жд 1 курс english

Министерство путей сообщения Российской Федерации Федеральное агентство железнодорожного транспорта

Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования

САМАРСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ ПУТЕЙ СООБЩЕНИЯ

М.В. Жесткова, С.Я. Никитина

АН Г Л И Й С К И Й Я З Ы К

учебно-методическое пособие для студентов 1 курса железнодорожных специальностей

Часть 1

Самара

2010

1

УДК 420 ББК

Ж 64

Рецензенты:

кандидат педагогических наук Самарский государственный университет путей сообщения

И.А. Зайцева;

кандидат филологических наук Самарский государственный медицинский университет

Н.В. Гончарова

Жесткова М.В.

Ж 64 Английский язык : учебно-методическое пособие для студентов 1 курса железнодорожных специальностей. Часть 1. / М.В. Жесткова, С.Я. Никитина. – Самара: СамГУПС, 2010. – 75 с.

Учебно-методическое пособие предназначено для студентов 1 курса железнодорожных специальностей дневной формы обучения. Цель данного пособия заключается в том, чтобы выработать у студентов навыки чтения, адекватного понимания и перевода текстов по специальности широкого профиля, а также активного владения основами грамматической системы современного английского языка.

УДК 420 ББК

© Жесткова М.В., 2010 © Никитина С.Я., 2010

© СамГУПС, 2010

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C O N T E N T S
Unit One. Higher Education
Text A Samara State University of Transport	4
Text B Learning at Samara State University of Transport	13
Grammar Review	19

to be, to have there + to be Possessive Case

Present, Past, Future Simple Active and Passive General and Special Questions

Unit Two. Traveling by Train
Text A Mistaken Identity (after M. Twain)	27
Text B The Man Who Took Notice of all the Notices	35
Text С Eurostar	39
Text for Additional Reading 4.50 from Paddington (after A. Christie)	44
Grammar Review	47
Present, Past, Future Continuous Active and Passive
Degrees of Comparison
Modal Verbs
Equivalents of Modal Verbs
Appendix
Watch the Film and Discuss It
(A) Traveling by “White Nights” Steam Express (Russia)	57
(B) Traveling through China	58
(C) Traveling through Andalusia (Spain)	60
Краткий грамматический справочник	62
Таблица неправильных глаголов	74

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U N I T O N E

H I G H E R E D U C A T I O N

T e x t A

S A M A R A S T A T E U N I V E R S I T Y O F T R A N S P O R T

( S S U T )

Ex. 1. Practice the reading of the words and phrases.

region, specialist, graduation, towards, company, industry, engineer, comprise, initially, faculty, construction, initiate, technical, structure, vehicle, service, install, kind, cover, event, among, various, recent, foreign, priority, intellectual, science, scientist, miniaturized;

higher educational institution, successful career, portfolio of courses and programs, extra-mural education, degree course, computing facilities, postgraduate student.

Ex. 2. Copy the following words and memorize their meanings.

1.access – доступ

2.advanced (= state-of-the-art, up-to-date) – современный, передовой

3.branch – филиал; отрасль

4.to comprise (= to contain, to include) – содержать, включать

5.to develop – развивать, разрабатывать

6.to equip with – оборудовать чем-л.

7.to employ – предоставлять работу; нанимать на работу

8.to establish (= to set up) – учреждать, основывать, создавать

9.facilities – аппаратура, оборудование; здания, сооружения

10.to increase (≠ to decrease) – увеличивать, возрастать

(≠ уменьшить, сокращать)

increasingly – всѐ больше

11.to offer (= to propose, to suggest) – предлагать; предоставлять

12.to operate – работать (о приборах, механизмах); эксплуатировать; приводить в движение, управлять (машиной, оборудованием)

13.recent – недавний, последний

14.research – (научное) исследование

15.staff – штат, персонал, сотрудники

16.structure – сооружение

17.to support – поддерживать

18.to take part in (= to participate in) – принимать участие в чѐм-л.

19.various – различный

20.vehicle – транспортное средство

Ex. 3. Translate the nouns into Russian and memorize their meanings. decrease, development, employee, employer, establishment, increase,

participation, participant, proposal, suggestion, support, equipment, offer, operation, railway operator.

