FD-301_vsyo / Subj / 746-Entrepreneurship. Предпринимательство

УРАЛЬСКИЙ СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЙ ИНСТИТУТ АКАДЕМИИ ТРУДА И СОЦИАЛЬНЫХ ОТНОШЕНИЙ

Кафедра иностранных языков

ENTREPRENEURSHIP

ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЬСТВО

Методические рекомендации для студентов III курса

(английский язык)

Челябинск

2010

Entrepreneurship. Предпринимательство: Методические рекомендации для студентов III курса (английский язык) / Сост.: Г.В. Данилова; УрСЭИ АТиСО. –

Челябинск, 2010. – 44 с.

Методические рекомендации составлены в соответствии с государственным образовательным стандартом высшего профессионального образования.

Сборник включает тексты и упражнения для чтения и развития профессиональных речевых навыков.

Методические рекомендации по теме «Entrepreneurship» предназначены для студентов III курса экономических специальностей.

Составитель	Данилова Г.В., канд. фил. наук, доцент, зав. кафедрой
	иностранных языков УрСЭИ АТиСО

Рецензент	Кислицына С.В., канд. фил. наук, доцент кафедры
	иностранных языков УрСЭИ АТиСО

Рекомендовано к изданию редакционно-издательским советом УрСЭИ

© Уральский социально-экономический институт Академии труда и социальных отношений, 2010

© Данилова Г.В., 2010

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Предисловие

Методические рекомендации для студентов III курса для работы над темой

«Entrepreneurships» («Предпринимательство») представляют текстовый материал и задания для устной речи. Они являются тематическим дополнением к учебнику «World of Work» (авторы: Колесникова Н.Н., Данилова Г.В.,

Девяткина Л.Н., Гарузова Л.В.) и могут быть использованы при работе над разделом VI.

Задачи данных методических рекомендаций:

–расширить и закрепить профессиональный словарь;

–дать дополнительный и современный материал для обучения работе с текстом и развития навыков профессионального общения.

Втекстах и диалогах рассматриваются структура компании, проблемы предпринимательства, вопросы организации малого бизнеса, составления бизнес-плана. Тексты сопровождены заданиями на проверку понимания,

активизацию специальной лексики. Здесь представлен дополнительный материал для индивидуальных творческих заданий, для самостоятельной работы над темой. В работу включены таблицы, анкеты, кроссворд, бланки для заполнения, что дает обширный материал для активной работы. Многие задания рекомендуется выполнять в группах по 3-4 студента. Тексты и задания могут быть использованы выборочно. Дополнительные тексты 2-й части рекомендуется взять для домашнего чтения. Разнообразие вопросов, ситуаций,

текстов позволяет участвовать в обсуждении таких тем, как «Хочу ли я быть предпринимателем?», «История российского предпринимательства», «Проблемы бизнеса», «Что сделать, чтобы добиться успеха?»

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Part I

Text 1. Business Structure

1. Read and translate the text.

Each company whether it is large or small has its business structure. Many companies have much in common in their structures. Top Management of a corporation consists of the board of directors and the executive officers. The board of directors determines basic company policies and appoints the executive officers. These officers include a chairman оf the board or chief executive officer (CEO), a president, and a number of vice presidents. They are responsible for carrying out the decisions of the board of directors and the stockholders. The executive officers also select the managers of the various departments of the corporation. The Managing Director (sometimes called the Chief Executive, or the President in Russia or the USA) is the head of the company.

The Chairman of the Board is in over-all control and may not be the head of any one department. Under him there are executive managers, responsible for the work in different departments.

The number of departments in a corporation depends on the size of the company and on the nature of the goods and services that it provides. For example, a corporation with many employees may need a personnel department. A manufacturing firm may need a research department to study ways of developing new products or improving existing ones. Most corporations have departments that handle three basic business activities – production, finan ce, and marketing.

The Production department consists of several divisions: Production, Packaging, Distribution, Quality and Maintenance. The Marketing department plans how to sell new products and may include Advertising division as well. There may be several divisions in the Finance department connected with customer accounts, wages and salaries, financial services, taxation, investment and cash management. Personnel department recruits new employees and organizes training courses.

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The above-mentioned departments are headed by managers. The Manager is in charge of its day-to-day running, and he reports to the Director. The Director is responsible for strategic planning and for making decisions.

Various personnel in each department report to the manager. For example, the Sales Representative reports to the Sales Manager – the head of the Sales department which sells the products and sends them to the customers.

