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1

lhevdh hlj_^Zdlbjh\Zggu_ aZdhgu \klmiyl \ kbem k gZqZeZ gh\h]h ]h^Z Hlkmlkl\b_ \k_o wlbo ghjf ^Z_l l_i_jv \eZklb \hafh`ghklv g_ lh qlh g_ memqrZlv kblmZpbx gh ^Z`_ g_ h[_sZlv b g_ hlqblu\Zlvky <_^v ih aZdhgm hgb l_i_jv ijZdlbq_kdb gbq_]h b gbdhfm g_ ^he`gu

Ijb[eb`Z_lky fhf_gl \lhjh]h m^ZjZ Hg fh`_l klZlv b ihke_^gbf <uq_jdb\Zlv [m^ml m`_ g_ pbnju ba [mfZ] Z j_Zebb ba `bagb B ihdZ \k_ _s_ _klv \_jZ b m`_ _klv ^hdZaZl_evkl\Z qlh \k_ [hevr_ ex^_c \uoh^yl ba gZ\Z`^_gby mklZehklb b ZiZlbb . y [u ohl_e fZdkbfZevgh q_ldh h[tykgblv qlh gZk `^_l \ lhf kemqZ_ _keb l_o dlh ]hlh\ aZgylv Zdlb\gmx ihabpbx hdZ`_lky g_^hklZlhqgh

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Klhbl ij_^mij_^blv . m ^hdmf_glh\ eZdbjh\ZggZy h[hehqdZ \ gbo ^Z`_ \klj_qZxlky djZkb\h b ijZ\bevgh aZy\e_ggu_ p_eb Hkh[_ggh \ ^hdmf_gl_ h ijbhjbl_lZo Gh wlh _keb qblZlv [_]eh g_\gbfZl_evgh : \hl _keb \qblu\Zlvky b \^mfu\Zlvky lh fh`gh h[gZjm`blv bo kmsghklv < gbo khkj_^hlhq_gu \k_ l_ jZ^bdZevgu_ bgbpbZlb\u dhlhju_ gZ ijhly`_gbb ihke_^gbo ^_kylb e_l ijbagZ\Zebkv hiZkgufb \uau\Zeb gZb[hevrmx djblbdm

. b g_ jZa Z jZa aZ jZahf \ke_^ aZ dZ`^uf gh\uf ^hdmf_glhf ]^_ bo iulZebkv aZgh\h knhjfmebjh\Zlv hl\_j]Zebkv h[jZah\Zl_evguf khh[s_kl\hf Qlh wlh aZ bgbpbZlb\u"I_j_qbkex hkgh\gh_

I_j\h_ \\h^ylky ?=W b =BNH Qlh lZdh_ _^bguc ]hkm^Zjkl\_gguc wdaZf_g \k_f ba\_klgh BgbpbZlb\Z wlZ g_ gh\Zy h k_jv_aguo g_^hklZldZo ?=W m`_ ohjhrh ba\_klgh Fgh]b_ m`_ gZ ebqghf hiul_ klZedb\Zebkv k wlhc ijh[e_fhc Gh k_cqZk \Z`gh \kihfgblv \hl qlh \ ]h^m h[jZah\Zl_evgh_ khh[s_kl\h kh]eZkbehkv ijh\_klb wdki_jbf_gl ih ?=W Lhevdh wdki_jbf_gl B gZ =hkm^Zjkl\_gghf kh\_l_ b gZ iZjeZf_glkdbo kemrZgbyo b gZ aZk_^Zgbyo Kh\_lZ j_dlhjh\ g_h^ghdjZlgh b ijbgpbibZevgh ih^q_jdb\Zehkv qlh ih^\h^blv blh]b wdki_jbf_glZ ih klhev k_jv_aghc bgbpbZlb\_ ^he`gZ ki_pbZevgh knhjfbjh\ZggZy g_aZ\bkbfZy dhfbkkby

B qlh fu \b^bf qblZy ^hdmf_gl h ijbhjbl_lZo" GhjfZevgh]h dhfie_dkgh]h ZgZebaZ wdki_jbf_glZ g_ kms_kl\m_l \ ijbgpbi_ ihlhfm qlh [hevrmx qZklv bgnhjfZpbb mkljhbl_eb wdki_jbf_glZ aZk_dj_qb\Zxl Z l_ blh]b wdki_jbf_glZ dhlhju_ ih^\_^_gu . ih^\_^_gu b h[ty\e_gu kZfbfb `_ ijhiZ]Zg^bklZfb wlh]h wdaZf_gZ

