- •VOLUME 3
- •CONTRIBUTOR LIST
- •PREFACE
- •LIST OF ARTICLES
- •ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
- •CONVERSION FACTORS AND UNIT SYMBOLS
- •EDUCATION, COMPUTERS IN.
- •ELECTROANALGESIA, SYSTEMIC
- •ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY, COMPUTERS IN
- •ELECTROCONVULSIVE THERAPHY
- •ELECTRODES.
- •ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY
- •ELECTROGASTROGRAM
- •ELECTROMAGNETIC FLOWMETER.
- •ELECTROMYOGRAPHY
- •ELECTRON MICROSCOPY.
- •ELECTRONEUROGRAPHY
- •ELECTROPHORESIS
- •ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY
- •ELECTRORETINOGRAPHY
- •ELECTROSHOCK THERAPY.
- •ELECTROSTIMULATION OF SPINAL CORD.
- •ELECTROSURGICAL UNIT (ESU)
- •EMERGENCY MEDICAL CARE.
- •ENDOSCOPES
- •ENGINEERED TISSUE
- •ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL
- •EQUIPMENT ACQUISITION
- •EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE, BIOMEDICAL
- •ERGONOMICS.
- •ESOPHAGEAL MANOMETRY
- •EVENT-RELATED POTENTIALS.
- •EVOKED POTENTIALS
- •EXERCISE FITNESS, BIOMECHANICS OF.
- •EXERCISE, THERAPEUTIC.
- •EXERCISE STRESS TESTING
- •EYE MOVEMENT, MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES FOR
- •FETAL MONITORING
- •FETAL SURGERY.
- •FEVER THERAPY.
- •FIBER OPTICS IN MEDICINE
- •FICK TECHNIQUE.
- •FITNESS TECHNOLOGY.
- •FIXATION OF ORTHOPEDIC PROSTHESES.
- •FLAME ATOMIC EMISSON SPECTROMETRY AND ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY
- •FLAME PHOTOMETRY.
- •FLOWMETERS
- •FLOWMETERS, RESPIRATORY.
- •FLUORESCENCE MEASUREMENTS
- •FLUORESCENCE MICROSCOPY.
- •FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY.
- •FLUORIMETRY.
- •FRACTURE, ELECTRICAL TREATMENT OF.
- •FUNCTIONAL ELECTRICAL STIMULATION
- •GAMMA CAMERA.
- •GAMMA KNIFE
- •GAS AND VACUUM SYSTEMS, CENTRALLY PIPED MEDICAL
- •GAS EXCHANGE.
- •GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE
- •GEL FILTRATION CHROMATOGRAPHY.
- •GLUCOSE SENSORS
- •HBO THERAPY.
- •HEARING IMPAIRMENT.
- •HEART RATE, FETAL, MONITORING OF.
- •HEART VALVE PROSTHESES
- •HEART VALVE PROSTHESES, IN VITRO FLOW DYNAMICS OF
- •HEART VALVES, PROSTHETIC
- •HEART VIBRATION.
- •HEART, ARTIFICIAL
- •HEART–LUNG MACHINES
- •HEAT AND COLD, THERAPEUTIC
- •HEAVY ION RADIOTHERAPY.
- •HEMODYNAMICS
- •HEMODYNAMIC MONITORING.
- •HIGH FREQUENCY VENTILATION
- •HIP JOINTS, ARTIFICIAL
- •HIP REPLACEMENT, TOTAL.
- •HOLTER MONITORING.
- •HOME HEALTH CARE DEVICES
- •HOSPITAL SAFETY PROGRAM.
- •HUMAN FACTORS IN MEDICAL DEVICES
- •HUMAN SPINE, BIOMECHANICS OF
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF
MEDICAL DEVICES AND
INSTRUMENTATION
Second Edition
VOLUME 3
Echocardiography and Doppler Echocardiography – Human Spine, Biomechanics of
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF MEDICAL DEVICES AND INSTRUMENTATION, SECOND EDITION
Editor-in-Chief
John G. Webster
University of Wisconsin–Madison
Editorial Board
David Beebe
University of Wisconsin–Madison
Jerry M. Calkins
University of Arizona College of Medicine
Michael R. Neuman
Michigan Technological University
Joon B. Park
University of Iowa
Edward S. Sternick
Tufts–New England Medical Center
Editorial Staff
Vice President, STM Books: Janet Bailey
Associate Publisher: George J. Telecki
Editorial Director: Sean Pidgeon
Director, Book Production and Manufacturing:
Camille P. Carter
Production Manager: Shirley Thomas
Illustration Manager: Dean Gonzalez
Senior Production Editor: Kellsee Chu
Editorial Program Coordinator: Surlan Murrell
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF
MEDICAL DEVICES AND INSTRUMENTATION
Second Edition
Volume 3
Echocardiography and Doppler Echocardiography – Human Spine, Biomechanics of
Edited by
John G. Webster
University of Wisconsin–Madison
The Encyclopedia of Medical Devices and Instrumentation is available online at
http://www.mrw.interscience.wiley.com/emdi
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data:
Encylopedia of medical devices & instrumentation/by John G. Webster,
editor in chief. – 2nd ed. p. ; cm.
Rev. ed. of: Encyclopedia of medical devices and instrumentation. 1988. Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN-13 978-0-471-26358-6 (set : cloth) ISBN-10 0-471-26358-3 (set : cloth) ISBN-13 978-0-470-04068-3 (v. 3 : cloth) ISBN-10 0-470-04068-8 (v. 3 : cloth)
1.Medical instruments and apparatus–Encyclopedias. 2. Biomedical engineering–Encyclopedias. 3. Medical physics–Encyclopedias.
4.Medicine–Data processing–Encyclopedias. I. Webster, John G.,
1932- . II. Title: Encyclopedia of medical devices and instrumentation.
[DNLM: 1. Equipment and Supplies–Encyclopedias–English. W 13
E555 2006] R856.A3E53 2006 610.2803–dc22 2005028946
Printed in the United States of America
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