ЗУБ 10-02 Экономика и социология труда / Учебники ЭТ / econ044 / Экономика и социология труда_Генкин Б.М_Учебник_2007 7-е изд -448с

Приложение

441

При этом фамилия автора в обсуждаемой книге иногда упоминается, но ни разу не указаны номера страниц цитируемых книг и в большинстве случаев не указаны сами названия изданий. Пример ростовских авторов, увы, не единичен. В учебном пособии «Мотивация труда и межличностные отношения» (1999 г.), подготовленном преподавателем Дальневосточной академии экономики и управления, — на с. 67—71 приведен без ссылок текст о компонентах труда (а, р), который дословно повторяет с. 4—6 учебного пособия автора, изданного в 1992 г.

Наряду с проблемой цитирования за последние годы возникла проблема пиратских изданий учебной литературы. Так, в течение нескольких лет один из преподавателей1 вуза, находящегося в г. Чебоксары, без разрешения переиздает и продает учебное пособие автора «Эффективность труда и качество жизни», выпущенное в Санкт-Петербурге в 1997 г. Информация, содержащаяся в этом пособии, в определенной мере устарела, и поэтому автор не мог бы дать разрешение на переиздание книги. Однако «издателя» это не смущает, он просто меняет год выпуска с 1997-го на 1998-й и т. д. Таким же пиратским способом переиздается «Практикум по экономике и социологии труда», подготовленный под редакцией автора.

В приведенных фактах можно усмотреть и положительную сторону: ведь цитируют (хоть и не по правилам) и переиздают (хоть и по-пиратски) то, что привлекает читателя, кажется ему полезным. Однако хотелось бы надеяться на улучшение нравов в системе подготовки учебной литературы и на устранение препятствий, мешающих авторам повышать ее качество.

Одним из шагов в этом направлении было бы доведение до каждого преподавателя документов, определяющих правила цитирования и распространения учебной литературы. Целесообразно по опыту развитых стран помещать на обороте титульного листа учебников и учебных пособий текст примерно следующего содержания: «Все права защищены. Воспроизведение материалов книги допускается только с разрешения издательства (или авторов)». Такой порядок обеспечивает защиту авторских прав. Не менее важно и то, что авторы могут контролировать правильность цитируемых разделов и запрещать переиздание устаревших текстов.

Завершая этот краткий обзор, хотелось бы пожелать студентам и преподавателям скорейшего наступления времен, когда все университеты, академии и институты России станут тем, чем они должны быть по определению, — храмами науки.

1 Фамилии критикуемых авторов и издателей не указаны из гуманных соображений.

Information about the author

Boris M. Genkin — Honoured Scientist of the Russian Federation, Professor, head of a department in St. Petersburg State University for Engineering and Economics. He is the author 180 published works, including 9 monographs and textbooks. He made presentations in international conferences in Russia ang Germany. Major scientific works of В. М. Genkin focus on optimization of labour processes and rating of labour, theory and methods of motivation, organization of wages/salary, problems of quality of life, efficiency of creative work, metaeconomics.

Summary

Theoretical and methodological problems of Human Resource Management have been stated on the base of concepts, which are central both for economics and sociology of labour. First of all, these concepts include: quality of life, human needs and potential, efficiency, motives, fairness, labour conditions, distribution of income.

Special attention has been paid to ethical, ecological and spiritual aspects of human activity, because a number of extremely negative trends in development of civilization are conditioned by prevailing types of economic behaviour. Ethical aspects of economic activity are especially topical for modern Russia.

For preparation of this textbook the author has used the results of researchs conducted with financial support of Soros Foundation (Research Support Scheme, grant 963/93) and Russian Foundation of Fundamental Researchs (grants 96-06-80235 and 98-06-80167). Specifically, structure of needs according to different goals of human activity has been stated; theorem of profitableness of labour components has been formulated and demonstrated; conditions of rational using of human potential have been considered.

The textbook is goaled to preparation of specialists in management of enterprises, so considerable place has been given to work processes and rates optimisation.

Contents
Introduction to seventh edition	10
Introduction to first edition	II
Chapter 1. Subject and methodology of the course
1.1. Initial concepts: need, benefit, resourse, norm, capital, effectiveness,
social economic system	13
1.2. Labour as a process and economic resourse	20
1.2.1. The essence of labour process	20
1.2.2. Labour in a system of economic resourses	24
1.3. General characteristic of human resources
control activity in social economic systems	27
1.4. Structure of sciences concerning labour and personnel	30
1.5. Complex research methodology of economic
and social problems of labour	38
Key concepts	42
Questions and problems	42
Chapter 2. Human being model. Quality of life
2.1. Structure of a human being model in social economic systems	43
2.2. Concept of quality of life	45
2.3. Purposes, values and the nature of human	47
2.3.1. About life meaning and purposes	47
2.3.2. Values system and the nature of human	52
2.4. Dynamics of civilization development processes	58
2.5. Evolution of notions concerning quality life indicators	66
2.6. Rising of quality of life as a national idea and a goal
of the government administration activity	71
Key concepts	74
Questions and problems	74
Chapter 3. Human needs
3.1. History of problem or why didn A. Maslow build the pyramid
of needs	75
3.2. Model of the structure of needs	79
3.2.1. Model requirements	79
3.2.2. Existence needs	79
3.2.3. Needs of the achievement the purposes of life	82
3.3. Needs dynamic	86
3.3.1. Psychological aspect	86