The high-technology products of today will be obsolete tomorrow, if not sooner. Things are changing so fast that the service industry sector can hardly keep pace with its clients' ever-increasing demands. Nobody really knows where the global economy is going. Conglomerates are merging and de-merging all the time. For corporations to succeed in the 21st century they need to break all the rules about structuring and running their business.

In place of old corporate pyramid with work passed down the line from the top, what more and more companies are doing is operating with just a small core of permanent employees and pushing most of their work out to a network of affiliates.

Before starting your business, while producing a business plan, you should think of the business structure of your future enterprise so it includes all necessary specialists for your firm. Creating the suitable business structure may be one of the parts of your business success.

2. Match the jobs with their descriptions:

1.	Managing Director	A. He makes the product which the
		company sells.
2.	Secretary	B. He buys all the things that the
		company needs.
3.	Finance Director	C. His job is to make sure that the
		company has a good image.
4.	Chief Accountant	D. His job is to find and test new
		products.
5.	Human Resources	E. He is responsible for everything when
		the boss or Director is away.
6.	Purchasing Manager	F. She types letters, files papers, makes
		appointments for the boss.
7.	Assistant General Manager	G. He has general responsibility for the
		whole company.
8.	Director of Research and Development	H. His job is to make sure that the
		company produces the goods which
9.	Production Manager	people want to buy.

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10.	Marketing Director	I. He does the books and prepares the
		balance sheets.
11.	Sales Director	J. He is the company's people manager.
		K. He is in charge of people who sell
12.	Public Relations Manager	L. He looks after the company's money

3.Speak about a company structure.

4.Let the interpreter (C) translate B’s words from English into Russian.

“Fame and fortune are possible in Russia”,

proves a young businessman in the textile industry. He came to Moscow from Dubai

UAE for 6 months.

A.- How long have you been doing your business in Russia?

B.- My business has been here in Moscow for the past 2 years

A.- Why did you choose Russia?

B.- Russia remains one of the very few markets where you can have instant cash transactions. Many countries today worldwide have a credit payment system. This gives an investor an interest to open a business in Russia. Moreover, it's a very big market.

A.- What are the advantages and disadvantages of doing business in Russia?

B.- Advantages: instant cash, good possibility for expansion.

Disadvantages: lots of paper work, incomprehensible laws and rules, difficulties with

wiring money and communication in Russian.

A.- What obstacles did you face while becoming a businessman? Comment on how it has developed your character.

B.- The main obstacle I met on my way to becoming a businessman was the Russian language. Because I didn't speak fluent Russian, it was difficult to get the company started and many documents were needed which in my opinion were irrelevant. This made me feel the necessity to speak Russian in order to survive here. The formation of the company (registration, opening a bank account - local and international currency, tax authority registration and many funds) was the hardest part. Now that I work, the main problem comes with accounts. Many papers are needed to get any small transaction processed. The one thing that kept me going was patience.

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A.- What is your recipe for success?

B. - I don't consider myself successful yet. But I would define the recipe of success as 98% hard work and 2% luck. Sometimes the 2% can overshadow your hard work.

A.- How do you begin your day? What do you do to keep fit?

B.- I begin my day hearing the alarm of my mobile phone. I actually don't do anything special to stay in good form. I just take a shower, shave and wear clean clothes and I am as good as new to go to the office and start a new day.

A.- Which qualities do you think a person should possess to gain authority in the world of business? Could you point out the moral laws and the rules of doing business?

B.- The qualities a person should possess to gain authority in the business world are all the qualities of a good leader. A good leader should listen more and speak less, maintain supervision of all activities from the big ones down to the smallest in the company. A person should have lots of patience and courage to withstand the ups and downs of his business. The company’s work should be equally distributed among all the members of the staff.

A.- Could you give any advice to people launching their own business?

B.- We should try thinking “how can it be done”, not “is it possible?”. Once you get into it, you will definitely do something worthy. Don't worry, keep full confidence and you will achieve your goal for sure.

5. Discuss the problem of Russia attractiveness to foreign business. Make use of helpful phrases from the list below.

Opinion. Agreement and Disagreement.

I think…	Я думаю…
I believe…	Я полагаю…
I suppose…	Я считаю, полагаю …
It seems to me…	Мне кажется…
In my opinion…	По моему мнению…
To my mind	По-моему…
I believe so.	Думаю, что так.

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I think you are right.

Quite right.

As far as I know…

If I am not mistaken…

I agree with you.

That’s true.