FZeh lh]h qlh lZdbf h[fZgguf iml_f nZdlbq_kdb gZ\yau\Zxl ?=W \ ^hdmf_gl_ h ijbhjbl_lZo k ?=W m\yau\Z_lky kbkl_fZ ]hkm^Zjkl\_gguo bf_gguo nbgZgkh\uo h[yaZl_evkl\ =BNH Lh _klv \ aZ\bkbfhklb hl j_amevlZlh\ k^Zqb ?=W [m^_l hij_^_eylvky gZ dZdbo mkeh\byo fheh^hc q_eh\_d klZg_l ihemqZlv \ukr__ h[jZah\Zgb_ gZ iheghklvx ieZlghc hkgh\_ k qZklbqghc hieZlhc beb [_kieZlgh H^gZdh _keb jZgvr_ j_qv reZ ohly [u h

2

lhf qlh qbkeh [_kieZlguo f_kl khklZ\bl g_ f_g__ hl h[s_]h qbkeZ lh \ gh\uo ^hdmf_glZo g_ ]ZjZglbjm_lky ^Z`_ wlh

: l_i_jv ij_^klZ\vl_ k_[_ lZeZgleb\h]h j_[_gdZ ba ]em[bgdb ba fZehh[_ki_q_gghc k_fvb G_ nZdl qlh l_klh\Zy kbkl_fZ wdaZf_gZ h[t_dlb\gh ihdZ`_l _]h kihkh[ghklb G_ nZdl qlh hg kfh`_l ih^]hlh\blvky d ?=W lZd `_ mki_rgh dZd ^_lb khklhyl_evguo jh^bl_e_c . \_^v ihy\bebkv p_eu_ j_i_lblhjkdb_ dhglhju dhlhju_ [_jml ^_gv]b aZ lZdmx ih^]hlh\dm <k_ wlh g_ nZdl : \hl _keb kmffbjh\Zlv \k_ wlb g_ nZdlu lh ihemqZ_lky qlh lZdhc ih^oh^ \_^_l d ml\_j`^_gbx kbkl_fu iheghc beb qZklbqghc hieZlu ]hkm^Zjkl\_ggh]h \ukr_]h h[jZah\Zgby kZfbf klm^_glhf b _]h jh^bl_eyfb Ijb wlhf kha^Zgu lZdb_ mkeh\by b ihklZ\e_gu lZdb_ jZfdb ijb dhlhjuo [hevr_ ieZlblv ijb^_lky bf_ggh j_[ylZf ba fZehh[_ki_q_gguo k_f_c qlh nZdlbq_kdb j_adh h]jZgbqbl ^ey gbo \hafh`ghklv ihemqblv \ukr__ h[jZah\Zgb_

<lhjh_ \\h^blky ^\momjh\g_\Zy kbkl_fZ \ukr_]h h[jZah\Zgby

>\momjh\g_\Zy kbkl_fZ [m^_l khklhylv ba [ZdZeZ\jbZlZ . wlh i_j\uc mjh\_gv kjhdhf h[mq_gby ]h^Z . b fZ]bkljZlmju . wlh \lhjhc mjh\_gv kjhdhf h[mq_gby . ]h^Z B \ j_amevlZl_ \\_^_gby lZdhc kbkl_fu [m^_l mgbqlh`_g ljZ^bpbhgguc ^ey gZk bgklblml ^biehfbjh\Zgguo ki_pbZebklh\

GZ^h bf_lv \ \b^m qlh k_]h^gy b [ZdZeZ\jbZl b fZ]bkljZlmjZ m`_ ij_^klZ\e_gu \ \ukr_c rdhe_ ghjfZevgh khkms_kl\mxl kh ki_pbZebklZfb [_a \kydbo j_nhjf Z m \maZ _klv ijZ\h \u[hjZ J_nhjfZlhju ihq_fm-lh klj_fylky mf_gvrblv dhebq_kl\h ljZ_dlhjbc \mah\kdhc ih^]hlh\db Z \_^v \ aZ\bkbfhklb b hl kZfh]h \maZ b hl ki_pbnbdb f_`^mgZjh^guo klZg^Zjlh\ b hl hkh[_gghkl_c ijhn_kkbhgZevghc h[eZklb . dZ`^uc ba wlbo \ZjbZglh\ bf__l k\hc kfuke K_cqZk ij_`^_ \k_]h gm`gh ]h\hjblv h ^jm]hf \eZklv nmg^Zf_glZevgh f_gy_l oZjZdl_j kbkl_fm b kh^_j`Zgb_ \mah\kdhc ih^]hlh\db

