Informatika_Лекц1
.pdf
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ISO 8859-5.
ISO 8859-5 
10 
25510)
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7-
-7
8-
10 
10)
MS
IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority 
Internet
IBM866 
CP866.
DOS Cyrillic (CP866, 
10 
10)
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Microsoft |
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ASCII |
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code page, |
CP). |
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Microsoft |
Windows |
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1.1. |
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Microsoft Windows |
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CP) |
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DOS |
DOS |
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ANSI |
Mac |
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(OEM) |
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(OEM) |
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CP |
CP |
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Secondary |
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Primary CP |
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CP |
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English (United States) |
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1252 |
10000 |
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437 |
850 |
English (Brit |
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1252 |
10000 |
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850 |
437 |
French (Standard) |
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1252 |
10000 |
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850 |
437 |
German (Standard) |
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1252 |
10000 |
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850 |
437 |
Russian |
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1251 |
10007 |
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866 |
855 |
Microsoft Windows
CP1251 
CP1251 
10 
10)
Linux 
-8R 
1.7), 
KOI8-R (http://koi8.pp.ru/).
1.7
KOI8-R 
10 
10)
-8 KOI8-U 
1.8), 
KOI8-R
1.8
KOI8-U 
10 
10)
Macintosh 
Apple
CP10007,
CP1251 
x-mac-cyrillic 
1.9).
1.9. Macintosh Cyrillic, CP10007 
10 
10)
Unicode Consortium
Borland, IBM, Lotus, Microsoft, Novell, Sun, WordPerfect 
The Un-
icode Standard
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Windows 
, 2003, XP, Vista
Unicode
UTF-16
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Linux
Unicode (UTF-8
Unicode 
220+216
ISO 8859-1
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;
ASCII. 
Unicode (
040016 
04FF16).
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Unicode |
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Unicode |
planes |
536 (= 216 |
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(BMP Basic Multilingual Plane) |
(SMP Supplementary Multilingual
2,
Supplementary Ideographic Plane (SIP),
Unicode 
Unicode 
UTF (Unicode Transformation Format): 7-
UTF-7 
RFC2152
UTF-7
-
UTF-8 (RFC2279
UTF-8
Unicode
ISO 8859-5 
KOI8-R
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10
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ASCII 
Greek, Cyrillic, Coptic, Armenian, Hebrew 
Arabic
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UTF-8 |
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UTF-8 |
Notes |
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(hexadecimal) |
(binary) |
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000000 - 00007F |
0xxxxxxx |
ASCII |
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000080 - 0007FF |
110xxxxx 10xxxxxx |
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000800 - 00FFFF |
1110xxxx 10xxxxxx |
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10xxxxxx |
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010000 - 10FFFF |
11110xxx 10xxxxxx |
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10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx |
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1. |
1.11. |
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CP1251. |
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CP1251 Cyrillic Windows |
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CP866 Cyrillic DOS |
MS DOS; |
ISO 8859-5 Cyrillic ISO 8- |
ASCII ; |
KOI8-R |
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CP10007 
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UTF-8 
Unicode 
.
1.2.2
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4
8, 16 
32-
8-
A2 = 111111112 
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N- |
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8- |
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216 - |
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28 - 1 |
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= 255, |
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16- |
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32 - 1 = |
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4 294 967 295. |
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0 |
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N |
A |
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A
.
- 
-
11111111, -2
-
128 
-
-2 147 483 
147 483
X 
, 
X = 
M NP;
M 
), N 
P 
X = 
M 10P, 
X = 
M 2P.
2 |
10 |
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S P M
S 
.
, 
IEEE-754-1985 (Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers - http://www.ieee.org/
3 
.3).
-
.3
IEEE-754-1985
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single |
32 |
3.4 10-38 |
3.4 1038 |
6 |
1,192 10-7 |
double |
64 |
1.7 10-308 |
1.7 10308 |
15 |
2,221 10-16 |
long double |
80 |
3.4 10-4932 |
3.4 104932 |
19 |
1,084 10-19 |
1.2.3 
pixel
(bit map, dot matrix, raster)
. 
(resolution
768 1280 800, 1280 |
, 17 19 ), |
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DVD- |
, |
720 ( |
HDTV |
1080i p). |
|
(color model)
RGB- Red-Green-Blue
24
RGB 
RGB 
RGB-
CMYK-
(Cyan-Magenta-Yellow-blacK
- (0,0,0,1
- (1,0,0,0
- (0,1,0,0
- (0,0,1,0
HSV (Hue-Saturation- Value
HLS (Hue-Lightness-Saturation