I am of the same opinion.

I don’t agree (disagree) with you. I’m afraid you are wrong.

It isn’t quite so.

I object to it.

I doubt it.

You are mistaken.

I don’t think so!

Far from it!

I don’t think you are right.

Думаю, что ты прав.

Верно!

Насколько мне известно… Если я не ошибаюсь… Я согласен с вами.

Это верно.

Ятого же мнения

Яне согласен с вами.

Боюсь, вы не правы.

Это не совсем так.

Явозражаю.

Ясомневаюсь.

Ты ошибаешься.

Не думаю (едва ли)!

Совсем не так! Далеко не так!

Я не думаю, что ты прав.

Text 2. Corporation

1. Read the text. Make a list of economic terms necessary for speaking about companies.

Corporation is an institution formed by people who obtain a charter giving them certain legal rights and privileges. A corporation can own property, buy and sell, and manufacture products. Business corporations are the most common type of corporation. It is an institution established for the purpose of making profit. In the United States business corporations make up only about 15 percent of all business enterprises but they account for more than 75 per cent of all business assets. Business corporation is operated by individuals whose shares of ownership are represented by stock certificates. People owning stock certificates are called stockholders.

If you want to form a corporation, first of all, you should apply for a Corporate Charter. After you obtain the charter the stockholders, as owners, hold a meeting to

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organize the corporation. They elect the Board of Directors, adopt by-laws and choose the company's officers. Though the officers of the company supervise daily management, the stockholders always have the final authority. They vote at annual meetings. But there are two varieties of stock, preferred and common. Preferred stock does not extend voting rights in the corporation to stockholders but gives holders the first claim on the company's assets after the debts are paid. Only the common stock gives stockholders voting rights. Corporations reward stockholders for their investments by giving them part of the profits. These payments are called dividends.

The corporate form of ownership has several advantages. The first is its ability to attract financial resources. A second advantage is that if the corporation attracts a large amount of capital, it can make large investments in plants, equipment and research. A third is that a corporation can offer high salaries and thus attract talented managers. And the main advantage is that the owners - the stockholders - have limited liability. If the corporation fails, they can lose no more than their investments, but not the personal assets.

Business corporations may be public or private. The most common type is the public corporation, which obtains funds by selling ownership shares, called capital stock, to large numbers of investors. A public limited company must put the letters PLC after its name. A PLC has at least two members but not maximum since it can offer its shares for sale to the public and may, therefore, have hundreds of thousands of shareholders, who have one vote for each share they own. Shareholders cannot sell their shares back to the company but they can sell their shares to the people who wish to buy on the Stock Exchange. The price of shares will go up if the PLC is making good profits and will go down if it is not doing so well. The stock in most large corporations is widely distributed, but a person who succeeds in buying 51 per cent of the shares can gain control of a PLC.

Private limited companies, unlike public corporations, have a limited number of owners - at least two, but usually not more than fifty members, who provide the capital which is divided into shares. Some private corporations are large firms. But most are small companies in which all or most stock is held by family members.

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Shares can be transferred only by the agreement of other shareholders and cannot be offered for sale to the general public. A private limited company has limited liability and this is indicated by the letters LTD after its name.

The business corporation is not the only type of corporation that exists. Educational, religious and charitable institutions are also permitted to incorporate. Usually this type of corporation does not issue stock and is a nonprofit institution. If there is a profit, it is generally reinvested in the institution rather than distributed to private stockholders. Nonprofit corporations, such as the Red Cross, provide community services. They consist of members instead of stockholders and provide no dividends.

In addition, there are governmental corporations which may be established by cities, states, the federal government and special agencies. Some examples of these governmental corporations are state universities, state hospitals, city owned utilities. They provide certain public welfare functions. Governmental corporations are always nonprofit and usually do not issue stock certificates.

2.Answer the questions. Add 5 questions, covering the main points of the text.

1.Who are the owners of a corporation?

2.List the advantages of the corporate form of ownership.

3.Explain the difference between preferred and common stock.

4.Whom can the shareholders sell their stock to?

5.The business corporation generally issues stock to stockholders. What types of corporation usually do not issue stock?

3.Select a word to fit each blank space in the sentences:

utilities, charitable, institution, nonprofit, investments, financial resources,

agreement, stockholders, reward

1.People owning stock certificates are called _______.

2.The Red Cross is an international organization for the relief of suffering in times of war or disaster, it is a ____ organization.

3.Corporations ______ stockholders for their investments by giving them part of the profits.

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