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Ex. 4. Mind the translation of the words d e v e l o p and d e v e l o p m e n t .

to develop a project, to develop speed, to develop a system, to develop industry, the development of national economy, the development of new equipment, the development of a system, the development of transport.

Ex. 5. Read the sentences and translate them.

1.The railway transport played a very important role in industrial development of Britain during the 19th and early 20th centuries.

2.There are plans to open a new high-speed rail line between London, Manchester and Leeds running at up to 180mph. These plans are supported by two political parties.

3.The Trans-Siberian Railway was built according to the project proposed by the Minister of Railways K.N. Posyet (Посьет).

4.The railway bridge across the Amur river represents a solid (прочный) structure of metal and concrete almost 2,600 m long and 64 m high.

5.Competition between various kinds of vehicles is increasingly intensifying now.

6.Amtrak is the public company (акционерная компания окрытого типа), which

operates passenger trains in the US. It was set up by Congress in 1970.

7.The railway has a permanent staff of 1,500 and in addition, it employs seasonal staff during the summer period.

8.About 11% of the Konkan Railway (India) is laid down in tunnels. These tunnels are equipped with sensors to monitor air contamination (загрязнение), temperature and visibility.

9.The National Railway Museum is a museum in York, which contains a large collection of old railway carriages and locomotives, including the world speed record holder for steam locomotive, the Mallard. The museum is a branch of the Science Museum in London.

10.A.S. Yartsev suggested using cast iron (чугунные) rails instead of wooden ones in 1788.

11.Over the past 10 years, Spain has built 64 technologically advanced tunnels with a total length of over 170 km. This is part of a program to develop the country‟s high-speed rail network to decrease journey (поездка) times and increase train speeds.

12.The most state-of-the-art electronic equipment is used for controlling train movement: if changes are necessary, they are made automatically and with lightning speed.

13.A train station is a facility where trains regularly stop to load or unload passengers and/or goods.

14.On some railway lines, the operation of double-deck trains is limited by low bridges and tunnels.

15.The Central Pacific Railroad is a U.S. railroad company established in 1861 by a group of California merchants, including Mark Hopkins and Leland Stanford.

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	Ex. 6. Complete the sentences with a word from the list.
1.	On this dangerous section of track, trains usually ___ their	a)	branch
	speed.	b)	decrease
2.	The station building was a high wooden ___ with a curved
	roof.	c)	develops

3.Some of the new metro stations in Hong Kong will be ___ d) employed with high-speed lifts instead of conventional escalators.

4.Pavel Melnikov ___ George Whistler, a famous American e) equipped

railroad engineer, to be a consultant on the building of	f)	including
Russia‟s first major railroad, the Moscow-St. Petersburg
line.	g)	increasingly

5.In ___ years, the speed of passenger and freight traffic has h) offers been greatly increased.

6.	The railway operator ___ additional discounts for passengers	i)	operate
	traveling to Finland with children under the age of 17.	j)	operation
7.	The rail transport is a ___ of industry playing a very
	important role in economic life of our country.	k)	participate

8.Traveling by train from London to Norwich (184 km) takes l) recent exactly two hours, ___ stops.

9.	All the ___ was conducted behind a screen of secrecy.	m) research
10.	The middle part of the bridge is ___ by two huge towers.	n)	structure
11.	There are regular class discussions, but some of the students
	never ___.	o)	supported

12.Tell the mechanic to check the ___ of the braking system.

13.People ___ use the Internet to book train tickets.

14.Our best diesel locomotive ___ a speed of 170 km per hour.

15.About 250 trains ___ daily on the Shinkansen network, running at 7.5-minute intervals during the morning and evening rush hours.

Ex. 7. Read the sentences, replacing the italicized Russian words with their English equivalents.

1.Современный ticket-vending machines have been недавно installed at the railway station.

2.Railway transport is an important отрасль of industry employing thousands of people.

3.Our company предоставлять free technical поддержка for those buying our computer оборудование.

4.Professor Wilson was invited to speak about the results of his исследование.

5.We asked high school students to принять участие в an anti-drugs campaign.

6.No one wants to принимать на работу somebody who badmouths (=says unpleasant things about) their former работодатель.

7.Доступ to this confidential information was denied to journalists.

8.The company plans to увеличить its штат to 1,000 сотрудники.

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9.Regular servicing guarantees the smooth работа of the оборудование.

