English

Администрация Волгоградской области Комитет по культуре

ГОУ ВПО «Волгоградский государственный институт искусств и культуры»

MANAGE MANAGEMENT

Учебно-методическое пособие

Волгоград 2010

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ББК 81.2 АНГЛ-923

С 67

Составитель:

Т.Э. Сотникова, доцент кафедры иностранных языков Волгоградского государственного института искусств и культуры Рецензенты:

В.Д. Филиппова, ст. преп. кафедры иностранных языков ВГИИК;

Е.Б. Кириллова, ст. преп. кафедры иностранных языков ВГАФК;

Печатается по решению учебно-методического совета

Волгоградского государственного института искусств и культуры

ISBN	ББК 81.2Англ-923

@ Т.Э. Сотникова, 2010

@ ГОУ ВПО ВГИИК

@ Издательство ГОУ ВПО ВГАФК

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Введение

Настоящее учебно-методическое пособие предназначено для студентов 2-го курса заочного факультета неязыкового вуза, для которых дисциплина «Менеджмент» является профилирующей.

Пособие отражает терминологию различных направлений управленческой деятельности, включая аспекты деловой этики.

Цель пособия - овладение терминологией в области менеджмента и ее практическое использование в деловых ситуациях.

Пособие состоит из 2-х разделов. Первый раздел содержит короткие аутентичные тексты, сопровождаемые списком новых слов и упражнениями, развивающими речевые навыки студентов.

Второй раздел содержит более объемные аутентичные тексты, предназначенные для самостоятельного перевода со словарем, составления аннотаций и краткого пересказа. Такой вид работы является важным этапом использования активной тематической лексики для развития навыков устной речи.

Работа с пособием построена «от простого к сложному»: от прочтения и понимания текста - к построению собственного высказывания. Структура и содержание пособия призваны максимально облегчить самостоятельную работу студентов, обучающихся заочно.

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PART I

Read the texts and speak on the topics.

Adam Smith

Adam Smith was a great scientist who made extraordinary contributions in economics.

He was born in 1723 in Kirkcaldy, a small fishing town near Edinburgh, Scotland. His father was a customs officer. He died before his son was born. At the age of 28 Adam Smith became a Professor of Logics at the University of Glasgow. It was his first academic appointment. Some time later he became a tutor to a wealthy Scottish duke. Then he received a grant of £300 a year. It was a very big sum, 10 times the average income at the time.

With the financial security of his grant, Smith devoted 10 years to writing his work which founded economic science. Its full title was «An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations». It was published with great success in 1776.

Adam Smith made economics a science. This Scottish economist is often regarded as the founder of political economy too.

Vocabulary
science	наука
scientist	ученый
to make	делать
contribution	вклад
to make a contribution to/ in	вносить вклад во что-либо
something
extraordinary	необыкновенный
to be born	родиться
fish	рыба
town	город, поселок
fishing town	рыбацкий поселок
near	около
Edinburgh	Эдинбург
Scotland	Шотландия
father	отец
customs	таможня
to undergo customs formalities	пройти таможенный досмотр
customs officer	таможенник
to die (died, died)	умирать
son	сын
age	1) возраст
	4

to become (became, become) Glasgow

academic appointment

to make an appointment some time later

tutor wealth wealthy Scottish duke

to receive year

big sum average income at that time

financial security

to devote something to somebody work of arts

to found founder full title

inquiry (=enquiry) inquiry of / into something to inquire

cause nation

to publish

to be published success

to regard

to be regarded often

2) век становиться Глазго академический назначение

договориться о встрече через некоторое время

преподаватель (в университете) богатство богатый шотландский герцог получать год

большая сумма средний доход в это время

финансовое обеспечение посвящать что-либо кому-либо произведение искусства основывать основатель полный

1)Название; 2)должность, звание исследование запрос на что-либо

спрашивать, наводить справки причина народ, нация

опубликовывать быть опубликованным успех считать считаться часто

Answer the questions

1.When and where was Adam Smith born?

2.What was his father?

3.What was Adam Smith’s first academic appointment?

4.Did he become a tutor then?

4. How big was the grant he received later?

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5. What work did Adam Smith do with the support of the grant?

Repeat what the text said about Adam Smith. Say a few words about a Russian scientist.

Write half a page about him/her.

Microeconomics and macroeconomics

Economics as a science consists of two disciplines that is of microeconomics and macroeconomics.

Microeconomics is the branch of economics that studies individual producers, consumers, or markets. Microeconomics also studies how government activities such as regulations and taxes affect individual markets. Besides microeconomics tries to understand what factors affect the prices, wages and earnings.

Macroeconomics is the branch of economics that studies the economy as a whole. It tries to understand the picture as a whole rather than small part of it. In particular, it studies the overall values of output, of unemployment and of inflation.

Vocabulary

microeconomics macroeconomics

to consist of something discipline

that is = i.e.(лат.) branch individual producer consumer market

also government

the British government activities

such as regulation tax

to levy a tax on something

микроэкономика

макроэкономика состоять из чего-либо дисциплина то есть

отрасль, ветвь, отделение индивидуальный, личный производитель, изготовитель потребитель рынок также, тоже

правительство английское правительство деятельность такой, как

правило,регулирование налог ввести налог на что-либо

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to pay a tax	уплатить налог
to affect somebody/something	действовать на кого-либо / что-
	либо,
price	цена
wages	заработная плата
to earn	зарабатывать, получать
earnings	заработок, прибыль
picture as a whole	картина в целом
rather than	скорее чем
small	маленький, небольшой
part	часть
in particular	в частности, в особенности
overall	общий, полный
value	ценность, стоимость
output	выпуск, продукция
inflation	инфляция

Repeat what the text says about:

-microeconomics

-macroeconomics

Translate the definitions of each term into Russian.

