2015 ARKH-P7 Artic P
.pdfOcean Circulation
Surface Current of the Barents Sea |
Sea-Surface Temperature (°C) |
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Mercator model – 01 feb 2006
Logistics
Ice Breakers and Ice Class tankers
Significant cost impact
Evacuation in ice
AGENDA
1 Geography and geopolitic
2 Existing facilities
3 Some technical challenges:
A Ice and Icebergs
B Winterization
C Arctic Codes
D HSE
4 Shtockman
Icing
IN ARCTIC OFFSHORE
THE MAIN DIFFERENCE IS ICE
Ice can impose large lateral loads on a platform and is a threat to global stability
Ice creates high local pressures and can rupture the outer skin of a structure or vessel
Ice can create sea floor gouges and affect pipeline integrity
Ice can impede access by vessel and tanker
DEALING WITH ICE
Avoid it ! - summer drilling, seasonal production, disconnect for bad ice…
Fight it ! - ice resistant fixed platforms, ice breaking tankers, ice management
Use it ! - ice roads, construction from the ice
Structures
Designed to resist Ice Interaction Scenarios
Ice Forces (vibrations)
Ice Encroachment
Topsides for extreme temperatures
Oil spill containment
Pipelines and Subsea
Buried to resist ice scours
Typical depths 1-3 metres
Deeper for icebergs
Iceberg management plan
Consists of
Iceberg detection using aerial means
Iceberg tracking and forecasting
Iceberg deflection with tug(s)
Offshore Canada
15 000 icebergs have been deflected or towed
55 icebergs weight more than 3 millions tons
Iceberg management: Canadian experiences
Two concepts in iceberg infested waters
Iceberg resisting GBS
Hibernia
Start of production in 1997
Disconnectable FPSOs
Terra Nova, first oil in 2002
White Rose, first oil in 2005
Thanks to an efficient iceberg management plan, none of these platforms have been impacted by an iceberg nor had to disconnect since start of production.