10.Such engineers as Frolov, Yartzev and Polsunov made great contribution (вклад) to the развитие of railway transport in Russia.

11.Различные транспортные средства are used for transporting passengers and freight over long distances.

12.The first suspension bridges (подвесные мосты) were made of six strong cables, four of which поддерживать a platform and two cables served as handrails.

13.Siemens has won a contract to оборудовать China‟s first 300km/h line with signaling and communications equipment.

14.At the end of the conference, all the участники were asked to fill out a questionnaire.

15.The track gang (путевая бригада) must inspect a railway track and track сооружения all year round.

Ex. 8. Change one word in each sentence so that it makes sense.

1.You need a password to get support to the computer system.

2.All high-comfort passenger cars are offered with the air-conditioning system.

3.Many state-of-the-art vehicles can be seen in the Transport Museum.

4.It is a multi-national corporation with 140,000 employers worldwide.

5.One of the world‟s oldest universities was developed in Egypt in the 10th century.

6.We will need a reference (рекомендательное письмо) from your last participant before we can employ you.

7.The use of modern research makes loading/unloading of freight cars easier and quicker.

8.The stone arch bridge is one of the town‟s oldest developments.

9.After the reconstruction of the old railway bridge, the speed of trains will be decreased.

10.Track-laying machines (путеукладчики) and other up-to-date staff are used in railway construction.

	Ex. 9. Choose the appropriate alternative to translate the words and phrases.
1.	available
	a) имеющийся в распоряжении			b) удобный	c) полезный
2.	students‟ body
	a) количество студентов		b) здание института		с) студенты
3.	students‟ hall
	a) столовая		b) концертный зал		с) общежитие
4.	to enjoy services
	a) выбирать услуги	b) пользоваться услугами			с) служить
5.	to focus on
	a) установить фокус		b) сосредоточиться		с) освещать
6.	to grant a status
	a) предоставить статус		b) получить статус		с) иметь статус
7.	to install
	a) ставить		b) внедрять		с) устанавливать
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8.	to keep fit
	a) быть в форме	b) носить форму	с) купить форму
9.	to meet the needs
	a) требовать	b) отвечать потребностям	с) встречать
10. former student
	a) первокурсник	b) будущий студент	c) бывший студент
	Ex. 10. Match the	English phrases in column	A with their Russian

equivalents in column B.

	A		B
1 .	academic staff	a )	строительство железных дорог
2.	to cover interesting events	b)	конкурс талантов
3.	department	c)	сетевые ПК
4.	Doctorate degree holder	d)	университетский городок
5.	intellectual contest	e )	кафедра
6.	job market	f)	широкий спектр услуг
7.	to maintain contacts	g)	перечень (разнообразие) курсов
8.	networked PCs	h)	освещать интересные события
9.	online news services	i )	учебный полигон
10.	PhD paper	j)	профессорско-преподавательский состав
11.	portfolio of courses	k)	рынок труда
12.	railway construction	l)	КВН
13.	simulation test ground	m) доктор наук
14.	talent show	n)	кандидатская диссертация
15.	university campus	o)	поддерживать контакты
16.	wide range of services	p)	новости в режиме онлайн

Ex. 11. Read the sentences, replacing the Russian words/phrases with their English equivalents from the list, and translate them.

1.For the students of факультет дневного a) admission

обучения, the complete course of studies at

	most technical higher schools lasts 5 years.	b)	competition
2.	Students of the факультет заочного обучения
	have the opportunity to get высшее	c)	Electrical Engineering
	образование, combining work and study.
3.	Paul закончить from Stanford University with	d)	enter
	a degree in электротехника.
4.	It is difficult to поступить Moscow University	e)	extra-mural faculty
	because the конкурс is always intense there.
5.	A recent study of Open University выпускники	f)	Faculty of Continuing
	found that students aged 60-65 had better		Education Development
	results than any other age group.
6.	Приѐм to the University of Transport is on the	g)	full-time faculty
	basis of the applicants‟ results in the Unified
	State Examination for the secondary school.
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7.	15 teams representing 8 different cities						h)	graduated
	participated in the volleyball соревнование
	organized by our higher school.						i)	graduates
8.	For those graduates who want to continue their
	education, our University has a аспирантура.						j)	higher education
9.	The Kuibyshev Railway has its own system of
	education and professional training. This						k)	higher educational
	system	includes	средние			школы,		institution
	профессионально-технические					училища,
	техникумы, and a ВУЗ.						l)	post-graduate course
10.	Our	University	has	a	факультет
	дополнительного		образования;			railway	m)	secondary schools
	engineers may take courses for improving their
	qualification once in six years with or without						n)	technical schools
	discontinuing work.
							o)	vocational schools
	Ex. 12. Mark the difference between the following pairs of words.
	only – только					the only – единственный
	train – поезд					to train – готовить, обучать
	stock – запас; подвижной состав					to stock – иметь в наличии
	house – дом					to house – вмещать, содержать
	number – число, количество					to number – насчитывать
	close – тесный; близкий					to close – закрывать
	high school – средняя школа					higher school – вуз

