Unit 11

Grammar: Participle (Passive and Perfect Forms)

TEXT11 A

Radio and television

The radio is probably the only invention, which has found universal recognition and application in a comparatively short time.

Radio supplies the communication service, which is so essential to the modern world, and meeting these needs it has become a rapidly developing industry itself. It is from radio that the subject of electronics was born which being applied to automation brought such remarkable changes to the technique of to-day.

The fastest, most reliable way to detect an artificial satellite and to determine its orbit is by radio. It is by means of radio that we receive most of the information collected by the satellites at the borders of space. Without radio we should be hardly able to observe them at all. Indeed, radio makes it possible to follow them even when they are too small to be visible.

More obvious still is the ever-growing influence on mankind of radiobroadcasting, both sound and television. Along with the construction of television centers powerful relay-stations located at considerable distances from the main television centers are being built. Extensive work is also being carried on in the field of colour television.

Having already made remarkable progress, radio and television continue to develop and to find wider and wider application in science, industry and agriculture. They enable us to measure distances on land and water, to see through the surface. Specially designed radio and television sets can be found on board a ship, on board a plane, on the very bottom of the sea.

Radio and television are not only the reliable means of communication but also effective means of education people , speading knowledge and ideas and raining the cultural level of the population.

Broad casting based on digital coding has revealed many advantages over conventional bread casting. It consist in converting sound–waves into series of digits and their subsequent transmission in the form of monofre quential pulses. A signal is then received and after amplification is sent to the acoustic system for reproduction. Digital coding enhances the quality of broad casting, makes it possible to reduce considerably the size of new receiver – decoders. In digital broadcasting more than one station can use one and the same wavelength without interference.

These few examples give but a poor idea of what other uses radio and television might still find in various spheres of life and how much they would contribute to the further progress of science.

Answer the questions:

1) What invention has found universal recognition and application in a comparatively short time?

2) What are the advantages of the radio?

3) What can you say about the influence of radio and television on mankind?

4) Where do radio and television find wider and wider application?

Exercises:

1.Translate the following adjectives paying attention to the suffixes –able, -ible.

usable, measurable, solvable, changeable, connectable, observable, remarkable, detectable, applicable, reliable, variable, visible, considerable.

2.Translate the following nouns paying attention to the suffixes –ation (-tion,-ion) .

invention, recognition, application, communication, automation, information, construction, consideration, station.

3.Form words after the models and translate them:

to move – movement;

to develop –

to improve –

to measure –

4.Form words with opposite meaning by adding the prefixes: un-, in-, im-, il-, ir-, dis-;

probable –

essential –

to connect –

visible –

logical –

able –

known –

to charge –

regular –

proper –

5.Translate the following words and state their parts of speech :

reception, powerful, comparatively, various, agriculture, constantly, darkness, universal, rapidly, electronics, influence.

6.Translate the following word-combinations:

universal recognition, a comparatively short time, to be essential to, to meet needs, a rapidly developing industry, remarkable changes, the most reliable way, to detect an artificial satellite, to determine the orbit by radio, by means of, the borders of space, the ever-growing influence of radio broadcasting, on board a ship, to contribute to the progress of science.

7.Translate into English:

• придбати світове визнання;

• за порівняно короткий час;

• найнадійніший засіб;

• виявити супутник;

• визначити орбіту супутника;

• зростаючий вплив;

• знайти застосування в науці та промисловості.

8.Translate the sentences paying attention to different meanings of the words in bold type:

1) For our experiment we must take the mean of several temperature measurements.

2) We must strive by all possible means to complete the experiment in time.

3) We receive most of the information by means of radio and television.

4) The word “television” means seeing objects at a great distance.

9.Translate the following international words:

television, radio, technique, automation, relay – station, design, information, satellite.

10.Make up pairs of the following words and translate them into Ukrainian:

extensive pictures

communication current

artificial satellite

moving service

up – to – date work

electric technique

11.Make up sentences according to the following model:

1) Having made remarkable progress, radio and television continue to develop.

2) It is by means of radio that we receive most of the information.

12.Find synonyms among the following words:

wide, tall, broad, high, great, hard, large, changeable, difficult, variable

13.Translate the sentences paying attention to different meanings of the word “carry”:

1) The word “broadcasting” carries the idea of lectures, music and information of any kind sent out from a radio transmitting station to an unlimited number of receiving stations.

2) Intensive research is being carried on in the field of electronics.

3) Within the next few years this plan will be carried out.

14.Connect the following sentences using adverbial participle clauses:

1) Television sets are made according to special designs. They make visible the resources of the earth and of the ocean.

2) Engine drivers will use special television devices designed for application in railroad transport. They will be able to see in the dark.

3) Radio is the fastest way to detect an artificial satellite. It is largely used for that purpose.