Kniga_1

- i [ ] ( ).“z ,“c ,“s . “z , “c ,“s , . “i [i] “z , “c ,“s , “ - i [ ] “i .

,	2 .		).
-i [ ]	(
“ zh , “ ch , “ sh , “ r ,			,
. “ - i [ ]			“ zh , “ ch , “ sh , “ r ,

. “i [i] “zh , “ch ,“sh ,“r , “ - i [ ] “i .[i].

i [iA],ie[i ] ——— . , ,,.

ie “e ., , ,.

i o [i u],iou[iou] ——— ., ,, ——— .

i n [i n],i n [i ],ion [y ] ——— ., [ n],[ ], [u ].

3 . (1)

(1) “y .

“i “y .

“i ,“ie ,“i o ,“iou ,“i n ,“i n ,“ion , “i“y , :

i y , ie ye,i o y o,iou you,i n y n,i n y n ,ion yon .

“i ,“in ,“in , “i “y , : i yi in yin in yin

18

(2) .

, : “b ,“ o ,“ u ,“ti ,“mi o ,“f n .

“i , “i , : “y ,“xn ,“jn .

(3) “o .

, “o “iou , “iu , “u , :

j -i u ji ,q -i u qi ,x -i u xi .

1 .

j

q

x

z

zh

r

2 .

i

i

ie

i o

iou

i n

i n

ion

3 .

	i	-i	i	ie	i o	iou	i n	i n	ion
j	ji		ji	jie	ji o	jiu	ji n	ji n	jion
q	qi		qi	qie	qi o	qiu	qi n	qi n	qion
x	xi		xi	xie	xi o	xiu	xi n	xi n	xion
z		zi
zh		zhi
r		ri

19

4 .

bi o—pi o

mi n—ni n

zh —r

y —n

li n —ji n

bi —li

xi n — qi n

ji —xi

z o—r u

ji o—xi

z n —r n

ji —mi

ji n—qi n

zh o—r o

j —x

xi —qi

5 , .

zh

r

sh

zh

zh

ch

p

p

j

q

j

x

y

x

p

l

n

m

z

s

x

j

x

l

k

q

y

y

y

x

6

.

mn zi

ysi

h nz

c i u

s nln

ynm n

s n zi

zc n

c nji

xi oxn

b xi

zh oyn

qt

qi nw n

jn l

d n x

xi nd i

yn xi n

y nm i

zj

zzh

7

.

(1)

jinl i

qiuch n

zu ny n

meili

(2)

minzhu

niun i

pin bi

xiexie

(3)

zhuxi

luyou

ti nqi o

xi n n

(4)

k ishi

f sh o

c och n

yin xion

(5)

zhenzhen

xiezhu

shouzh n

jich n

8 .

(1)

y n y n

y n y n

ji n ji n

(2)

ni n ni n

li n li n

li n li n

20

(3)	z c	z o c o	xi n xi n
(4)	zh r	j q	qi xi
(5)	ji n xi n	zh r	ji qi

9 .

(1)

i

i n

i n

i n

(2)

i

o

n

n

i

(3)

i

n

n

i

(4)

n

i o

o

(5)

i n

n

i n

i o

i n

10 .

1 Nnh o! ( !)			2 N h o	m ? ( ?)		3 H n h o,
xi xie. ( , . )			4 T y	h n h o. ( . )
5 T men xi h nz . ( . )				6 N ji o sh nme mn zi? (
?)	7 L osh , z iji n. ( , . ) 8 Xi o L z i ji osh
m ? (	?)

11 .

f n zi

w zi

b nzi

b izi

b izi

m ozi sh ozi

yzi

f ij

qi o xi o d

xi o

k

xi

h nz

b

zh

bzi

y njin

y ye

n in i

ji ijie

ddi

:

Xi n z i sh n k . ( . )

Qn b sh f n d o d y y . (. )

Qn zh y sh n di o. ( . ) Xi n z i xi xi. ( . )

21

5

1	u uo u i uei( - ui)		u n
	uen( -un) u n uen

u [uA],uo[uo] ——— .

u i [uai],uei[uei]——— . u n[uan],uen[u n],u n [u ],uen [u ] ——— ,

“uen , .

