Кудинова Практическиы курс аглиыского языка для студентов международник Ч.1 2014

Conclusion:
1.	application (uncountable)	a)	определять что-либо
2.	according to sth	b)	применение, использование
3.	to appeal to sb	c)	тщеславие
4.	to determine sth	d)	появиться
5.	to succeed	e)	быть обреченным сделать что-либо
6.	to be destined to do sth	f)	запах
7.	vanity (uncountable)	g)	контактные линзы
8.	contact lenses	h)	иметь успех
9.	a feature	i)	свойство, функция
10. to pop-up		j)	согласно чему-либо, в зависимости от
11. scent		k)	нравиться кому-либо

6.If you did the summary thoroughly it will be easy for you to choose the correct variant:

1.When Rosalind wore the headband, she was surprised at:

a)how well the sensor worked.

b)how affected she was by the traffic.

c)how strong the signal was.

d)how comfortable it was to wear.

2.Steven's glasses will help people who are giving a talk by:

a)telling them if they forget to say things.

b)checking how nervous they're feeling.

c)signalling if they make a mistake.

d)helping them to remember things.

3.What is the current problem with Steven's glasses?

a)where they are worn

b)how much they cost

c)what they look like

d)the way they've been tested

4.What is the writer's view of Robert Langer's invention?

a)It is unlikely to work successfully.

b)It is a bad use of new technology.

c)He is sure people will laugh at it.

d)He is uncertain whether people will buy it.

5.In general, what does the writer think about 'smart' accessories?

a)They will soon be widely available.

b)Much more research is needed into them.

c)Only a few of them will prove to be useful.

d)They will only affect the lives of certain people.

Speaking: Technology: A blessing or a Curse?

1. Look at the cartoon. What do you think the title above it means? Why do you think the man is hiding from his laptop and cell phone?

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2. Work with a partner. Copy the chart into your copybooks, complete it with your opinion about how technology has either improved or diminished (=make worse) the quality of our lives. When you are finished share your views with the class. Split into proponents and opponents of technological advances and try to convince the other side of your being right. Use the vocabulary for expressing your opinion from Unit 1.

Technoligy	Ways it has improved our	Ways it has diminished the
item	quality of life	quality of our lives
Personal
computer
Cell phone
Cash dispencer
Personal stereo
The Internet
Satellite TV
Others (your ideas)

Vocabulary – Linkers: Should Mobile Phones be Banned in Public Places?

1. The sentences below describe some of the advantages and disadvantages of being rich. Underline the linkers (phrases that link the ideas together).

1.Rich people may not have to worry about paying the bills. However, wealth brings other worries of its own.

2.Whereas most of us worry about not having enough money, rich people worry about what to do with all the money they have.

3.Although being famous has its own rewards, it can mean o loss of privacy.

4.Rich and famous people find it hard to trust people; what is more, other people find it hard to behave naturally when they meet, for this reason, many famous people find it hard to make true friends.

5.Despite having achieved a great deal in life, many rich people still feel very insecure.

3.Choose the best linkers in the composition about mobile phones.

Many people have mixed feelings about the use of mobile phones in public places like restaurants and cinemas, (a) Whereas/ However they were almost

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unknown twenty years ago, these days they are part of everyone's life, and the world would now feel a strange place without them.

One of the strongest arguments in favour of banning mobile phones is the annoyance they cause other people.(b) Although / Despite people are always asked to turn off their mobiles when they go to the cinema, you can be sure that the film you are watching will be interrupted by the sound of at least five ringing tones! (c) Therefore J What is more many people insist on continuing

their conversation, (d) in spite of/even though hundreds of people can hear them

(e)Tor this reason / Besides many people would welcome a ban on mobile phones in places where they might irritate other people.

(f)On the other hand / Although there are a number of arguments against such a ban. It Is really difficult to stop people bringing their mobile phones Into public places, and (g) however / therefore it would be virtually impossible to enforce any ban. Some people would see this as an infringement of their rights, (h) even though / while other people would say they need them in case of an emergency. And (I) despite / besides being asked to turn their mobile phones off, some people insist on leaving them on, or simply forget to silence them. Perhaps the most important point is that, fl) although / in spite of all the disadvantages, many people these days simply feel that they can't live without their mobile-It seems to me that a ban on mobile phones would be pointless. People will always find a way round any ban. (k) Nevertheless / Although, people should be discouraged from using them in places like restaurants, unless it is absolutely necessary. People should be made aware that It's very bad manners to use them at certain times. (I) However / Furthermore, there will always be someone who thinks their call is much more important than other people's peace and quiet!