444	Contents
3.3.2. Synergetic aspect	87
3.3.3. Marginalistic aspect	88
3.4. Principles of common theory of needs	90
Key concepts	92
Questions and problems	92
Chapter 4. People potential
4.1. Concepts «labour force», «human capital», «labour potential»	93
4.2. Components of labour potential	94
4.2.1. Health	94
4.2.2. Morals	101
4.2.3. Creative potential	109
4.2.4. Activity	112
4.2.5. Self-discipline	115
4.2.6. Education	116
4.2.7. Professional skills	117
4.2.8. Work time resources	118
4.3. Precondition for realization of human potential	120
4.4. Quality of country population and firm staff	122
Key concepts	126
Questions and problems	126
Chapter 5. Motivation of human activity
5.1. Kinds of motivation	127
5.2. Matrix «goals—means»	131
5.3. Structure of motivation systems	133
5.4. About theories of motivation and management style	136
5.5. Principal schedule of effective production activity motivation	140
Key concepts	142
Questions and problems	142
Chapter 6. Efficiency of economic activity
6.1. The structure of economic resources	143
6.2. Components of human activities	144
6.3. Essence and indexes of labor effectiveness	150
6.3.1. Main aspects of the conception «effectiveness»	150
6.3.2. Productivity and profitability of labor	151
6.4. Theorem of profitableness of labour components
and its concequences	158
6.5. Creation is basic source of profit in economics of XXI century	162
6.6. About investment effectiveness into the human capital	170
Key concepts	173

Questions and problems

174

Contents	445
Chapter 7. Labour organization basic concepts
7.1. Kinds and limits of division of labour	175
7.2. Technological and work processes	J77
7.3. Conditions of work	181
7.4. Work place. Production operation structure	183
7.5. Work time wastes classification	187
7.6. Work rate and standard system	192
7.7. The structure of tasks of work processes
and rates optimization	203
7.8. Methods of norm setting of labour. Labour performance factor	207
Key concepts	210
Questions andproblems	211
Chapter 8. Methods of work processes
and work time wastes research
8.1. General characteristic of methods	212
8.2. Timekeeping	215
8.3. Work time photography	221
8.4. Method of instant observations	225
Key concepts	230
Questions andproblems	231
Chapter 9. Standards for work organization
and rate setting
9.1. Standards structure	232
9.2. Standards requirements and basic stages of their elaboration	237
9.3. Methods of standard dependence determination	240
9.4. Systems of time standards	245
Key concepts	252
Questions andproblems	253
Chapter 10. Optimization of quantity and personnei structure
10.1. Structure of standard time and order of labour
standard calculation	254
10.2. Fundamental schemes of personnel quantity calculation	259
10.3. Forms of interaction of production elements	260
10.4. Tasks structure of facilities and staff rates optimization	262
10.5. General task of division of labour and staff
number optimization	265
10.6. Methods of division of labour and staff number
optimization in a industrial systems	270
10.6.1. Cyclical processes	271
10.6.2. Noncyclical processes	276

446		Contents
	10.6.3. Polyphase systems (methods of optimisation
	of division of labour on equipment maintenance)	280
Key concepts		282
Questions and problems		282
	Chapter 11. Income distribution and work payment
11.1. Distribution principles in a market economy		284
11.2. Statistic analyses of the personal income distribution		290
11.3. Employees income structure		297
11.4. Wage forms and systems		306
11.5.	Structure of labour remuneration funds	309
	11.5.1. Structure of wage fund	309
	11.5.2. Norms of labour remuneration cost	311
11.6.	11.5.3. Calculation of stimulation funds	316
	Optimisation of personnel in come structure	318
11.7. About the essence of wages, or What is the subject
of commerce at the markets of labour		321
11.8. Income forming models of social groups at the enterprise		328
	11.8.1. Social groups of an enterprise according
	to the sources and types of income	328
11.8.2. Interconnections between market and
	organizational factors of wages set in the enterprises	330
11.8.3. Possibilities of the incom distribution optimization
	at an enterprise	334
11.9. Efficiency motivation models of enterprise and its subdivisions		338
Key concepts		341
Questions and problems		342
	Chapter 12. Social-working relations
12.1. General characteristic of social-working relations		343
12.2. Problem of estrangement		347
12.3. Theoretical basis and preconditions of social partnership		350
12.3.1. Principals and experience of organization
	of social partnership	350
12.3.2. Possibilities of coordination of social group
	interests at Russian enterprises	356
12.4. Justice		359

12.5. Synergetic analyses of interaction of people in production systems....364

12.6. Professional ethics		367
12.6.1. Efficiency of morality		367
12.6.2. The whole and details of professional ethics		371
12.7. Deviation behaviour on	firm	375
Key concepts		380

Questions and problems

380

Contents	447
Chapter 13. Systems of human resources control
13.1. Structure of human resources control systems	381
13.2. Labour market and employment control	385
13.2.1. Major characteristics of the market of labour	385
13.2.2. Unemployment	388
13.2.3. Control of employment	394
13.3. Remuneration of labor and productivity management	398
13.3.1. Interrelation between remuneration of labor
and prodactivity	398

13.3.2. Why is level of productivity and remuneration of labor

in Russia considerably lower than in developed countries? 404

13.3.3. Institutional prerequisites for the rise in productivity and
remuneration of labor following assimilation of technological
innovations		407
13.3.4. Management of dynamics in productivity and remuneration
of labor at an enterprise		412
13.4. Principles of rationalization of human
resources control on	firm	416
13.4.1. Kinds of organizational change		416
13.4.2. The essence of change in human resource
management of enterprises		419
Key concepts		424
Questions and problems		425
Bibliography		426
Supplement. Short characteristic of scientific results
of author, used in the textbook		435
Information about the author		442
Summary		442
Contents		443

Борис Михайлович Генкин

Экономика и социология труда

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