англ универ новая книга

reasonable - разумный, умеренный, приемлемый account - счет

warehouse - склад, пакгауз

to comprise - включать, заключать в себе

victualling bill - разрешение на беспошлинную погрузку продовольствия cash - наличные деньги

invoice - (счет-)фактура, накладная disbursement account - дисбурсментский счет to look through - просматривать

available - наличный, имеющийся в распоряжении in stock - в запасе

to be used to - привыкнуть (к чему-л.)

to obtain - доставать, добиваться, получать to pay - платить, оплачивать

to manage - справиться с чём-л., ухитриться

scarce - редкий, скудный, имеющийся в небольшом количестве to reach - достигать

market - рынок

to weigh - взвешивать, весить, иметь вес inferior - худший (по качеству)

to deal (in, with) - торговать, иметь дело (с кем-л.) customer - покупатель, клиент

to quote - котировать, назначать иену rate of exchange - валютный курс

lorry - грузовая машина, подвода, платформа scales - весы

musty - заплесневелый, затхлый mould - плесень

crust - корка (хлеба, сыра) tainted - тухлый, испорченный

Expressions

this may be the case - так может обстоять дело, так может случиться we ran out of stores - у нас кончились запасы

to be in charge of smth. - ведать, заведовать чём-л., отвечать за что-л. I leave it to your discretion. - Я оставлю это на ваше усмотрение.

How much will that come to? - Во сколько это обойдется?

We can make a 10 per cent reduction on these goods. - Мы можем дать вам

10-процентную скидку на эти товары.

We'll do our best. - Мы сделаем все зависящее от нас.

Mind if I taste it? - Вы не возражаете, если я попробую (на вкус) это?

I'm not a greenhorn in this business. - Я не новичок в этом деле. to settle accounts - рассчитываться, производить расчет

f.o.b. [fɔb] = free on board - фоб, франко-борт

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TEXT

Although our ships are well provided with everything they need for a normal run, sometimes they have to buy some things in foreign ports.

This may be especially the case when the ships are out of their home ports for a long time and when they may run out of some stores. The ships sailing on a long-term voyage may need fuel oil, technical supplies and fresh provisions.

In foreign ports, fresh provisions are usually bought either through shipchandlers or direct from sellers.

Shipchandlers are either owners or employees of trading companies which specialize in supplying ships with different kinds of foodstuffs and other commodities. They have either their own stores or they act as brokers for other firms engaged in wholesale trade. As a rule, they are well connected with local suppliers, enterprises and official establishments. They have ample information about the market demands and bids mid the current prices and they greatly facilitate buying the

victuals required by the ships.

In compliance with the terms of contract the ship's agent is bound to recommend reliable and trustworthy firms which will supply the ship with goods of proper quality and at reasonable prices.

The agent is also under duty to check all accounts for the goods supplied and services rendered to the ship. He is to verify the accounts and confirm that the prices charged are Hot beyond the current market price and that the calculations are correct.

Very often it is of some advantage to buy bonded goods. These are the dutiable goods which are stored in bonded warehouses under the control of customs and excise officers. These goods cannot be removed from the warehouse until the import duty is paid. However, no duty is imposed on these goods when they are delivered to a ship for the use of the ship's crew or the passengers, because they are thus, so to say, reexported. These bonded goods comprise mostly spirits, wines, perfumes,

cigarettes, tobacco, tea, coffee, cocoa, fruit, sugar and so on.

To obtain these goods, the Stores Authority form is filled up and signed in the presence of the customs and excise officers. Then this signed document is delivered to the shipchandler who supplies the ship with the goods. A victualling bill is required to get these goods aboard the ship.

To make the buying of provisions easier, the chief mate, who is usually in charge of this business, compiles a provision list beforehand and when the ship arrives at the port he hands it over to the shipchandler.

Fresh provisions may be ordered by telegraph or by radio either from the last port of call or when the ship is on her way.

Shipchandlers usually undertake to deliver the provision to the ship, charging additional expenses for delivery of these goods.

Captains or their chief mates seldom pay in cash for the provisions bought. As a rule, the captain signs the bill or invoice for the provisions received, and the shipchandler later presents these bills to the ship's agent

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who settles accounts with him on behalf of the ship. The agent then includes the amounts paid in the disbursement account and is, in turn, reimbursed by the steamship line.

DIALOGUES

1

CHIEF MATE. Well, Mr Nesfield, here is the list of provisions we need. Will you kindly look it through and tell me what you can supply us with and what your prices are?

