NewArchive / 24 - The fundamental features of word meaning
.doc24 - The fundamental features of word meaning. - ?????
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relative stability
The mngs don’t change during long periods of time. The concepts remain more or less the same for a long time, so their mngs remain more or less the same.
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relative flexibility
In time there are some changes in people’s way of life, new objects appear, other objects (& concepts) are used no more. So people use the existing names for new concepts => new mngs appear. Usually the old and the new mng have smth in common, some feature unites them.
Word is connected with other words in terms of paradigm ~ paradigmatic relations.
A paradigm is a system of relations between words in a language. It may be in grammar ( to go-going-gone).
Semantic paradigm:
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дерево – tree
деревянный стол - a table made of wood.
b) a human eye can see 7 million colours, but we can’t name them all, even painters can’t do it. We can only feel the difference. But still there are different names for colours in different languages.
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рука - arm
- hand
d) sibling = братья и сестры
grandparents = бабушка и дедушка
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swimming
floating
sail a horizontal movement on the surface of the water:
drifting
navigating
a man, dog = swim
a ship = pour
a boat = sail
smth dead\ passive = drift
smth not sinkable (wood) = float
to lay a course (быть штурманом) = to navigate