Ihkfhljbf dZdZy h[jZah\Zl_evgZy aZ^ZqZ klZ\blky ^ey i_j\h]h mjh\gy . ^ey [ZdZeZ\jbZlZ nhjfbjh\Zgb_ [Zah\uo hkgh\ ijhn_kkbhgZevghc dmevlmju b hkgh\guo ^_yl_evghklguo dhfi_l_gpbc LZf `_ ke_^m_l jZkrbnjh\dZdhffmgbdZlb\guo gZ\udh\ gZ\udh\ ihbkdZ b ZgZebaZ bgnhjfZpbb kZfhh[jZah\Zgby gZ\udh\ dhee_dlb\ghc jZ[hlu GZ\udh\ gZ\udh\ gZ\udh\ B \hl wlb gZ\udb gZ^h ihemqZlv p_euo q_luj_ ]h^Z ^Z _s_ gZ ieZlghc hkgh\_g_ [m^_f aZ[u\Zlv ijh =BNH : \ blh]_ \ lZdhf [ZdZeZ\jbZl_ fu ihemqZ_f kbkl_fm ih^]hlh\db d\Zebnbpbjh\Zgguo eZ[hjZglh\ NZdlbq_kdb kx^Z i_j_ghkylky p_eb b aZ^Zqb kbkl_fu h[jZah\Zgby dhlhju_ g_k_l gZ k_[_ ILM DklZlb ILM oZjZdl_jbam_lky \ wlhf `_ kZfhf ^hdmf_gl_ dZd kbkl_fZ dhlhjZyh[j_f_g_gZ khpbZevgufb h[yaZl_evkl\Zfb b mljZlbeZ k\yav k ij_^ijbylbyfb B _keb ILM j_rbeb aZ]m[blv i_j_^Zq_c nbgZgkbjh\Zgby gZqZevgh]h b kj_^g_]h ijhn_kkbhgZevgh]h h[jZah\Zgby \ j_]bhgu lh \ukr__ h[jZah\Zgb_ [m^_l aZ]m[e_gh i_j_f_s_gb_f lm^Z p_e_c b aZ^Zq ILM

H^gh\j_f_ggh k wlbf ^\moe_lgyy Z lh b \k_]h ebrv fbfhe_lgZy ]h^bqgZy fZ]bkljZlmjZ hibkZgZ \ ^hdmf_gl_ h ijbhjbl_lZo \iheg_ kheb^gh GZklhevdh `_ kheb^gh dZd h[uqgh hibku\Z_lky madZy dZklZ ba[jZgguo fm^j_ph\ gZoh^ysboky gZ \ukr_c h[s_kl\_gghc klmi_gb mlhibq_kdh]h

3

jhfZgZ IhiZklv gZ klmi_gv fZ]bkljZlmju km`^_gh g_ \k_f < ^hdmf_gl_ ]h\hjblky EbpZ ihemqb\rb_ kl_i_gv [ZdZeZ\jZ fh]ml \ khhl\_lkl\bb kh k\h_c d\ZebnbdZpb_c aZgbfZlv ^he`ghklb lj_[mxsb_ \ukr_]h h[jZah\Zgby Z lZd`_ mqZkl\h\Zlv \ dhgdmjk_ gZ ijh^he`_gb_ h[jZah\Zgby gZ \lhjhf mjh\g_

I_j\Zy qZklv wlhc njZau _s_ jZa ykgh ihdZau\Z_l qlh agZgby [ZdZeZ\jZf kh\k_f b g_ h[yaZl_evgu Ijhklh _keb lj_[m_lky \ukr__ h[jZah\Zgb_ . lh fh`_l_ kdZaZlv jZ[hlh^Zl_ex qlh hgh m \Zk _klv <lhjZy qZklv njZau aZy\ey_l kZfh_ \Z`gh_ [_a dhgdmjkZ \ fZ]bkljZlmjm \Zf g_ ihiZklv