Ex. 13. Translate the sentences, paying attention to the constructions:

either…or – или…или…, либо..либо … neither…nor – ни…ни…

1.She graduated from either Harvard or Oxford.

2.Neither Ann nor Helen participated in the conference.

3.The passenger buys a ticket either at the station or on the train at a higher fare.

4.I either lost the ticket on my way to the station or left it at home.

5.We can leave either today or tomorrow – whichever you prefer.

6.We have neither time nor money to go on holiday.

7.He asked for a transfer to the company‟s branch either in Paris or in London.

8.This summer, we can go either to Paris or to Rome. What do you choose? – I want to go neither to France nor to Italy. Can‟t we go to Portugal instead?

9.You can get to that part of the city either by bus or by underground.

10.Neither Siemens nor Bombardier won the contract to supply signaling equipment for the new high-speed line.

11.These days, electric trains can be controlled either by a driver or by means of Automatic Train Control System.

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Ex. 14. Read the text and translate it.

S A M A R A S T A T E U N I V E R S I T Y O F T R A N S P O R T (SSUT)

Samara State University of Transport is the only higher educational institution in the Volga region, which trains specialists for railway transport. SSUT has a strong orientation towards the job market; it offers a broad portfolio of courses and programs, which meet the needs of our students and their employers. Many former students have started a successful career in the rail industry after their graduation from Samara State University of Transport. The University is playing an increasingly important role for local companies and the region‟s development.

Our higher school was set up in 1973 as Kuibyshev Railway Engineering Institute. The first admission comprised 75 students. Initially, two faculties were opened: Railway Operation Faculty and Railway Construction Faculty. They were located in a building at 18 Bezymyanny pereulok.

In 2007, our higher school was granted University status. The University has branches in the cities of Orenburg, Orsk, Ruzaevka, Ufa. SSUT initiated the establishment of the University complex including railway technical schools in Samara, Orenburg, Penza, Rtishchevo, Saratov, Kazan, Ufa and other towns.

The University has three institutes – Institute for Transport Engineering1, Institute for Transport Structures and Vehicles2, Institute for Transport Economics and Management; three faculties – Transport Faculty of Electrical Engineering; Extra-Mural Faculty and Faculty of Continuing Education Development. Teaching is provided either in the full-time form or in the form of extra-mural education. There are thirty-seven departments; sixteen departments offer degree courses.

Staff and students enjoy a wide range of computing services. State-of-the-art computing facilities support teaching, learning and research activities. Over 1200 computers are installed in forty-five computer classes. Access is available to all kinds of electronic information, including bibliographic databases, electronic journals and online news services. These are also available mostly on networked PCs. The scientific library stocks over 800 thousand books and periodicals.

Samara State University of Transport runs its own website. Two University papers cover the most interesting events of the University life.

SSUT contains fourteen buildings equipped with the latest facilities. The University has a simulation test ground (miniaturized railway station operating in real time) which is the best among railway higher schools. It houses over forty most advanced vehicles.

The students‟ body is over 10 thousand. The academic faculty numbers over

700 people, among them 80 are Professors and Doctorate degree holders and over 360 have PhD degree in various sciences. All education is linked to research. 85% of academic staff are research active. 200 postgraduate students write their PhD papers.

In recent years, Samara State University of Transport has been focusing on the cooperation with leading foreign universities. Close contacts are maintained with higher schools of Great Britain, Germany, Sweden, Poland, Ireland.

A large number of SSUT students come from other towns or regions. There are four students‟ halls close to the University campus.

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