Kaeuper R.W. - Chivalry and violence in medieval europe (1999)(en)
.pdfCHIVALRY AND VIOLENCE IN
MEDIEVAL EUROPE
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CHIVALRY
AND
VIOLENCE
IN MEDIEVAL EUROPE
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RICHARD W. KAEUPER
1
1
Great Clarendon Street, Oxford OX2 6DP
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Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries
Published in the United States
by Oxford University Press Inc., New York © Richard W. Kaeuper 1999
The moral rights of the author have been asserted Database right Oxford University Press (maker)
First published 1999
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press,
or as expressly permitted by law, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organisation. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above
You must not circulate this book in any other binding or cover and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Data available
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Data applied for
ISBN 0Ð19Ð820730Ð1 1 3 5 7 9 10 8 6 4 2
Typeset by Hope Services (Abingdon) Ltd. Printed in Great Britain
on acid-free paper by Biddles Ltd.,
Guildford and KingÕs Lynn
to Seth, Geoffrey, and John
acknowledgements
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Essential support for launching this project came from awards granted by the Harry Frank Guggenheim Foundation in 1989Ð91. Their generous Þnancial and moral support is gratefully acknowledged. The University of Rochester gave me one-semester academic leaves in 1991, 1993, and 1997, for which I am likewise grateful.
Warm thanks go to the anonymous Clarendon Press readers, and to William Calin, John Maddicott, Jeffrey Ravel, and Roberta Krueger, who read large parts of the book manuscript and gave helpful critiques. Tony Morris encouraged the project and saw the book through the contract stage at the Press with much appreciated skill and enthusiasm. Ruth Parr, Anna Illingworth, and Dorothy McLean directed the crucial process by which a large manuscript became a book. Sarah Dancy did the truly heroic work of copy-editing. The staff in Reference and Interlibrary Loan, Rush Rhees Library, University of Rochester, obtained even the most obscure French sources. The index was skilfully prepared by Nicholas Waddy.
Responding to my ideas as I formulated them was one gift from my wife Margaret. Even more important was her splendidly sound advice as I shaped the book and her unfailing capacity to ask the hard questions.
This book is dedicated to my sons, Seth, Geoffrey, and John, with love and pride.
Richard W. Kaeuper
University of Rochester
contents
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Acknowledgements |
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vii |
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Prologue |
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1 |
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PART 1. ISSUES AND APPROACHES |
5 |
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1. |
The Problem of Public Order and the Knights |
11 |
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The High Middle Ages and Order |
11 |
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Three Witnesses 12 |
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Context: Socio-Economic and Institutional Change 19 |
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Evidence from Chivalric Literature |
22 |
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Conclusion 28 |
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2. Evidence on Chivalry and its Interpretation |
30 |
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Did Knights Read Romance? 30 |
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Is Chivalric Literature Hopelessly Romantic? 33 |
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The Framework of Institutions and Ideas 36 |
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PART II. THE LINK WITH CLERGIE |
41 |
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3. |
Knights and Piety |
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45 |
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Lay Piety, Lay Independence 45 |
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Chivalric Mythology |
53 |
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Knights and Hermits |
57 |
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4. Clergie, Chevalerie, and Reform |
63 |
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Clerical Praise for Knightly Militia |
64 |
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Clerical Strictures on Knightly Malitia 73 |
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The Church and Governing Power |
81 |
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The Force of Ideas |
84 |
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PART III. THE LINK WITH ROYAUTƒ |
89 |
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5. |
Chevalerie and RoyautŽ |
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93 |
Royal Stance on War and Violence 93