SHIPCHANDLER. Let me see. Fresh meat is not available at the market at this season of the year. We have only salted and preserved meat in stock now.

CHIEF MATE. You see, we are not used to salted meat. Couldn't you obtain fresh meat from somewhere else?

SHIPCHANDLER. Well, we might obtain it if you are willing to pay a higher price and wait till it's brought here.

CHIEF MATE. How long will it take you to bring the meat here, I mean aboard our ship?

SHIPCHANDLER. I think we can manage that by tomorrow night or not later than the day after tomorrow, early in the morning.

CHIEF MATE. Well, there is no great urgency about the meat; we can wait till that time. How much will you charge us for the meat?

SHIPCHANDLER. We'll charge you 55 pence a kilo. The price is f. o. b. CHIEF MATE. And what is the regular price for meat? SHIPCHANDLER. The regular price is about 10 pence less.

CHIEF MATE. All right, I am willing to pay that price. Bring us fresh

meat by the day after tomorrow. What about other items of the list? SHIPCHANDLER. Potatoes are scarce at the market now. I am afraid, sir,

we can obtain no more than 3/4 of the quantity you want.

CHIEF MATE. 3/4, you say? I think it will suffice us till we reach Gibraltar. There we can buy some more. There is always a lot of that stuff there. How much are the potatoes?

SHIPCHANDLER. £ 9.30 a sack, sir.

CHIEF MATE. How much does a sack weigh? SHIPCHANDLER. It weighs about 40 kilos on the average.

CHIEF MATE. That'll do. Get as much as you can but mind the quality is good. If the potatoes are of inferior quality, we won't take them.

SHIPCHANDLER. Never mind the quality. We deal in the victuals for over 20 years and so far we had no complaints from our customers. What kind of fruit do you want, sir?

CHIEF MATE. I don't know what fruits are available at the market now, so I leave the choice to your discretion.

SHIPCHANDLER. Now is the season for grapes, pineapples and bananas, sir. Besides, we have oranges, apples and pears imported from Messina.

CHIEF MATE. Tell me the prices, please.

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SHIPCHANDLER. Grapes are £ 0.50, bananas £ 0.70, pineapples £ 1.10 a kilogramme.

CHIEF MATE. Wait a minute. Let me calculate, how much will that come to? Well, we want 300 kilogrammes of bananas, 100 kilogrammes of oranges, 50 kilogrammes of pineapples, and 500 kilogrammes of grapes. See that the fruit is ripe and fresh.

SHIPCHANDLER. All right, sir. I am sure you will be quite satisfied. Good-bye.

2

CHIEF MATE. Sit down, Mr Nordstrome, make yourself comfortable. Now, let's see what you've got in stock.

SHIPCHANDLER. To make it short, here is our price list. Cast a glance at it, and if you don't find what you want in it, I'll see what I can do for you.

CHIEF MATE. Oh, we don't want anything extraordinary. We just want

common things. Are the prices in the list quoted for one kilogramme? SHIPCHANDLER. Yes, sir, the prices are quoted for one kilogramme.

The prices are quoted in local currency.

CHIEF MATE. And what is the rate of exchange in American dollars or English pounds?

SHIPCHANDLER. 2 gulden and 65 cents are equal to one American dollar.

CHIEF MATE. How many gulden are equivalent to one English pound? SHIPCHANDLER. 4 gulden and 10 cents are equal to one English pound. CHIEF MATE. Oh, I see. But I must say your prices are rather high.

Take, for instance, fruits and vegetables; they are by far more expensive than in other ports. You must rebate a little.

SHIPCHANDLER. Well, these are local products and we can make a reduction for you if you are going to buy a reasonable quantity. As to meat, butter, flour, sugar and cheese, they are mostly imported goods and the prices are fixed, sir.

CHIEF MATE. It's too bad, as we are rather short of fresh meat. SHIPCHANDLER. We may offer you some fresh fish, sir. It's very good

and cheaper than anywhere in the world. The price is 75 pence a kilo. CHIEF MATE. What kind of fish do you mean?

SHIPCHANDLER. Mackerel, sir, the most delicious fish in the Mediterranean Sea. I'm sure you'll like it immensely.

CHIEF MATE. All right, I'll take 250 kilos, and 150 kilos of fresh meat. Put it down in your notebook, please. I'm going to place some more orders with you. What reduction can you make us on vegetables and fruit?

SHIPCHANDLER. What quantities are you going to take? CHIEF MATE. About 600-750 kilos altogether.

