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The title of the paper is “Modeling Boundary Layer Ingestion Using a Coupled Aeropropulsive Analysis”. The authors of the paper are Justin S. Gray, Charles A. Mader, Gaetan K. W. Kenway, and Joaquim R. R. A. Martins.

The present paper describes the influence of an aft boundary layer propulsor aircraft concept to reduce fuel burn for the single-aisle turboelectric aircraft. This work presents a new approach for building fully coupled aeropropulsive models of boundary layer ingestion (BLI) propulsion systems. Last works have regarded several new BLI-based aircraft configurations that could offer a decrease in aircraft fuel burn between 5 and 12%.

The first paragraph presents a new aircraft configuration named the single-aisle turboelectric aircraft with an aft boundary layer propulsor (STARC-ABL) was designed by NASA in 2016. STARC-ABL utilizes a turboelectric propulsion system with wing-mounted turbofan engines that also include electric generators to provide power to an electric motor powering the BLI propulsor.

Further the authors describe modeling a propulsion model and a BLI aerodynamic model. The BLI propulsor is modeled using the 1-D thermodynamic cycle analysis tool pyCycle. pyCycle, which is designed using OpenMDAO, permits for flexible modeling of propulsion systems by providing a library of various cycle elements (inlet, compressor, combustor, nozzle, and duct) that can be combined to model a specific propulsion system. The aerodynamic model utilizes the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) solver ADflow, which is an efficient viscous adjoint with an in-memory interface to Python that greatly simplifies the integration with OpenMDAO.

The authors conclude that the BLI advantage to the propulsion system emerges primarily from a reduction in incoming momentum flux (a reduction in ram drag). The BLI advantage to the aerodynamics was due to higher mean static pressure along the aft section of the fuselage relative to the clean fuselage in the podded configuration, and this higher pressure was caused by the influence of the BLI fan. The overall performance of the BLI configuration depends strongly on both propulsion and aerodynamic performance, and each discipline heavily impacts the other.

The development of such aircraft (STARC-ABL) will allow to reduce fuel burn, economic costs and improve the environment.