G_ ij_\jZlblky eb wlhl dhgdmjk \ nbgZgkh\h_ khj_\gh\Zgb_" < wlhf jZa^_e_ ]^_ ]h\hjblky ijh =BNH wlh g_eh\dh aZfZkdbjh\Zgh LZf kdZaZgh qlh ^ey fZ]bkljZlmju ^he`gu mklZgZ\eb\Zlvky [he__ \ukhdb_ [x^`_lgu_ ghjfZlb\u nbgZgkbjh\Zgby ih kjZ\g_gbx k [ZdZeZ\jbZlhf ;he__ \ukhdb_ ghjfZlb\u beb f_g__ . \lhjhkl_i_gguc \hijhk <Z`gh qlh \k_ lh qlh \ wlb[he__ \ukhdb_ ghjfZlb\u g_ ihiZ^Z_l . hieZqb\Z_lky kgh\Z ba dZjfZgZ ijhr_^r_]h ih dhgdmjkm h[mqZxs_]hky

Hlkx^Z \ul_dZ_l b h[sbc \u\h^ nZdlbq_kdb \ukr__ h[jZah\Zgb_ [m^_l khkj_^hlhq_gh lhevdh \ fZ]bkljZlmj_ hgh [m^_l k\_^_gh d . ]h^Zf ihemqZlv _]h [m^_l iha\he_gh lhevdh \ kemqZ_ m^Zqghc k^Zqb ^hihegbl_evguo wdaZf_gh\ \ fZ]bkljZlmjm b hgh [m^_l \ lhc beb bghc kl_i_gb ieZlguf

AZq_f \k_ wlh ^_eZ_lky" < ^hdmf_gl_ aZibkZgh qlh \\_^_gb_ ^\mo mjh\g_c iha\hebl hkms_kl\eylv wdkihjl h[jZah\Zl_evguo mkem] <hl jZ^b wlhc p_eb jZ^b ijyfh aZy\e_gghc klbfmeypbb ml_qdb fha]h\ . \eZklv ohq_l i_j_ljyogmlv ijZdlbq_kdb \k_ keh`b\rb_ky \mah\kdb_ klZg^Zjlu ijh]jZffu deZkkbnbdZpbb ki_pbZevghkl_c qlh gZ g_dhlhjh_ \j_fy \ukrZy rdheZ b \h\k_ [m^_l \ khklhygbb iheg_cr_]h oZhkZ

Lj_lv_ kha^Zgb_ :M b = F :GH :M . wlh Z\lhghfgu_ mqj_`^_gby = F :GH . wlh ]hkm^Zjkl\_ggu_ fmgbpbiZevgu_ Z\lhghfgu_ g_dhff_jq_kdb_ hj]ZgbaZpbb Qlh wlh b ^ey q_]h" Wlh g_db_ gh\u_ nhjfu kha^Zgb_ dhlhjuo ydh[u bf__l k\h_c p_evx jZaghh[jZablv hj]ZgbaZpbhggh- ijZ\h\u_ nhjfu mq_[guo aZ\_^_gbc ^ey jhklZ kZfhklhyl_evghklb h[jZah\Zl_evguo mqj_`^_gbc ?keb \kihfgblv qlh aZ ihke_^g__ \j_fy_^bghjhkku k\hbfb `_ jmdZfb kZfhklhyl_evghklv b Z\lhghfbx h[jZah\Zl_evguo mqj_`^_gbc fZdkbfZevgh kmabeb klZgh\blky ykgh .jZaghh[jZablv hgb ohlyl gZ kZfhf ^_e_ lhevdh jZ^b h^ghc p_eb ihl_gpbZevghc \hafh`ghklb ^Zevg_cr_c ijb\ZlbaZpbb GZ iZjeZf_glkdbo kemrZgbyo gZ wlm l_fm ijh]h\hjbeky aZffbgbkljZ h[jZah\Zgby :g^j_c K\bgZj_gdh aZy\b\rbc qlh j_qv h ijb\ZlbaZpbb g_ b^_l ih djZcg_c f_j_ \ [eb`Zcr_f [m^ms_f h[km`^_gb_ wlhc ijh[e_fu ij_`^_\j_f_ggh