2 . (2)

(1) “w .

“u , “w . “u , “uo ,“u i ,“uei ,“u n ,“uen ,“u n ,“uen , “u“w , :

u w uo wo u i w i uei wei u n w n uen wen u n w n uen wen

“u , “u “w , :

“wu .
(2) .	“e		.
“uei ,
“i , :
-u i u zh -u i zhu h -u i hu		,
, “e
“un , :
ch -u n ch n l -u n l n t -u n t n

22

1 .

u uo u i uei u n uen u n uen

2 .

	u	uo	u i	uei	u n	uen	u n	uen
	u	uo	u i	ui	u n	un	u n
k	ku	kuo	ku i	kui	ku n	kun	ku n
h	hu	huo	hu i	hui	hu n	hun	hu n
zh	zhu	zhuo	zhu i	zhui	zhu n	zhun	zhu n
ch	chu	chuo	chu i	chui	chu n	chun	chu n
sh	shu	shuo	shu i	shui	shu n	shun	shu n

3 .

du — u

u n— u n

cu —su

w n —w n

ch n—s n

ku i—chu i

su —lu

shu n —zhu n

zu —cu

zhu —chu

su —chu

chu n— chu n

shu —shu i

w i—w i

n— u n

d n—t n

4					.
(1)	u n u n			hu hu i			l n lu n
(2)	u n ku n			lu du			zhu n zhu n
(3)	zh n ch n			shu sh o			u i
(4)	ji o zh o			chu ch o			u u

23

5 .

(1)

chuzhon

ru nruo

shen ri

qi nxi n

(2)

chu n d n

pijiu

zicon

c ice

(3)

xihu n

xiw n

u nxi

qius i

(4)

y njin

youyi

jiehun

feicui

(5)

shu id o

chu nqi

di nyin

ji nk n

6

, .

m m

t men

e

y ye

l i b

w men

n in i

b b

ddi

m imei

K n m ?

H o m ?

Tb !

7

,

.

l

c

h

h

zh

ch

h

zh

k

sh

h

x

ch

ch

h

zh

ch

zh

k

k

8

.

zu ti n

w men

w iy

w id

jhu

hu ini n

hu du

hu nyn

w nch n

w nd

ch nji

sw n

hu n s f w n

9

.

24

w n t

	du sh o	shu hu	ch nti n
	xi ti n	qi ti n	d n ti n

“y “w

“y “w . ,“y , “dei , .“y , . , “y“w .( )[i],[u],[y], [j],[w],[ ].“i ,“u ,“ , “i ,“u ,“ ,, “y ,“w.

:

Tn w f yn. ( , . )

Qn n w d y nm . ( . ) Qn z i shu y bi n. ( , , . )

25

6

1 e n n er

[y] . “i ,

.

e [y ] .“ , “ [ ], “, “ .

n[yan], n[yn] .

er [] . ,,, . :“r ,,“er ,.

2 . (3)

(1) “y .

“ ,“ e ,“ n ,“ n , “ “y , “

“u	( ), :		n yun
yu	e yue n yu n
(2) .				“u
“ , “n ,“l ,
, :
j - j q - qu x - n xu n j - n j n

26

n - n	n - n	l - l	l - l
(3) .

“ ,“o ,“e ,, “ , :

k i( )—ku i( )	j ( )—ji ( , )
p o( )—pi o( )	f n n( )—f n n( )

1 .

e

n

n

er

2 .

		e	n	n	er
n	n	n e
l	l	l e
j	ju	jue	ju n	jun
q	qu	que	qu n	qun
x	xu	xue	xu n	xun
y	yu	yue	yu n	yun

3 .

n —ni

l —li

j —ji

ju n—ji n

q —qu

xu —xu n

y —yu

r— r

l —l e

qu —ju

y n—yu n

ju n—zhu n

q —ch

q n—ch n

l —x

n —n

27