4.Now find English equivalents to these in the text:

1.запрещать что-либо

2.в защиту / пользу чего-либо, быть «за» что-либо

3.прерывать

4.рингтон

5.принять запрет на мобильные телефоны с радостью, энтузиазмом

6.практически, в сущности

7.узаконить запрет

8.ущемление прав

9.крайний случай, непредвиденная ситуация, требующая вмешательства

10.выключить звук на чем либо / заставить кого-то замолчать

11.найти способ обойти что-либо

12.быть бессмысленным

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13.убедить кого-то что-то не делать (дословно: разубедить что-либо делать)

14.быть в курсе, знать что-либо

5. Find synonyms to these words in the text or in the exercise above:

to know sth, to annoy sb, practically, to mute sth, to be no use, to prohibit sth, prohibition (uncountable).

Grammar: Linkers

1. Match the following linkers to their Russian equivalents.

1) despite	a) так как, из-за того, что
2) since	b) на самом деле
3) in case	c) с другой стороны
4) until	d) кроме того
5) on the other hand	e) также
6) yet	f) следовательно
7) moreover	g) в то время как
8) consequently	h) на случай, если
9) in fact	i) до тех пор, пока
10) also	j) хотя
11) even though	k) несмотря на
12) whereas	l) тем не менее

2. Give synonyms to the following linkers.
1) although	4) if	7) for this reason
2) despite	5) whereas	8) besides
3) as (= because)	6) however	9) as a result

3. Choose the correct word or expression for each sentence.

1.You can borrow my car unless / as long as you promise not to drive too fast.

2.I'm playing tennis tomorrow unless / providing it rains,

3.I'm playing tennis tomorrow unless / providing it doesn't rain.

4.I don't mind if you come home late unless / as long as you come in quietly.

5.I'm going now unless / provided you want me to stay.

6.I don't watch TV unless / as long as I've got nothing else to do.

7.Children are allowed to use the swimming pool unless / provided they are with an adult.

8.Unless /provided they are with an adult, children are not allowed to use the swimming pool.

9.We can sit here in the corner unless / as long as you'd rather sit over there by the window.

10.A: Our holiday cost a lot of money.

B: Did it? Well, that doesn't matter unless / as long as you enjoyed yourselves.

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4.Complete the sentences with although / in spite of / because / because of.

1.__________ it rained a lot, we enjoyed our holiday.

2.a) __________ all our careful plans, a lot of things went wrong.

b) __________ we'd planned everything carefully, a lot of things went wrong.

3.a) I went home early__________ I was feeling unwell.

b) I went to work the next day __________ I was still feeling unwell.

4.a) She only accepted the job __________ the salary, which was very high. b) She accepted the job __________the salary, which was rather low.

5.a) I managed to get to sleep __________ there was a lot of noise.

b) I couldn't get to sleep __________ the noise.

5. Choose the most suitable word or phrase in each sentence.

a)Many people feel nervous about flying, and worry about the possibility of an accident. Furthermore/However, according to statistics, flying is actually safer than walking down the street.

b)Our local supermarket no longer opens every day, as/on account of very few people live in our village.

c)There are a number of objections to the planned motorway. As well as this/First of all, the new road will destroy valuable farming land. In contrast/In addition to this, it will bring thousands of vehicles and tourists. As a result/For example, our peaceful way of life will be destroyed forever.

d)We conducted a survey of accommodation in the town, and came up with some interesting results. The hotels we saw were rather expensive, and consequently/moreover the actual facilities on offer were not always impressive. Besides this/In contrast, there were many guest houses, offering just bed and breakfast, which were not only good value but also had much better rooms than the hotels did. Finally/Personally, I would recommend The Oaks, a particularly impressive guest house in Long Harbour Road.

e)Owing to/Since the increased demand for parking spaces, the company has decided to enlarge the car park. Consequently/Nevertheless the exit road on the west side of the car park will be closed from Monday to allow building work to begin.

6. Rewrite each sentence, beginning as shown. Do not change the meaning.

Two sentences should be rewritten as one.

a)Despite the cold weather, we all went for a walk. Although _______________________________________

b)John has done well in French, but not so well in Maths. While __________________________________________

c)I tried to persuade her. I didn't succeed, however. Although _______________________________________

d)It was raining, but I went swimming anyway.

In spite of _______________________________________

e) Ann felt ill, but insisted on going to work.