SHIPCHANDLER. Well, sir, I can make you a reduction of 10 per cent as against the prices in the price list.

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CHIEF MATE. That's settled then; write down, please: 100 kilos of cabbage, 50 kilos of carrots, 50 kilos of beetroots, 50 kilos of green peas, onions and garlic 50 kilos each, 250 kilos of potatoes, 100 kilos of egg-plants, 100 kilos of green sweet pepper, 10 kilos of parsley.

SHIPCHANDLER. Yes, sir, I've put it down. Anything else?

CHIEF MATE. Certainly. 50 kilos of lettuce, parsnips and other greens, too, at your option. Have you got melons and water-melons here?

SHIPCHANDLER. Yes, sir. It's just the season now. They are simply marvellous here.

CHIEF MATE. All right then, 250 kilos of melons and the same quantity of water-melons. That's about all. Have you put everything down?

SHIPCHANDLER. Yes, sir, I have. When do you want all these foodstuffs delivered?

CHIEF MATE. We want them delivered not later than tomorrow. Can you manage that?

SHIPCHANDLER. We'll do our best.

CHIEF MATE. That's good. How shall we pay you, in cash or through our agents here, Messrs. Hutchison & Co.?

SHIPCHANDLER. As you like, sir, it's just the same to me.

CHIEF MATE. If that's the case, then let's settle our accounts through our agents; it's more convenient for us. So make out a proper invoice and a bill for all the foodstuffs.

SHIPCHANDLER. All right, sir, everything will be as it should be. CHIEF MATE. Please see that all the victuals are absolutely fresh. SHIPCHANDLER. Certainly, sir. You won't have any cause to complain.

See you tomorrow. Good-bye.

3

CHIEF MATE. I say, Mr Parkinson, someone told me that bonded goods are cheaper. Is that true?

SHIPCHANDLER. Certainly, sir. You don't have to pay import duties on these goods.

CHIEF MATE. Suppose, we would like to buy something there. How could it be arranged?

SHIPCHANDLER. Oh, it's simple enough, sir. You just state what bonded goods and what quantities you want. I'll fill up this blank of Stores Authority and then you will sign it in the presence of the customs officer. That's all that you have to do, the rest I'll do myself.

CHIEF MATE. Yes, that seems rather simple. But first we must know what they have got in stock now. Could you get a list of bonded goods which they keep at the present time?

SHIPCHANDLER. I think I shall be able to manage that tomorrow. It won't be too late, will it?

CHIEF MATE. No, of course, not. It isn't so important after all.

4

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SHIPCHANDLER. Well, sir, we've brought the foodstuffs you ordered.

Will you please detail someone to take them aboard? There's the lorry alongside, waiting to be discharged.

CHIEF MATE. Wait a moment. I'll send someone to fetch the chief steward-who will receive the foodstuffs. You, please, go down with him and give him the invoice to check the products. I'll detail the third mate to help him.

5

CHIEF STEWARD. Put the sacks here. Let me have the invoice, please. Thank you. What is there in that parcel? Butter? Let me see. Where is that item? Oh, here it is. Item 21: butter 1st grade— 110 lbs. Let me put it on the scales. How much is that? 49.9 kilogrammes. The weight is correct. Mind if I taste it? The butter is good. What's next? Sausage?

SHIPCHANDLER. There are three different kinds of sausage here.

CHIEF STEWARD. Oh, I see. Evidently, items 7, 8 and 9. What's the total weight?

SHIPCHANDLER. The total weight must be 80 pounds.

CHIEF STEWARD. What do the scales show? 36.3 kilogrammes. Now, let me calculate. Oh, yes, that's the exact equivalent of 80 English pounds. The sausage looks absolutely fresh. No objection. Well, I think it's no use re-weighing other victuals.

SHIPCHANDLER. You may be quite sure that the weights are exact. CHIEF STEWARD. Yes, I know, I am not a greenhorn in this business.

"Honesty is the best policy", as you say. Well, what comes next? Cheese? Yes, the cheese. Wait a moment. I am afraid it's rather musty.

SHIPCHANDLER. No, you are mistaken. This is a peculiar sort of cheese. It must have some mould on the crust. Just cut it and you will see that it is extremely fine.

CHIEF STEWARD. Well, I don't know. Maybe you are right. I have to consult our doctor about that, he is a great connoisseur of cheese. What comes next?

SHIPCHANDLER. Rice. 3 bags of rice, 300 lbs, item 17.

