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Unit 1

Vocabulary

Task 1. Read and translate the text.

The President

The President of the Republic of Kazakhstan is the head of the state, its high official who identifies the main directions of domestic and foreign policies of the state and represents Kazakhstan within the country and international relations. The President of RK guarantees the nation unity, the rights and liberties of its citizens, respects laws and the constitution of Kazakhstan. The President of RK assures approved functioning of all branches of the state structure and State authorities’ responsibility to the nation; he is the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of Military Forces of Kazakhstan. The President of RK shall be elected by universal, equal and direct suffrage under a secret ballot for a seven-year term in accordance with the constitutional law by the citizens of the Republic who have come of age. A citizen of the Republic by birth shall be eligible for the office of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan if he is not younger than thirty five and not older than sixty five; has a perfect command of the state language and has lived in Kazakhstan for not less than fifteen years. The President of the Republic of Kazakhstan hall not have the right to be a deputy of a representative body, hold other paid offices and engage in entrepreneurial-activity. One and the same person may not be elected the President of the Republic more than two times in a row. Regular elections of the President of the Republic shall be held on the first Sunday of December and shall not coincide with the election of a new Parliament of the Republic. The candidate who receives more than 50 percent of the votes of the constituents that took part in the election shall be deemed elected. If none of the candidates receives the above number of votes, a second round of elections shall be held between the two candidates who obtained the largest number of votes. The candidate who receives the larger number of votes of the constituents who take part in the second round of elections shall be deemed elected. The president of the Republic of Kazakhstan shall take office from the moment of swearing to the people. The President of the Republic shall suspend his activity in the political party for the period he exercises his powers.

Nursultan Abishuly Nazarbayev (Nursultan Abishevich Nazarbayev) is the current President of Kazakhstan.

Born the 6th of July 1940 in Shamalghan village, Kharasai district, Almaty region.

1967 – graduated from technical institution of higher education attached to Kharaghandy metallurgical industrial complex.

Doctor of Economic Sciences.

Academician of National Science Academy of Kazakhstan, of International Engineer Academy, Social Sciences Academy of Russian Federation. Honorary professor of Kazakh State University named after Al-Farabi. Honorary member of Belarusian Science Academy. Honorary professor of Moscow State University named after Lomonosov.

1960 – 1969 – worked at Kharaghandy metallurgical industrial complex.

1969 – 1973 – party, komsomol work in Temirtau, Kharaghandy region.

1973 – 1977 – party committee secretary of Kharaghandy metallurgical industrial complex.

1977 – 1979 – secretary, second secretary of Kharaghandy regional party committee.

1979 – 1984 – Central Committee of Communist Party of Kazakhstan secretary.

1984 – 1989 – chairman of Ministers Council of Kazakhstan.

1989 – 1991 – first secretary of Central Committee of Communist Party of Kazakhstan.

At the same time from February till April 1990 – the Chairman of High Council of Kazakhstan.

April 1990 – the President of Kazakhstan.

1 December 1991 first nation-wide elections of the President of the Republic took place where N.A. Nazarbayev was supported by 98.78% of voters.

The 29th of April 1995 the Presidents power was extended till 2000 at nation-wide referendum.

The 10th of January 1999 on the alternative basis was elected as a President of Kazakhstan supported by 79.78% of voters.

Chairman of the Assembly of Peoples of Kazakhstan.

Supreme Commander in Chief of Military Forces of Kazakhstan.

Chairman of World Association of Kazakhs.

On 4 December 2005, new Presidential elections were held, and President Nazarbayev won by an overwhelming majority of 91.15%.

Nazarbayev was sworn in for another seven-year term on 11 January 2006.

Task 2. Read and translate the text.

The Parliament.

The legislative branch in Kazakhstan is presented by bicameral Parliament: Lower Chamber – Mazhilis, Upper Chamber – Senate. According to the Constitution Parliament is a high representative body of republic that realizes legislative functions.

Senate

Senate is established by elected from each region, city and the capital of Kazakhstan deputies at joint sessions of deputies of all representative bodies of regions, cities of republican importance and the capital. Seven deputies of Senate are appointed by the president.

There 39 deputies in the Upper Chamber, 32 of them are elected, 7 are appointed by the Head of State.

Exclusive powers of the Upper Chamber of Parliament of Kazakhstan:

- by the presentation of the President, election and relieve from the post the head of Supreme Court, the heads of Supreme Court Board and judges, tendering an oath.

- give the consent to the appointment by the President of Procurator – General of Kazakhstan and the Head of the Committee of national security.

- to deprive of immunity of Procurator – General, the Head and the judges of the Supreme Court of Kazakhstan.

- pre-term termination of powers of local representative bodies.

- consider the impeachment of the President initiated by Mazhilis and submit the results to the consideration of joint session of Chambers.

The Head of Senate is Khasym-Zhomart Kemelevich Tokhayev.

Mazhilis

Mazhilis deputies are elected on the basis of direct, equal and universal suffrage at secret ballot. Deputy corps of Mazhilis is formed by deputies elected by proportional and majority systems.