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Despite _________________________________________

f) In spite of his early lead, Hudson lost the race.

Although ________________________________________

g)I'm not going to pay, although I know that I should. While __________________________________________

h)We expected Larry to accept the job, but he didn't. Even though Larry ________________________________

7.Decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each space.

Owning a car

Owning a car has several advantages. (1) __ you can go wherever you want, whenever you want. You don't have to depend on public transport and (2) you feel more independent. (3) __ you are able to give lifts to friends, or carry heavy loads of shopping. (4) __, there can be problems, especially if you live in a city. Running a car can be expensive, and you have to spend money on items (5) __ petrol, servicing the car, and repairs. You might also have problems with parking, as everywhere is becoming more and more crowded with cars. (6) __, most people feel that the advantages of owning a car outweigh the disadvantages. (7) __ most young people of my age start driving as soon as they can. (8) __, I think that cars nowadays have become essential, but I also feel that they cause a lot of problems, (9) __ they are noisy and dirty. (10) __, the large numbers of cars on the road means that most towns and cities are organized for the convenience of cars, and the needs of pedestrians are ignored.

1)	A First of all	B As a result	C Personally	D Besides this
2)	A however	B personally	C since	D as a result
3)	A In contrast	B In my view	C Besides this	D However
4)	A On the other hand	B To sum up	C Thus	D For example
5)	A as	B such as	C owing to	D then
6)	A Finally	B Secondly	C However	D As
7)	A For	B Next	C As well as this	D Consequently
8)	A For example	B Personally	C Nevertheless	D In comparison
9)	A for example	B however	C thus	D since
10)	A As a result	B Moreover	C Personally	D In comparison

8. Can you insert appropriate transitional words in the following sentences? In exercise A the category of transitional word is given. In exercise B you will have to decide which category is most appropriate.

A.

Our state's correctional system is plagued with problems, (a) ___________, (example) high officials increase their personal wealth by awarding building and catering contracts to disreputable companies in return for bribes, (b)

___________, (addition) promotions within the system are made on the basis of

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politics, not merit, (c) ___________, the system is filled ___________ (result) with people at the top who know little about what they are doing, (d)

___________, (addition) careless security measures, allowing trusted inmates to control certain operations of the institution, are part of the growing problem. But one increasing tendency in particular is doing harm to the system's image and efficiency. This is the tendency of officials who are charged with important tasks and who make faulty decisions to cover up their mistakes, (e)

___________, one would think that amid all the strife some effort ___________

(conclusion) would be made to rectify these problems, but a seemingly dogged determination to resist change overshadows the system.

B.

Genetic screening in business, or testing the genes of employees to see if they are susceptible to workplace-related diseases, may present problems for the tested, (a) ___________, the genetic screening tests and technology in general are in their infancy stages, (b) ___________, many physicians and health professionals doubt their reliability, (c) ___________, once genetic information is recorded on employees, it cannot always be kept secret. Even though employers are assured that their medical files are confidential, clerical staff have access to them, (d) ___________, if they are entered into a computer data base, they are available to anyone with access, (e) ___________, some argue that such screening procedures are violations of personal rights, (f) ___________, many cite similarities between genetic screening and drug testing, noting that both involve a process of obtaining information from unwilling individuals that might affect them adversely. Opponents of genetic screening point out that some employees with the potential for workplace diseases would rather run the risk than lose their jobs.

Grammar: Perfect Tenses

In small groups. You are going to find someone in the class who has done / been doing the things below. Take turns asking questions but first choose the best verb form. Which sentences could have both forms?

Find someone who...

1.has lost / has been losing some money recently.

2.has changed / has been changing their hairstyle in the last few months.

3.has gone / has been going out a lot recently.

4.has felt / has been feeling tired this week.

5.has broken / has been breaking an arm or leg.

6.has passed / has been passing an important exam this year.

7.has studied / has been studying a lot recently.

8.has already done / has already been doing all their homework this week.

9.has spent / has been spending a lot of money recently.

10.has been / has been going abroad this year.

11.has forgotten / has been forgetting things recently.

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12. has left / has been leaving something important at home today.

Listening: What’s in the News?

1.Look at the newspaper headlines. What do you think is the whole story?

2.Listen to three conversations about the stories. Which of your questions were answered? Before you listen make sure you know these words and phrases:

1.to survive, protection (uncountable), ordinary = common, to avoid sb/ sth/ doing sth, for a dare, to bet sb, weird.

2.a mountain-climber, to get stuck somewhere, to be trapped in sth, a rescue team, to rescue sb, to be safe and sound.

