ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОЕ АГЕНТСТВО ПО ОБРАЗОВАНИЮ

ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЕ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЕ ВЫСШЕГО ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ

«ТЮМЕНСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ НЕФТЕГАЗОВЫЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ»

ГУМАНИТАРНЫЙ ФАКУЛЬТЕТ

Кафедра иностранных языков № 1

Методические указания

по дисциплине «Английский язык»

для самостоятельной работы

студентов II курса

специальностей МБП-…, БМС-…

дневной и заочной форм обучения

Тюмень

2006

Утверждено редакционно-издательским советом

Тюменского государственного нефтегазового университета

Составители: ассистент Зольникова Е.Н.

ассистент Медведева И.А.

Отв. редактор: ст. преподаватель Терлецкая Т.Н.

Настоящие методические указания предназначены для развития языковых навыков студентов II курса специальностей МБП, БМС очной и заочной форм обучения. Представленный сборник состоит из 10 частей, в которые включены темы, соответствующие рабочей программе.

Каждая тема содержит текст, снабженный списком слов, и ряд упражнений, направленных на активацию тематического словаря и развитие навыков устной речи.

Данные методические указания рассчитаны для самостоятельной работы студентов.

UNIT 1

The British National Health Service

I. Vocabulary focus

1. Match the definitions with the medical expressions:

1. a hospital with a medical school

2. a doctor’s work, or place of work

3. a doctor who treats all types of illness

4. a specialist doctor

5. someone who visits a hospital for treatment but does not stay overnight

1. consultant

2. General Practitioner

3. outpatient

4. teaching hospital

5. practice

2. Useful words for learning.

to be responsible for something - быть ответственным за что-то

to be exempt from - быть свободным от …

efficiency - эффективность

responsibility - ответственность

cancer - рак

to persuade - убеждать

percentage - процент

to involve - включать в себя

II. Reading

1. Read and translate the text.

The British National Service (NHS) was set up in 1948 and was designed to provide equal basic health care, free of charge, for everybody in the country. Before this time health care had to be paid for by individuals.

Nowadays central government is directly responsible for the NHS although it is administered by local health authorities. About 83 per cent of the cost of the health service is paid for by general taxation and the rest is met from the national Insurance contributions paid by those in work. There are charges for prescriptions and dental care but many people, such as children, pregnant women, pensioners, and those on Income Support, are exempt from payment.

Most people are registered with a local doctor (a GP, or General Practitioner) who is increasingly likely to be part of a health centre which serves the community.

As the population of Britain gets older, the hospital service now treats more patients than ever before, although patients spend less time in hospital. NHS hospitals - many which were built in the nineteenth century – provide nearly half a million beds and have over 480,000 medical staff. The NHS is the biggest employer in Europe although Britain actually spends less per person on health care than most of her European neighbors.

During the 1980s there was considerable restructuring of the Health Service with an increased emphasis on managerial efficiency and the privatization of some services (for example, cleaning). In the 1990s a number of NHS reforms were introduced by the Conservative and Labor governments including self-management of hospitals and a ‘market’ for patients who were referred to hospitals for treatment. Hospitals and GPs were given more financial responsibility. The political questions continue about how the NHS should be run, how much money should be provided to support it and where the money should come from.