Mlhqgbf j_qv h[ wlhf b^_l < ^hdmf_gl_ h ijbhjbl_lZo ijyfh bkihevam_lky wlh keh\h LZf ]h\hjblky qlh kha^Zgb_ mkeh\bc ^ey qZklgh]h bg\_klbjh\Zgby ^he`gh khijh\h`^Zlvky \g_^j_gb_f f_oZgbafh\ aZsblu ]hkm^Zjkl\_gguo b fmgbpbiZevguo mqj_`^_gbc hl ^_ckl\bc gZijZ\e_gguo gZ bo g_h[hkgh\Zggmx ijb\ZlbaZpbx Lh _klv _keb ijb^_j`b\Zlvky eh]bdbh[hkgh\ZggZy ijb\ZlbaZpby [m^_l D_f b dZd h[hkgh\ZggZy ^mfZx aZ\bk_lv [m^_l _kl_kl\_ggh hl qZklgh]h bgl_j_kZ fZl_jbZevgh aZbgl_j_kh\Zgguo ebp

4

Qlh dZkZ_lky [m^ms_]h lh dlh hij_^_ey_l dZdh_ [m^ms__ [eb`Zcr__ Z dZdh_ g_l kdZaZlv keh`gh gh _keb h[jZlblv \gbfZgb_ gZ l_fiu ih^]hlh\db j_nhjfu . wlh [m^ms__ m`_ g_ aZ ]hjZfb G_ kemqZcgh e_lhf ^_imlZlu?^bghc Jhkkbb ih mdZaZgbx ijZ\bl_evkl\Z k wglmabZafhf ijh]hehkh\Zeb aZ ijbagZgb_ mljZlb\rbf kbem aZdhgZ H khojZg_gbb klZlmkZ ]hkm^Zjkl\_gguo b fmgbpbiZevguo h[jZah\Zl_evguo mqj_`^_gbc b fhjZlhjbb gZ bo ijb\ZlbaZpbx B \k_ kkuedb gZ lh qlh \ AZdhg_ H[ h[jZah\Zgbb aZij_l gZ ijb\ZlbaZpbx _s_ khojZgy_lky . imklu_ kkuedb Ihkfhljbf aZdhg \gbfZl_evgh lZf j_qv b^_l h[ mqj_`^_gbyo Z g_ h[ :M beb = F :GH B gZ^h q_ldh ihgbfZlv dZd lhevdh h[jZah\Zl_evgh_ aZ\_^_gb_ l_jy_l klZlmkmqj_`^_gby . wlh dhg_p \k_fm lZd dZd ba-ih^ g_]h Z\lhfZlbq_kdb \u\h^blky \ky aZdhgh^Zl_evgZy [ZaZ l_o kdjhfguo ^hklb`_gbc aZdhgh^Zl_evkl\Z -o ]h^h\ dhlhju_ ihke_ e_lZ _s_ qm^hf khojZgbebkv Wlh b ijZ\h gZ hlkjhqdm hl \h_gghc kem`[u b g_dhlhju_ hklZ\rb_ky gZeh]h\u_ ev]hlu b ^hkjhqgu_ i_gkbb i_^Z]h]h\ jZ[hlZxsbo k ^_lvfb ;he__ lh]h a^_kv b dhgklblmpbhggu_ ]ZjZglbb ijZ\Z gZ h[jZah\Zgb_ lZd dZd \ klZlv_ dhgklblmpbb hgb mklZgh\e_gu lhevdh ^ey l_o dlh mqblky \ h[jZah\Zl_evguo mqj_`^_gbyo

<u\h^ ijhkl ijb\ZlbaZpby wlbo :M b = F :GH [m^_l B ihke_ bo ijb\ZlbaZpbb hldjhxl imlv d bkihevah\Zgbx bo [Zau \ lhf qbke_ g_^\b`bfhklb ih ex[hfm ^jm]hfm m`_ \iheg_ dhff_jq_kdhfm gZagZq_gbx

Q_l\_jlh_ i_j_oh^ gZ qZklbqgmx hieZlm h[jZah\Zgby \ kj_^g_c rdhe_ >hieZqb\Zlv \ jZaebqgu_ rdhevgu_ nhg^u ijboh^blky b k_cqZk >ey fgh]bo k_f_c wlh ly`_e_crZy ghrZ Z lml jh^bl_eyf ijb^_lky \aylv gZ k_[y agZqbl_evgmx qZklv nbgZgkh\hc gZ]jmadb Ijb\_^m pblZlm ba ^hdmf_glZ h ijbhjbl_lZo P_e_khh[jZagh Zijh[bjh\Zlv kgb`_gb_ g_^_evghc gZ]jmadb mq_[gh]h ieZgZ ijb khhl\_lkl\mxs_f m\_ebq_gbb mjh\gy hieZlu i_^Z]h]bq_kdh]h qZkZ mqbl_ey aZ kq_l mf_gvr_gby ghjfu qZkh\ gZ klZ\dm aZjZ[hlghc ieZlu Ijb wlhf bg^b\b^mZebaZpby aZgylbc mqZsboky b jZkrbj_gb_ ^ey gbo \hafh`ghkl_c \u[hjZ h[jZah\Zl_evguo ijh]jZff fh]ml nbgZgkbjh\Zlvky ba ^hihegbl_evguo bklhqgbdh\ dZd [x^`_lguo lZd b \g_[x^`_lguo