3.to hack into sb’s computer, to have to do with sth, to get to sth, to track sb down.

3. Here are the answers to some questions. What are the questions?

1.Just ordinary clothes.

2.For a dare.

3.Three hours.

4.In a shelter.

5.His own software program.

6.To download from the Internet.

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4. Do you remember any occasions when technology saved you a lot of

trouble? Discuss them with a partner. If you don’t remember any, invent one.

Technology: Always a Force for Good?

1.Look at the picture on the next page and imagine that you see it at an exhibition. Discuss with a partner what the artist wanted to say by this.

2.Before you read the text do the matching exercise to help you understand

it:

1.	undoubtedly	a)	слишком быстро
2.	benefit (noun), to benefit from sth,	b)	взаимодействовать с
	to benefit sb	c)	человек
3.	a human being	d)	создавать что-либо
4.	to be (un)aware of sth	e)	несомненно
5.	an opportunity of doing sth / to do	f)	выгода; приносить пользу
	sth	g)	следить за кем-то
6.	to speed communication	h)	современный, передовой
7.	to create sth	i)	важный, необходимый
8.	to interact with sth/ sb	j)	полезный способ потратить свое
9.	a rewarding way to spend time		время
10. ubiquitous		k)	загрузить что-то на сайт,
11. an employee			выложить в Интернет
12. to upload sth on a website/ on the		l)	(не) осознавать, (не) быть в
	Internet		курсе чего-либо
13. to spy on sb = to track sb		m) возможность сделать ч-л
14. advanced		n)	крайняя бедность
15. extreme poverty		o)	ускорять процесс общения
16. at much too fast a pace		p)	вездесущий, повсеместный
17. essential		q)	служащий, сотрудник

Technology has undoubtedly brought great benefits to human beings. However, it is important also to be aware of the dangers of technology. This article will present some of the disadvantages of technological advances.

People often mention the social benefits of the Internet. For example, users can communicate with people from all over the world and make friends with them. But

what is the result of 'chatting' with friends over the Internet for hours? People lose opportunities of meeting real people and having face-to-face contact.

Technology such as television, the Internet, mobile phones and email speeds communication but also creates isolated people who interact with

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machines rather than with other human beings. Young people sit for hours in front of their computers, like zombies, playing Internet games. Surely they could find a more useful and rewarding way to spend their time-One of the most dangerous effects of technology is that we have no privacy any more. Big Brother is constantly watching us and recording what we are doing. For example, CCTV (closed circuit television) is ubiquitous - it tracks our movements everywhere these days. In addition, many companies nowadays check up on their employees to find out what they are uploading on websites such as YouTube. Someone is always spying on us.

Throughout the world, rich countries are using technology to dominate poor countries. Multinational companies introduce advanced machines and computers into poor countries. However, does the technology benefit people in those countries? Often the result is that many workers lose their jobs and slip into a life of extreme poverty.

In conclusion, technology is developing at much too fast a pace. It should be our servant rather than our master. It is essential to control technology before it is too late - before it controls us.

3. Use the information in the box below and the vocabulary from ex. 1 to help you translate these sentences:

to doubt sth/ sb– verb сомневаться в чем-то, ком-то, быть неуверенным в; doubt noun–1) (used as uncountable) сомнение, колебание, нерешительность

– without doubt; 2) (often plural) неуверенность, неопределенность,

неясность – There are some doubts about your honesty.

a doubter noun– скептик, человек, склонный все подвергать сомнению doubtful adj – 1) (about a person) сомневающийся, нерешительный (по поводу чего-либо – about sth); 2) (about a thing) сомнительный,

вызывающий опасения, неясный, неопределенный. doubting adj –

колеблющийся, нерешительный

undoubtedly = doubtlessly adv – несомненно, бесспорно.

1.Не сомневайся в нем, он обещал, а значит, сделает.

2.Ее участие - необходимая составляющая моего плана.

3.Бесспорно, вы осознавали свою ответственность, когда загружали данное видео на наш сайт.

4.Но кому выгодно наше банкротство? – Оно будет выгодно Винсенту.

5.Гарри полон сомнений по поводу вашего предложения.

6.Результаты выборов пока неясны.

7.Когда мы начинали этот проект, мы не осознавали, какие трудности нас ждут.

8.Рене решил не создавать лишних проблем и отменил сомнительную сделку.

9.Я сомневаюсь в вашей непредвзятости в этом деле и требую другого адвоката.

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