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NewArchive / 24 - The fundamental features of word meaning

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24 - The fundamental features of word meaning. - ?????

  • relative stability

The mngs don’t change during long periods of time. The concepts remain more or less the same for a long time, so their mngs remain more or less the same.

  • relative flexibility

In time there are some changes in people’s way of life, new objects appear, other objects (& concepts) are used no more. So people use the existing names for new concepts => new mngs appear. Usually the old and the new mng have smth in common, some feature unites them.

Word is connected with other words in terms of paradigm ~ paradigmatic relations.

A paradigm is a system of relations between words in a language. It may be in grammar ( to go-going-gone).

Semantic paradigm:

  1. дерево – tree

деревянный стол - a table made of wood.

b) a human eye can see 7 million colours, but we can’t name them all, even painters can’t do it. We can only feel the difference. But still there are different names for colours in different languages.

  1. рука - arm

- hand

d) sibling = братья и сестры

grandparents = бабушка и дедушка

  1. swimming

floating

sail a horizontal movement on the surface of the water:

drifting

navigating

a man, dog = swim

a ship = pour

a boat = sail

smth dead\ passive = drift

smth not sinkable (wood) = float

to lay a course (быть штурманом) = to navigate