steps. "Girls, start with your RIGHT foot back and begin now: ONE...”

The girls would take a graceful step back with the right foot. On the boys' side, Joe DiGiacinto, who is now an attorney, would bring his left foot down firmly on the right toe of Tommy Longworth.

"TWO," the instructor would say. The girls would bring the left foot back, while Tommy would punch Joe sideways into Dennis Johnson.

"THREE," the instructor would say, and the girls would shift their weight to the right, while on the other side the boys would be punching and stomping each other so that our line looked like a giant centipede having a seizure.

After we boys had thoroughly failed to master a dance, the instructor would order us to dance directly with the girls. We did this by sticking our arms straight out to maintain maximum separation, lunging around the cafeteria like miniature versions of Frankenstein's monster.

We never danced with girls outside of that class. At social events, girls danced with other girls; boys made hilarious intestinal noises with their armpits. It was the natural order of things.

But times have changed. I found this out the night of Robby's first dance party when, 15 minutes before it was time to leave, he marched up to me wearing new duds and smelling vaguely of - Can it be? Yes, it's RIGHT GUARD - and told me we had to go immediately or we'd be late. This from a person who has never been on time for anything, a person who was three weeks late to his own birth.

At the door, Robby's friend T.J. strode up to us, hair slicked. "T.J.!" I remarked. "You're wearing cologne!" About two gallons, I estimated. He was emitting fragrance rays visible to the naked eye.

I followed the boys into the house, where kids were dancing. Actually, I first thought they were jumping up and down, but I have since learned they were doing a dance called the Jump. I tried to watch Robby, but he gestured violently at me to leave, which I can understand. If God had wanted your parents to watch you do the Jump, He wouldn't have made them so old.

Two hours later when I went to pick him up, the kids were slow-dancing. Parents were not allowed to watch this either, but by peering through a window, I glimpsed couples swaying together, occasionally illuminated by spontaneous fireballs of raw hormonal energy shooting around the room. My son was in there somewhere. But not my little boy.

(D.Barry)

1. Explain, why the son's experience of First Dance is so different from his father's. 2. Tell about your First Dance. What role does dancing play in your life?

VII. Work in pairs. Choose one of the suggested problems and discuss it with your groupmate. Present the results of your discussion to the group.

Wear the old coat and buy a new book.

Every man has his hobby-horse.

The busiest man finds the most leisure.

An idle brain is the devil's workshop. Choose an author as you choose a friend.

The wider we roam, the welcomer home.

All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.

Business before pleasure.

VIII. Support or challenge the following ideas:

1. The whole object of travel is not to set foot on foreign land. It is at last to set foot on one's own country as a foreign land.

G.K.Chesterton. 2. I believe that journeys are things in themselves, each one an individual and no two alike. I think people don't take trips - trips take people. Some journeys are over and dead before the traveller returns. The opposite is also true: many trips continue long after movement in time and space has stopped.

J.Steinbeck. 3. If all the year were playing holidays, to sport would be as tedious as to work.

W.Shakespeare.

** *

IX. Give a literary translation of the text. Does it add anything new to the problem of travel and tourism? What is the aim of travelling?

I went to China. I went with the feeling of any traveller interested in art and curious to see what he could of the manners of a strange people whose civilization was of great antiquity; but I went also with the notion that I must surely run across men of various sorts

whose acquaintance would enlarge my experience. I did. I filled notebooks with descriptions of places and persons and the stories they suggested. I became aware of the specific benefit I was capable of getting from travel; before, it had been only an instinctive feeling. This was freedom of the spirit on the one hand, and on the other, the collection of all manner of persons who might serve my purposes. After that I travelled to many countries. I journeyed over a dozen seas, in liners, in tramps, in schooners; I went by train, by car, by chair, on foot or on horseback. I kept my eyes open for character, oddness and personality. I learnt very quickly when a place promised me something and then I waited till I had got it. Otherwise I passed on. I accepted every experience that came my way. When I could I travelled as comfortably as my ample means allowed, for it seemed to me merely silly to rough it for the sake of roughing it; but I do not think I ever hesitated to do anything because it was uncomfortable or dangerous.

I have never been much of a sightseer. So much enthusiasm has been expended over the great sights of the world that I can summon up very little when I am confronted with them. I have preferred common things, a wooden house on piles nestling among fruit trees, the bend of a little bay lined with coconuts, or a group of bamboos by the wayside. My interest has been in men and the lives they led. I am shy of making acquaintance with strangers, but I was fortunate enough to have on my journeys a companion who had an inestimable social gift. He had an amiability of disposition that enabled him in a very short time to make friends with people in ships, clubs, bar-rooms and hotels, so that through him I was able to get into easy contact with an immense number of persons whom otherwise I should have known only from a distance.

