Freeway beginner / Grammar / Verbals / Modals
.docModals and their Equivalents
1. Supply can, may, must and their negative forms where needed.
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Have you seen my bag? I ……… find it.
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.......... I sit next to you if this seat is free?
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“Do you know where Jack is?” – “He ………. be in his office busy with important documents. Call there”
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Come on! We ………. hurry. The train leaves in half an hour.
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I like this hotel room. You ………. see the mountains from the window.
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I’m sorry but we ………. come to your party next Saturday.
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I………. get up earlier tomorrow. I’ve lots of work to do.
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She got this job because she ………. speak five languages.
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Sue has dislocated her ankle. She ………. come to disco tomorrow.
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Take your umbrella with you. It ……… rain tonight.
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The windows are very dirty. I ………. clean them.
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These cakes are very nice. You ………. have one.
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This is a secret. You ………. tell anybody.
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We ………. go to the cinema this week. Would you like with us?
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You are speaking very quietly. I ………. hear you.
2. Rewrite these sentences using can, can’t, could, couldn’t.
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Do you see that man over there? – Can you see that man over there?
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I smell something burning. – ………………………………………………………………
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I understood what he did. – ………………………………………………………………..
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Did you understand what he said? – .....................................................................................
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I don’t see anyone. – ……………………………………………………………………….
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I didn’t see what happened. – ……………………………………………………………...
3. Supply suitable forms of to be able to in these sentences.
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Our teacher says we will be able to speak English fluently in a few months.
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I’ve been trying for hours, but so far I (not) ………. get through on the phone.
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If he had asked me earlier, I ……… help him.
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I’m sure she would have helped you if she ………… .
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I think I ……….play table tennis better after a bit of practice.
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He has managed to live in England for years without ……… speak English.
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I’m practicing hard because I want to ………. pass my driving test first time.
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If I ……… sing, I would have loved to be an opera singer.
4. Complete the sentences with must, mustn’t, needn’t.
Model: We haven’t got much time. We must hurry.
We’ve got plenty of time. We needn’t hurry.
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‘Do you want me to wait for you?’ ‘No, it’s okay. You ………. wait.’
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Tom gave me letter to post. I ………. forget to post it.
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You ………. come if you don’t want to but I hope you will.
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‘What sort of house do you want to buy? Something big?’ ‘Well, it ………. be big – that’s not important. But it ………. have a nice garden – it’s essential.’
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We have enough food at home so we ………. go shopping today.
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This book is very valuable. You ……. look after it very carefully and you ……. lose it.
5. Rephrase these notices to give or refuse permission. Begin each sentence with You…
Model: Thank you for not smoking. – You may not smoke.
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No camping or picnicking. - ………………………………………………………………
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Fishing is strictly forbidden. - ……………………………………………………………..
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Campers welcome. - ………………………………………………………………………
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Private – Keep Out. - ……………………………………………………………………...
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Do not lean out of the window. - ………………………………………………………….
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Leave your litter here. - …………………………………………………………………...
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No stopping. - ……………………………………………………………………………..
6. Respond to these statements with should, shouldn’t, shouldn’t have done that.
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Your friend is coughing because he smokes too much. – You should stop smoking.
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I had to stop on the motorway. – You shouldn’t have done that.
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John read your letter. – ……………………………………………………………………
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Your friend has a bad toothache. – ………………………………………………………..
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Frank and Jane sat in the sun all day. – ……………………………………………………
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Jane left the front door unlocked. – ……………………………………………………….
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Your friend rides a bicycle at night without lights. – ……………………………………..
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I borrowed your car this morning. – ………………………………………………………
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Your friend is going to visit Greece and he doesn’t speak Greek. – ………………………
7. Translate the sentences using can / could / to be able to, may / might, must / to be to / to have to, should / ought to, need.
1. Він уміє так швидко бігати з дитинства! 2. Півгодини я намагався відчинити двері, але не зміг. 3. Коли ти зможеш дати мені її адресу? 4. Мені дозволили керувати дідусевим раритетним авто. 5. Ти не можеш розмовляти з ним так неввічливо. 6. Батьки сказали, що нам можна ходити на річку без них. 7. Він міг би і подзвонити! 8. У цій гімназії всі учні повинні носити шкільну форму. 9. Кому довелося поїхати з ним? 10. Її можна було часто побачити в цьому ресторані. 11. Їм слід піклуватися про здоров’я. 12. Краще випий гарячого чаю. 13. Їм немає потреби так поспішати. 14. Вони могли і не запитувати: вона сама б усе розповіла. 15. Мені не треба жити в готелі: у мене є родичі в цьому місці.
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evision
Test on Modals and their Equivalents
Choose the most appropriate answer.
1. You _______ go there with me. I can handle it myself, it’s not difficult.
a) may not b) must not c) don’t have to d) had better not
2. ________ opening the door, please?
a) Can you b) Could you c) Will you d) Would you mind
3. I _______ give you a lift to the station. My car broke down yesterday.
a) must not b) should not c) may not d) can’t
4. I _______ Tom to help me, but I wanted to do everything myself.
a) was able to ask b) could have asked c) should have asked d) had to ask
5. He didn’t go to the park with us yesterday because he ________ write a report.
a) should b) must c) had to d) could
6. I left my bag here just 5 minutes ago. You _________ it!
a) should have seen b) must have seen c) were able to see d) could see
7. You _______ the bills 2 weeks ago!
a) had better pay b) should pay c) ought to pay d) should have paid
8. I don’t know how to help you. Ask Anton for help. He ________ be able to find a solution.
a) must b) has to c) might d) will
9. I ________ play tennis when I was younger, but I don’t now.
a) had to b) was able to c) used to d) should
10. You want to call them now? It’s already after midnight! They ________ .
a) must sleep b) should sleep c) may sleep d) must be sleeping