Экзамен - Старые темы - 1999 / Scientists of Ukraine

THE OUTSTANDING UKRAINIAN SCIENTISTS

Many outstanding discoveries that serve people in exploration of outer space, medicine, nuclear physics and other branches of science belong to the scientists of Ukraine.

The Science of our country is proud of the names of Oleksander Potebnya, Oleksander Bogomolets, Eugene Paton and others.

Oleksander Potebnya was a linguist, folklorist, literary scholar, who regarded language as an individual’s and nation’s only possible means of perceiving world and thinking.

The name of Oleksander Bogomolets is well known throughout the world. He gained worldwide fame by his works in biology, physiology and pathology. He developed the hypothesis that the course of the disease and recovery depends on the resistance of the organism, which in its turn depends on the condition of the nervous system and the connective tissues. O.Bogomolets was not only a brilliant scientist but also a good administrator. In 1930-1946 he was President of the Academy of Sciences of Ukraine.

A real industrial revolution in many branches of metallurgy was made by the development of a new high-speed method of autogenous welding performed by the talented Ukrainian scientist Eugene Oskarovich Paton.

Paton carved profound track in the world science. He lived to work and create for his own country. Paton’s discoveries, without any doubt, served not only as a theoretical basis for the development of metallurgy in our country but also enabled our scientists to fulfil number of huge problems in construction industry.

Let us take a few examples to illustrate Paton’s creative life. The Great Patriotic War broke out when he was 71. In spite of his age Paton put all his life and energy to put new plants for building tanks in a large scale.

The discovery of new methods of electric welding made by E.O.Paton solved many problems in supplying the Army with necessary military equipment. After the Great Patriotic War Paton’s discoveries were successfully used in construction industry.

A wonderful piece of the metallurgy art- a bridge over the Dniper, was built under Paton’s supervision in 1949. It was named after its creator.

The Electric Welding Institute named after Paton is now the largest center of welding science. New problems of welding in outer space have been developed by its creative staff, serving the scientific and technical progress of our country.