I came back from each of my journeys a little different. In my youth I had read a great deal, not because I supposed that it would benefit me, but from curiosity and the desire to learn; I travelled because it amused me, and to get material that would be of use to me: it never occurred to me that my new experiences were having an effect on me, and it was not till long afterwards that I saw how they had formed my character. I ceased to travel because I felt that travel could give me nothing more. I was capable of no new development.

(Maugham)

* * *

X. Read the text; translate it into English. What other types of leisure activities apart from those discussed in this unit are mentioned by the author?

Англичане - родоначальники побочных увлечений, которые принято называть ими же изобретенным словом "хобби". Это не только отдушина от повседневной рутины, но и возможность проявить свои таланты. Побывав полдюжины раз в гостях у англичан, убеждаешься, что именно поиски общих склонностей и интересов, связанных с досугом, составляют канву их общения.

По части хобби фантазия англичан поистине неисчерпаема. Не будет преувеличением назвать Британию страной коллекционеров. Где еще в мире есть столько магазинов, специально предназначенных для филателистов и нумизматов? Но, кроме марок и монет, существует множество, так сказать, "оригинальных жанров" в области коллекционирования, рассчитанных на любой вкус и достаток. Лорд Монтегю, например, увлекается старыми автомобилями начала века. Но, видимо не меньше горд своей коллекцией его соотечественник, который собирает бляхи носильщиков с названиями вокзалов на давно закрытых железнодорожных

линиях.

Страна коллекционеров, Британия в еще большей степени является страной садоводов. Это излюбленное хобби и для биржевого брокера, и для шахтера, для адвоката и для почтальона. Среди англичан насчитывается свыше 20 миллионов садоводов-любителей. Далеко не все они, разумеется, обладают возможностью иметь сад. Часто это просто крохотный палисадник под окном. А уж если нет и его - остается выращивать цветы в ящике на подоконнике.

Садоводство - национальная страсть англичан, ключ к пониманию многих сторон их характера, их отношения к жизни. Сама английская погода, по поводу которой принято так много ворчать, служит, безусловно, лучшим другом садовода, позволяя жителям туманного Альбиона круглый год иметь досуг, куда менее доступный народам других стран.

Таким же важным событием традиционного летнего календаря, как скачки в Эскоте, теннисный турнир в Уимблдоне или гребная регата в Хэнли, служит ежегодная выставка цветов в Чэлси - на нее съезжаются селекционеры-любители со всей страны.

Подчеркивая, что англичане на редкость домолюбивы, порой даже трудно сказать, к чему прежде всего относится эта страсть - к домашнему очагу или к палисаднику за окном. Физический труд в саду, практические навыки в этом деле одинаково чтимы во всех слоях британского общества.

Наконец, третьим излюбленным увлечением англичан наряду с коллекционированием и садоводством следует назвать домашних животных. Однако их пылкую любовь к собакам и кошкам было бы кощунственно относить к числу хобби. В силу местных особенностей тема эта вторгается в область семейной жизни. Нигде в мире собаки и кошки не окружены таким страстным обожанием, как среди слывущих бесстрастными англичан. Собака или кошка для них - это любимый член семьи, самый преданный друг и, как порой поневоле начинаешь думать, самая приятная компания.

(В.Овчинников)

Situational Topics

1.What do you know about British and American traditional leisure activities?

2.Are leisure activities nowadays different from those of the previous centuries?

3.A hiking tour: its advantages and disadvantages.

4.Hobbies and the role they play in the life of people. Is it possible to turn your hobby into your profession?

5.Sum up your reading experience. Why are young people rather indifferent to reading today?

6.State, what types of leisure activities are especially popular with young people nowadays. Give your reasons.

7.The ideal way of spending a holiday.

Role Play

1. "Each Man Has a Hobby-Horse"

This role-play is about a TV programme in which members of the public talk about their hobbies. One student is a TV interviewer while the others are members of the studio audience. They represent different social and age groups and various professions (a

politician, a psychologist, a student, a teenager, a housewife, a pensioner, a driver, a salesman/ shop assistant, an actor/ actress, a businessman, an assembly-line worker, a teacher, a journalist, etc.). The interviewer introduces the programme and then asks members of the studio to tell about his/ her hobby and express opinion on hobbies and the role they play in the life of people.

The interviewer: Think of some curious examples and suitable questions stimulating the activity of the members of the studio audience and lead the discussion. When you have finished invite questions from the audience. Think of how to finish off the programme. The members of the studio audience: Think of your name and background. Try and give reasonably long answers to the questions of the interviewer and the other people participating in the programme. Be prepared to use your imagination. Think of the questions you may ask in your turn. Remember that opinions may differ so try to avoid conflicts and make compromises.

2. Plans For The Holiday

(pair work or group work)

You are making plans for the holiday. Study the advertisements below. Choose a place you would like to go to. Think about:

1)for how long you are going there;

2)what you are going to do there;

3)who you are going with;

4)what you are looking forward to most.

Present the results of your discussion to the class. State the reasons for your choice.

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