Module 2 professional sports and competitions
LEAD-IN
a) Look at these pictures and name them.
b) Which of these activities are sports? Give your reasons.
2. A) Read the article to find the answers to these questions.
According to the writer, which of these activities are sports?
figure skating/ golf / gymnastics baseball
How did he make his decision?
Do all athletes participate in sports?
Is everyone who participates in a sport an athlete?
What Makes a Sport?
What is a sport? In my opinion, there are some activities th at are definitely sports: baseball, football, basketball, hockey, golf, and bowling. And there are some activities that are definitely not sports: cheerleading, dance, figure skating, and gymnastics. How did I decide? An activity is not a sport if a judge or a group of judges chooses the winner. The competition itself should decide the result. Judges decide the winners of figure skating, cheerleading, dance, and gymnastics competitions. Therefore, none of them are sports. In the non-sports listed, judges determine the winners based on their opinions. Judges are human and many things can influence them. Maybe they think one competitor wins too often or not enough. Perhaps they don't like one of the contestants. Perhaps they just prefer one competitor's music or their clothes. The point is that we can never be certain that the winner was really the best. Of course, you might say that every sport has judges. Umpires in baseball and referees in basketball make decisions, too. However, one bad decision by an official doesn't decide the winner of these games. The competition does.
According to my definition, activities like bowling, Ping-Pong, and even curling are sports. The person or team that has more points or finishes first wins. The opinion of a judge is not necessary.
There is one more important point. You can be an athlete and not participate in a sport. Cheerleaders, dancers, gymnasts, and figure skaters are incredible athletes. Their activities require a lot of athleticism, strength, and flexibility. They are athletes, but they do not participate in sports. They participate in athletic competitions. In addition, you can participate in a sport and not be an athlete. Bowlers and golfers do not have to be great athletes. They are people with a specific skill, but they are not athletes.
There is one exception to my definition. NASCAR is not a sport. It is simply entertainment. And, in my opinion, it's not even good entertainment.
(Adapted with permission from an article by Brian Grossman, published in Technician, an online publication of North Carolina State University)
b) Discuss your ideas.
Do you agree with the following definition of a sport? Why or Why not?
A human activity that is competitive, has a definite result, requires physical activity and/or physical skill .
Would the writer of agree with this definition? Why or Why not?
READING
Read the words and practice their pronunciation.
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keep the rules break the rules behavior forbid forbidden depend (upon, on) due to solve advertise advertising exist means many-sided training eliminate elimination permit movable qualities load loading create modulate
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дотримуватися правил порушувати правила поведінка забороняти заборонений залежати від завдяки, зважаючи на вирішувати рекламувати рекламування існувати засіб усестороннє тренування відбирати відбір дозволяти рухові якості навантажувати навантаження створювати моделювати
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Read and translate the following text.