CHIEF STEWARD. The rice is О. К. What else have we got here? Oh, meat! Let me see it. Well, I am sorry, Mr Johnson, but the meat is tainted. I cannot accept it.

SHIPCHANDLER. Let me smell the meat. Well, I am not sure that you are right. But still, if you insist on that, I'll have it substituted.

CHIEF STEWARD. Yes, do it please. The rest of the victuals are О.К. As soon as you substitute better meat for this, I'll report to the chief mate and he will sign the invoice and the bill for the goods received.

LABORATORY EXERCISES

I. Listen to the text of the lesson again and answer the following questions:

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1. Where do ships have to buy provisions sometimes? 2. What may they need besides the provisions? 3. Through whom are provisions bought in foreign ports? 4. Who is to recommend a shipchandler for the ship? 5. What is the agent to do with the shipchandler's accounts? 6. Must a ship pay customs duties if she buys bonded goods? 7. What document should be filled in to obtain bonded goods? 8. What person aboard the ship is in charge of buying provisions? 9. How can provisions be ordered before the ship arrives in the port? Who is to deliver the ordered goods aboard the ship? 11. Must the delivery of the provisions be paid for? 12. Must he provisions be paid for in cash? 13. Who is to sign the bills or invoices for the provisions? 14. Who is to sign the disbursement account before it is sent to the steamship line?

II. (a) Change from direct into indirect speech using the models. Model 1: He said, "Fresh meat is rather expensive."

He said that fresh meat was rather expensive.

1. They said, "Potatoes are scarce at the market." 2. She said, "Watermelons are marvellous this season." 3. He said, "The regular price is 3 shillings a pound." 4. He said, "The prices are quoted in the local currency."

Model 2: They said, "We can offer you fresh fish."

They said that they could offer us fresh fish.

1. She said, "We can send you the vegetables." 2. They said, "We can sell you all kinds of fruit." 3. He said, "I cannot accept that meat." 4. We said, "We cannot pay for the victuals in cash."

Model 3: She said, "The sausage weighs 30 kilos."

She said that the sausage weighed 30 kilos.

1. They said, "We charge you five shillings a pound." 2. He said, "I like these grapes." 3. She said, "We know where your ship is berthed." 4. We said, "We want 300 pounds of oranges."

(b) Translate into Russian:

1. She said that the meat was not tainted. 2. They said that they had various fruits in stock. 3. We said that we did not like that butter. 4. He said that he could bring fresh provisions every day. 5. I said that we did not have to buy bread. 6. They said that they were going to buy some fruit. 7. They said that there was no fish at the market. 8. She said that there were various foodstuffs at their shop.

III. Listen to the short dialogues, repeat each sentence during the pauses and

learn the dialogues by heart:

"Here is a list of provisions we want. Look it through, please." "I think we can supply you with everything you've listed."

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"Fine. Mind we are leaving tomorrow night. Can you manage everything by that time?"

* * *

"I am afraid the prices you quote are too high. We had offers at much lower prices."

"Well, we can make a reduction if you order sufficiently large quantities."

* * *

"How much are the bananas?" "Two shillings a bunch." "Are they ripe?"

"Oh, marvellous."

IV. Listen to each of the long dialogues again and retell briefly their contents from the point of view of: (a) one speaker, (b) the other speaker, (c) an onlooker.

Make your partner ask you about some details which you missed.

V. Write the dictation:

Our ships are provided in their home ports with everything they need for a normal run. However, they sometimes may run out of some stores. In this case they have to buy supplies in foreign ports. They buy fresh provisions through shipchandlers. Shipchandlers are trading companies which specialize in supplying ships with foodstuffs and commodities. The ship's agent usually recommends the most reliable and trustworthy firm which will supply goods of proper quality and at reasonable prices. The shipchandlers arrange a proper and timely delivery of the foodstuffs aboard the ship. According to contract the ship's agent is to see that the prices charged are not above the current market prices. The ship may buy bonded goods, which are cheaper than the goods sold at the local markets. Bonded goods are dutiable goods. But no duty is imposed on them when they are sold to a ship for use of the ship's crew or the passengers. Shipchandlers help the masters of ships to carry out necessary formalities when buying bonded goods. Our ships' captains rarely pay in cash for the provisions bought. They usually sign bills or invoices for the provisions taken aboard and the ship's agent settles the accounts with the shipchandlers on behalf of the ship.

VI. Practise in pairs enacting the following situations. You act as the chief mate, your partner acts as the shipchandler in (a), as the agent in (b), as the steward in (c).

