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THE PERIODIC TABLE

DOE-HDBK-1015/1-93

Fundamentals of Chemistry

 

 

 

Summary

The important information from this chapter is summarized below.

Periodic Table Summary

&The subdivisions of the periodic table are periods, groups, and classes. The horizontal rows are called periods. The vertical columns are called groups. The entire table consists of three classes: metals, non-metals, and semimetals.

&The subdivisions of the periodic chart have been explained such that the student should be able to identify them if given a periodic table.

&Elements of the same group share certain physical and chemical characteristics. Examples of the characteristics of several groups are listed below.

Group 0 contains elements that are unreactive gases.

Group IA contains elements that are chemically active soft metals. Group VIIA contains elements that are chemically active nonmetals.

Groups IB through VIIB and VIII are called transition groups and elements found in them display properties of metals.

&The valence of an atom is defined as the number of electrons an element gains or loses, or the number of pairs of electrons it shares when it interacts with other elements.

CH-01

Page 22

Rev. 0

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