An Apple a day

In 1976, Anita Roddick took out a GBP 4,000 loan and opened the first Body Shop. Twelve years later she opened the 322nd Body Shop and was launching into the United States. By then she had stores in many countries and ran an empire with an annual turnover of £28.5 million. Her chain of natural cosmetics stores has created 3,000 jobs in the United Kingdom and many more overseas.

Another spectacular growth story is that of Apple Computer. Apple began its life with Steven Jobs and Stephen Wozniac, two students at Stanford University in the United States, who worked in a garage.

They bought a few components and produced the world's first commercially successful personal computer, the Apple. From that modest start, Apple Computer has grown into a giant. Two-thirds of all firms are operated by their owners, as Body Shop and Apple once were.

But companies, like Body Shop and Apple today, account for about 90 per cent of all business sales.

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Vocabulary
loan	заем, ссуда, кредит
body	1) тело
	2) организация
by then	к тому времени
to launch	запускать
to run an empire	владеть империей
turnover	оборот
overseas	за морем, за границей
garage	гараж
personal computer (p. с.)	персональный компьютер
modest	скромный
owner	владелец
to account for... per cent	составлять…%
chain	цепь

Answer the questions:

1.What have you learnt about Anita Roddick and what was her success in business?

2.How did "Apple Computer" grow?

3.Is it a giant today?

4.What is the place of the companies like "Body Shop" and "Apple" in business sales in the USA?

5.Do you think these figures are the latest?

Give another example of a big company and say how it has grown into a giant.

Agree or disagree:

1.There are more giant companies than small business in our country.

2.It is better to work for a big company than to run one's own small business.

The sources of economic health

In 1776, new technologies were being invented and applied to the manufacture of cotton and wool, iron, transportation and agriculture in what came to be called the «Industrial Revolution».

Adam Smith was keenly interested in these events. He wanted to understand the sources of economic wealth, and he brought his acute powers of observation and abstraction to bear on this question.

His answer was:

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-The division of labour

-Free domestic and international markets

Smith identified the division of labour as the source of «the greatest improvement in the productive powers of labour». The division of labour became even more productive when applied to creating new technologies.

Scientists and engineers, trained in extremely narrow fields, became specialists at inventing. Their powerful skills speeded the advance of technology. Machines started performing repetitive operations faster, and more accurately than people.

But, said Smith, the fruits of the division of labour are limited by the extent of the market. To make the market as large as possible, there must be no impediments to free trade both within a country and among countries.

Smith argued that when each person makes the best possible economic choice based on self-interest, that choice leads as if by an invisible hand to the best outcome for society as a whole.

Vocabulary
to divide	делить, разделять
health	здоровье
technology	техника, технология
to invent	изобретать
to apply	применять
manufacture	производство, изготовление
cotton	хлопок
wool	шерсть
iron	черный металл
agriculture	сельское хозяйство
keen	острый, резкий, большой
keen competition	острая конкуренция
keen interest	большой, острый интерес
event	событие
acute	острый, проницательный
acute hearing	острый слух
domestic	внутренний
powerful	мощный, хороший
skills	квалификация, знания
to speed	ускорять
to perform	выполнять
to repeat	повторять
fast	быстрый
accurately	точно
extent	размер
impediment	препятствие, помеха
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to argue	спорить
invisible	невидимый
invisible earning	поступления от невидимых статей
invisible exports	невидимые статьи экспорта
invisible imports	невидимые статьи импорта
invisible supply	невидимые запасы (вне
	коммерческих каналов)
to identify	определять
outcome	результат, исход

Translate the sentences

1.New technologies were being invented and applied to industry, transportation and agriculture in what came to be called the “Industrial Revolution”.

2.He brought his acute powers of observation to bear on this question.

3.When each person makes the best possible economic choice based on self-interest, that choice leads to the best outcome for society as a whole.

Write out all the sentences defining the term “division of labor”. Translate them into Russian.

Agree or disagree

1.It is very easy to define most economic terms.

2.There are many specialized dictionaries on economics available

3.One and the same term is interpreted in every dictionary in the same way.

The discoverers of the laws of demand supply

The law of demand was discovered by А. А. С о u r n о t (1801-1877), a professor of mathematics at the University of Lyon, France, and it was he who drew the first demand curve in the 1830s.

The first practical application of demand theory, by J u l e s D u p u i t (1804-1866), French engineer and economist, was the calculation of the benefits from building a bridge and, given that a bridge had been built, of the correct toll to charge for its use.

The laws of demand and supply and the connection between the costs of

production and		supply were		first worked out	by D i o n y s i u s
L a r d n e r	(1793-1859),		an	Irish professor	of philosophy at the
University of London.
D i o n y s i u s		L a r d n e r showed railway companies how they
could increase	their profits		by	cutting rates on long-distance business,
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