Then you change your parts.

(a) You want to buy some provisions. You are discussing with the shipchandler the prices of foodstuffs you want buy and the quantities you need. You insist that he must make some rebate on the prices and in some cases he is willing to do it. You need for the ship 300 kilos of butter, 250

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kilos of kitchen butter, 100 litres of vegetable oil, preferably made of sunflower seeds, 400 kilos of fresh meat (beaf), 800 kilos of vegetables (potatoes, carrots, cabbage, tomatoes, onions, garlic) and some fruits which are available at the market at this season.

(b) You are asking your agent whether you can buy some bonded goods. He asks you what kind of bonded goods you want and tells you to fill up the stores authority blank form. You are interested to know the prices and he names them using local prices in their currency and for their standard measurement. You are trying to convert the prices and measurements into our usual standards to which we got used.

(c) You are helping your steward to check the victuals that have been brought by the shipchandler. You are holding in your hand the invoice the items of which you are verifying with the actual provisions brought. Now and then you ask the shipchandler about some explanations and tell him whether the steward is willing to accept or to reject some of the foodstuffs, giving appropriate reasons for that.

VII. Translate into English:

Садитесь, пожалуйста. Устраивайтесь поудобнее. На этот раз нам потребуется не так уж много провизии. У нас кончились запасы свежего мяса и овощей. Есть ли у вас сейчас на рынке в продаже свежее мясо? Есть? Это хорошо. Вы спрашиваете, сколько нам нужно мяса. Около полтонны. Какая цена мяса? 20 пенсов, вы говорите? Это цена за один килограмм? Понимаю, эта цена за 1 английский фунт. Значит, цена за килограмм будет около 150 пенсов. Когда вы сможете доставить мясо на судно? Только завтра? Дело в том, что мы должны выйти из вашего порта завтра не позже 8 часов вечера, поэтому мясо и другие продукты нужно доставить на судно к 11 часам утра. Что касается овощей, то я хотел бы просмотреть ваш список и прейскурант. Вы хотите сказать, что сейчас в наличии имеются лишь те продукты, которые отмечены в прейскуранте красным карандашом. Я вас правильно понял? Хорошо. Картофель

— 60 пенсов за мешок. А сколько весит один мешок? Вы говорите около 40 килограммов. Хорошо, цена немного выше обычной. Почему помидоры у вас такие дорогие? Понимаю, значит, сейчас у вас не сезон для помидоров. Морковь, свекла, капуста, лук, чеснок — все это имеется в продаже. Огурцов и зеленого горошка нет. Я должен сказать вам, что цены у вас довольно высокие. В порту, откуда мы сейчас пришли, цены значительно ниже. Какую скидку на стоимость провизии вы смогли бы нам дать? Нам нужно от 300 до 500 килограммов каждого сорта овощей. Сколько вы сказали? Около десяти процентов от общей стоимости провизии. Хорошо, я должен посоветоваться с капитаном.

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LESSON 14

ORDERING FUEL OIL AND OTHER TECHNICAL SUPPLIES

Words and Word Combinations

fuel oil - жидкое топливо

to ensure - обеспечивать, гарантировать margin - запас

unforeseen - непредвиденный

to entaif - влечь за собой, вызывать to decrease - уменьшать, убавлять to lead (tо) - вести (к)

lubricating oil - смазочное масло fresh water - пресная вода paints - краски

packing - набивка, уплотнение tools - инструменты instruments - приборы, аппараты

bunker suppliers - поставщики топлива advantageous - выгодный

to concern - касаться, иметь отношение (к) to compare - сравнивать, сопоставлять bunker fuel - зд. бункерное топливо

to offer - предлагать requirements - требования

to consider - рассматривать, обсуждать

to suit - годиться, соответствовать, удовлетворять (требованиям) to possess - обладать, владеть

sample - образец, проба

to submit - представлять (на рассмотрение, экспертизу) to assign - назначать, предназначать

to pump - качать насосом

shore attendant - береговой рабочий, обслуживающий подающий трубопровод

to ease down - уменьшать, убавлять ход (двигателя) pressure - давление pipeline трубопровод

point - температура вспышки viscosity - вязкость

to make out - уяснить, понять

to equal - равняться, быть равным

pour point - температура застывания (нефтепродуктов) capacity - емкость, вместимость

to top off - наполнять доверху

to put off - откладывать (дело, занятия) burlap - мешковина, дерюга

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