There are 77 deputies in the Lower Chamber of Parliament.

10 deputies of Mazhilis are elected on the proportional system by single national constituency. The rest 67 deputies are elected by single candidate territorial constituency according to the administrative and territorial division of the country.

Exclusive powers of Lower Chamber of Parliament of Kazakhstan:

- consideration of law drafting;

- discussion of republican budget and reports of its execution, amendments to the budget, setting up state taxes and duties;

- ratification and denunciation of international treaties of Kazakhstan;

- passes the vote of no confidence to the Government;

- bring an accusation against the President with high treason;

- appointment and discharge from the post by the presentation of the Head of State, the Head of Deputy, the secretary and the members of Electoral Commission of Kazakhstan;

delegating two deputies to Qualification Board of Justice.

The Head of Mazhilis is Mukhamedzhanov Oral Baigunsovich.

The Government

The Government of Kazakhstan exercises executive power, heads the system of executive bodies and provides guidance of their activities. The Head of the Government is appointed by the President when the candidature of the premier has been approved by the majority of Parliament. Personal composition of the government is appointed by the President by the presentation of candidatures by premier.

Structure and composition of the government of Kazakhstan.

Prime-minister submits for a consideration to the President the structure of the government. The structure of the government is the Prime-Minister, Vice Prime-Minister, 3 Prime-Minister deputies and 16 ministers.

Principal powers of the Government of Kazakhstan:

  • elaboration and realization of principal tendencies of social economic state policy, defense potential of the country, security and guarantee of public order;

  • submission for the Parliament’s (Mazhilis) consideration the republican budget and its executive report, ensuring the execution of the republican budget;

  • bring in a bill into Parliament, execution ensuring;

  • guidance ministries, state committees, other central and local executive bodies activities;

  • appointing to a post and dismissal the heads of central executive bodies that are out of government.

Termination of the powers of the Government of Kazakhstan.

The government resigns its powers before a new elected Head of State. The government declares its go out to the President when Parliament (Mazhilis) passes the vote of no confidence and also tenders the resignation on the initiative of the President, when Prime-Minister resigned.

The Prime-Minister of Kazakhstan is Karim Kazhimkanovich Massimov.

Task 3. Read and translate the text.

Judicial power.

Judicial power is realized through civil, administrative and penal procedure. Bodies of judicial power are the Supreme Court and inferior courts.

The particularity of Kazakh procedure is the absence of arbitration procedure. Economic disputes are resolved in civil procedure despite of subjects. Courts take the judicial acts in the form of decisions, sentences, determination and orders.

Supreme Court is a high judicial body on civil, penal, economic and other cases jurisdictional to inferior courts, controls their activities and provides clarifications of judicial practice.

The Head of Supreme Court is Mami Khairat.

Constitutional council

Constitutional council of Kazakhstan has a particular position in the political system of Kazakhstan. Its powers are defined in the article 72 of the Constitution.

Constitutional council decides in the case of dispute the propriety of conduct:

  • elections of the President;

  • elections of the Parliament deputies;

  • republican referendum;

  • Constitutional council examines;

  • the conformity of adopted by Parliament laws and signed by the President to the Constitution;

  • the conformity of the ratifications of international treaties to the Constitution.

Constitutional council provides with:

  • official interpretation of the Constitution norms;

  • the conclusion of the observance of the established constitutional proceedings before Parliament takes a decision about the pre-term discharge from the post of the President, final decision on renouncement from the post of the President.

The final decision of the Constitutional council entries into force from the date when the decision has been taken and is obligatory over all territory of the country irrevocable and without further appeal. Other decision entries into force in the order defined by the Constitutional council.

When the objections of the President cannot be overcome then the decision of the Constitutional council is not accepted and constitutionqal procedure terminates.

СРСП 1

Task 1. Read and translate the text.

The Constitution.

We, the people of Kazakhstan, united by a common historic fate, creating a state on the indigenous Kazakh land, considering ourselves a peace-loving and civil society, dedicated to the ideals of freedom, equality and concord, wishing to take a worthy place in the world community, realizing our high responsibility before the present and future generations, proceeding from our sovereign right, accept this Constitution.

Section 1

GENERAL PROVISIONS

Article 1

  1. The Republic of Kazakhtan proclaims itself a democratic, secular, legal and social state whose highest values are on individual, hi life, rights and freedom.

  2. The fundamental principles of the activity of the Republic are public concord an d political stability; economic development for the benefits of all the nation. Kazakhstan patriotism and resolution of the most important issues of the affairs of state by democratic methods including voting at an all-nation referendum or in the Parliament.

Article 2

  1. The Republic of Kazakhstan is a unitary state with a presidential form of government.

  1. The sovereignty of the Republic extends to its entire territory. The state ensures the integrity, inviolability and inalienability of its territory.

  2. The administrative and territorial division of the Republic of Kazakhstan, location and status of its capital are determined by law.

  3. The names “Republic of Kazakhstan” and “Kazakhstan” have the same meaning.

Article 3

Unit 2