I_j_\_^_f l_i_jv wlhl \blb_\Zluc [xjhdjZlbq_kdbc yaud gZ ihgylguc \k_f Ij_^eZ]Z_lky mj_aZlv rdhevguc mq_[guc ieZg gZ Z ihlhf kgh\Z gh l_i_jv m`_ ih `_eZgbx . ij_^eh`blv lh qlh [m^_l mj_aZgh \ jZfdZobg^b\b^mZebaZpbb b jZkrbj_gby \hafh`ghkl_c B ieZlblv aZ wlhjZkrbj_gb_ ieZlblv aZ lh qlh jZgvr_ [ueh h[s_^hklmigh [m^ml m`_ kZfb jh^bl_eb \g_[x^`_lgu_ bklhqgbdb <hl lZdZy obljZy b h^gh\j_f_ggh pbgbqgZy ko_fZ B jh^bl_eb \ugm`^_gu [m^ml ieZlblv lZd dZd \ kj_^g_c rdhe_ j_[_gdm _s_ ljm^gh hij_^_eblvky k l_f qlh bf_ggh ba lh]h qlh \uj_aZeb ba mq_[gh]h ieZgZ ihgZ^h[blky _fm \ ^Zevg_cr_f ijb \u[hj_ ijhn_kkbhgZevgh]h imlb

Wlb q_luj_ bgbpbZlb\u . hkgh\gh_ I_j_qbkex _s_ g_kdhevdh oZjZdl_jguo fhf_glh\ NZdlbq_kdb \ ^hdmf_glZo kgh\Z ijhlZedb\Z_lky b^_y ^\_gZ^pZlbe_lg_c rdheu GZ wlhl jZa ijZ\bl_evkl\h aZreh k ^jm]h]h dhgpZ b j_rbeh ijb^mfZlv gme_\hc deZkk AZl_f gZqZevgZy rdheZ . ]h^Z

5

hkgh\gZy . e_l b ijhnbevgZy . ]h^Z H[jZsZx \gbfZgb_ lhevdh ijhnbevgZy H[uqguo deZkkh\ g_ [m^_l b dZ`^hfm j_[_gdm ij_^klhbl k^_eZlv \u[hj . ]hlh\ hg d wlhfm \u[hjm beb g_l Kh\_jr_ggh g_ykgh dZdh_ dhebq_kl\h ^_l_c kmf_xl khagZl_evgh hij_^_eblvky k \u[hjhf `bag_ggh]h imlb m`_ d ^_\ylhfm deZkkm rdheu Mqblu\Zy qlh j_qv [m^_l b^lb h [hevrbo fhjZevguo i_j_`b\Zgbyo b \hafh`guo km^v[hghkguo hrb[dZo . bgbpbZlb\Z \u]ey^bl ijhklh \Zj\Zjkdb >h[Z\ex _s_ qlh \\_^_gb_ gme_\h]h deZkkZ ihlj_[m_l hdheh lukyq klZ\hd gh\h]h h[hjm^h\Zgby khhl\_lkl\mxs_c fZl_jbZevgh-l_ogbq_kdhc [Zau b i_j_ih^]hlh\db dZ^jh\ <k_ wlh ihlj_[m_lky h[yaZl_evgh B h[_ki_qblv wlh fh`gh lhevdh hiylv `_ aZ kq_l jh^bl_e_c beb gbsbo [x^`_lh\ j_]bhgh\

Ihke_^g__ < ^hdmf_glZo gb keh\Z g_ ]h\hjblky h aZjZ[hlghc ieZl_ i_^Z]h]h\ GZ wlhl kq_l fh`gh ijb\_klb ke_^mxsmx pblZlm ba ^hdmf_glZ>Zevg_cr__ m\_ebq_gb_ ^heb aZjZ[hlghc ieZlu \ kljmdlmj_ jZkoh^h\ gZ h[jZah\Zgb_ fh`_l ijb\_klb d kms_kl\_gghfm kgb`_gbx dZq_kl\Z mq_[gh]h ijhp_kkZ Hkh[_ggh [jhkZ_lky \ ]eZaZ wlh ba^_\Zl_evkdh_ keh\h ^Zevg_cr__

