Lesson 4. MEDICAL EDUCATION IN BRITAIN AND IN THE UNITED STATES.

1. Impersonal sentences

2. Degrees of comparison of adjectives

1. Answer the questions:

What day is it today? What is the date today? What season is it now? What time is it ? Is it cold or hot outside? Is it hard to be a medical student? What date was it yesterday? Was it easy to get ready for this class? How long does it usually take you to get ready for your classes? Is it easier to learn English or Chinese?

How long did it take you to do your English home task for today? Were your classes at school easier than your classes at university? Was your school closer to your place than the university? Who is the youngest in your family? Who is the oldest in your group? Do your friends have more free time than you do? What is the most important thing for a doctor?

2. Active Vocabulary:

commence [kəˈmɛns] - починати preliminary [prɪˈlɪmɪnərɪ] - попередній bachelor's degree [ˈbætʃələz dɪˈgriː] – ступінь бакалавра entry [ˈɛntrɪ] - вступ completion [kəmˈpli:ʃən] - закінчення distinct styles – різні стилі problem based learning - проблемно-орієнтоване навчання mature [məˈtjʊə] - зрілий self-sufficient [selfsəˈfiʃənt] - самостійний input [ˈɪnˌpʊt] – надання інформації tutor [ˈtjuːtə] - викладач

pre-registration house officer – [preˌredʒɪsˈtreɪʃən] - незареєстрований сімейний лікар obtain [əbˈteɪn] - здобувати General Medical Council – Генеральна медична рада trainee [treɪˈniː] - практикант highly supervised job – високо курируюма робота independently [ˌɪndɪˈpɛndəntli] – самостійно vocational training [vəʊˈkeɪʃən^əl] - професійна підготовка General practitioner (GP) [prækˈtɪʃənə]– лікар широкого профілю Senior House Officer – старший сімейний лікар relevant [ˈrɛlɪvənt] - відповідний

3. Translate the following word combinations into your language:

To specialise in one field, after completion of medical school, entry to British medical schools, the course lasts five years, a four-year preliminary bachelor's degree, relevant exams, work independently as a GP, highly supervised jobs , followed by clinical experience at a teaching hospital , commence medical studies, two distinct styles, aim to develop a mature and self-sufficient style of learning, graduate as a Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery, encourage students to work on solving clinical scenarios, training in General Medicine and General Surgery, occur one year after graduation, with little input from tutors in the form of lectures.

4. Read the text about medical education in Great Britain:

British students generally commence their medical studies without any preliminary higher education, typically at the age of eighteen or nineteen. This contrasts with the U.S. system, where a four-year preliminary bachelor's degree is required for entry to medical school. Entry to British medical schools is very competitive. In Britain the course lasts five years, including 2 years of preclinical training, followed by clinical experience at a teaching hospital for additional 3 years. After successful completion of clinical training they graduate as Bachelors of Medicine and Surgery.

In Great Britain the delivery of medical education is traditionally divided into two distinct styles. Problem Based Learning aims to develop a mature and self-sufficient style of learning by encouraging students to work on solving clinical scenarios with little input from tutors in the form of lectures. Traditional Courses are classically lecture-intensive with much more time devoted to didactic teaching.

In the final year of medical school medical students become Pre-registration house officers. Before obtaining full registration with the General Medical Council (which occurs one year after graduation), trainees are legally only able to work in certain highly supervised jobs and cannot legally practice independently.

After completion of medical school, junior doctors go through a vocational training phase, during which they practice in a variety of different specialities. These must include training in General Medicine and General Surgery but can also include other fields such as Paediatrics or General Practice. After that a doctor can choose to specialise in one field. The majority of doctors the UK work in the community as General practitioners (GPs). To train as a GP, one completes two years of posts as a Senior House Officer (SHO) in a variety of hospital specialties - often including paediatrics, psychiatry, care of the elderly and obstetrics & gynaecology. After completing this training and the relevant exams, the doctor can work independently as a GP.