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H^gh\j_f_ggh aZf_qm ijhnbpbl [x^`_lZ lh _klv l_ ^_gv]b dhlhju_ ijZ\bl_evkl\h deZ^_l \ dm[urdm \f_klh aZieZgbjh\Zgguo fbeebZj^h\ jm[e_c khklZ\bl fbeebZj^h\ jm[e_c Ba wlhc h]jhfghc kmffu ihijZ\dhc d [x^`_lm fu ij_^eZ]Zeb \u^_eblv fbeebZj^h\ jm[e_c gZ ih\ur_gb_ aZjieZlu jZ[hlgbdZf h[jZah\Zgby Wlh]h [u o\Zlbeh qlh[u ih\ukblv aZjieZlm \ jZaZ k yg\Zjy ]h^Z >ey ih\ur_gby klbi_g^bc \ jZaZ o\Zlbeh [u fbeebZj^h\ jm[e_c Gh aZ wlb ihijZ\db ijh]hehkh\Zeh f_gvr_ h^gh]h ijhp_glZ ^_imlZlh\ ?^bghc Jhkkbb b _kl_kl\_ggh hgb g_ ijhreb

< lh `_ \j_fy \k_ a^jZ\hfukeysb_ ex^b ihgbfZxl bf_ggh memqr_gb_ fZl_jbZevgh]h iheh`_gby jZ[hlgbdh\ h[jZah\Zgby b klm^_glh\ ih\ur_gb_ khpbZevgh]h klZlmkZ rdhevguo i_^Z]h]h\ b \mah\kdbo ij_ih^Z\Zl_e_c . wlh k_]h^gy ]eZ\gh_ ijbhjbl_lgh_ gZijZ\e_gb_ jZa\blby h[jZah\Zl_evghc kbkl_fu Dhg_qgh h[jZah\Zl_evgZy kbkl_fZ . wlh `b\hc hj]Zgbaf HgZ g_ klhbl gZ f_kl_ hgZ ihklhyggh jZa\b\Z_lky hgZ lj_[m_l dhjj_dlbjh\hd b ^he`gZ

j_Z]bjh\Zlv gZ aZijhku \j_f_gb Gh gug_rgyy j_nhjfZ gZiheg_ggZy jZ^bdZevgufb b Z\Zglxjgufb ij_^eh`_gbyfb djZcg_ hiZkgZ djZcg_ jZajmrbl_evgZ ^ey hl_q_kl\_gghc kbkl_fu h[jZah\Zgby Z agZqbl b ^ey gZr_]h h[s_kl\Z \ p_ehf B fu ^he`gu k^_eZlv \k_ qlh[u __ hklZgh\blv

< gug_rg_c =hkm^Zjkl\_gghc ^mf_ g_ bf_y ^hklZlhqgh ]hehkh\ fu fh`_f lhevdh aZy\blv k\hx ihabpbx gZ aZk_^Zgbb b ijh]hehkh\Zlv \

6

khhl\_lkl\bb k gZr_c ijbgpbibZevghc ihabpb_c . ijhlb\ dhjuklghc Z\Zglxju Wlh]h ihqlb ^hklZlhqgh qlh[u kdZaZlv fu k^_eZeb \k_ qlh fh]eb Gh wlh]h d kh`Ze_gbx fZeh qlh[u ij_^hl\jZlblv jZajmr_gb_ kbkl_fu h[jZah\Zgby >Z b g_ \k_ j_nhjfZlhjkdb_ \hijhku [m^ml j_rZlvky \ >mf_ Ihwlhfm k_]h^gy b hl gZk kZfbo b hl \k_]h h[jZah\Zl_evgh]h khh[s_kl\Z lj_[m_lky [ukljZy j_Zdpby b ih-gZklhys_fm Zdlb\gZy j_rbl_evgZy ihabpby B hq_gv gZ^__fky qlh gZf gZdhg_p ihfh]ml klm^_glu >Z\Zcl_ ih^^_j`bf ^jm] ^jm]Z ihdZ g_ iha^gh

yg\Zjy ]

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