- •Immune system
- •Vocabulary
- •Word-building
- •Grammar:
- •Simple tenses (revision)
- •Reading and developing speaking skills
- •Immune system
- •Immunity
- •Overview
- •Lesson 44
- •Vocabulary
- •Word-building
- •Grammar:
- •Functions of “one”
- •Reading and developing speaking skills
- •Overview
- •Lesson 45
- •Vocabulary
- •Word-building
- •Grammar:
- •Infinitive and its forms
- •Інфінітив у формі|у формі| Continuous| виражає тривалу дію, що відбувається одночасно з дією, вираженою дієсловом-присудком:
- •Інфінітив у формі|у формі| Perfect| виражає|виказує,висловлює| дію, що передує дії, вираженій дієсловом-присудком:
- •Subjective infinitive construction
- •Reading and developing speaking skills
- •Endocrine system
- •Ex. 16. Translate the text “Endocrine System” into Ukrainian.
- •Endocrine glands
- •Functions of hormones
- •Ex. 34. Speak on the some endocrine glands using obtained data. You may use the following expressions:
- •Thyroid gland
- •Overview
- •Vocabulary
- •Grammar:
- •Objective infinitive construction
- •Reading and developing speaking skills
- •Diabetes mellitus
- •Insulin injection
- •Medication
- •Overview
- •Unit 4 lesson 49 nervous system
- •Vocabulary
- •Word-building
- •Nervous system
- •Various forms of nerve cells.
- •Spinal cord
- •Overview
- •Lesson 50
- •Vocabulary
- •Word-building
- •Grammar:
- •Sequence of tenses
- •Reading and developing speaking skills
- •Ex. 20. Read the following abstract and write down all unknown medical terms. Translate them with the aid of dictionary. Tell about the hypothalamic functions: hypothalamus
- •Human brain and its functions
- •What is wonderful about the brain?
- •Overview
- •Lesson 51
- •Vocabulary
- •Reading and developing speaking skills
- •Disorders of nervous system
- •Infections
- •Ex. 8. Read and memorize the following words:
- •Degenerative disorders
- •Ex. 16. Write the summary of the text "Degenerative Disorders" overview
- •Lesson 52
- •Vocabulary
- •Word-building
- •Grammar:
- •Adverbs
- •Reading and developing speaking skills Ex. 4. Read the vocabulary and memorize new words. Ex. 5. Insert the missing letters, read the following words and translate them:
- •Accessory structures
- •Eye placement
- •Overview
- •Lesson 53
- •Vocabulary
- •Word-building
- •Grammar:
- •Noun as attribute
- •Reading and developing speaking skills
- •Ear disorders
- •Communicating with a hearing-impaired person
- •Vocabulary
- •Word-building
- •Reading and developing speaking skills
- •What is your skin type
- •Ex. 22. Read and translate the following text: skin disorders
- •Vocabulary
- •Word-building
- •Grammar:
- •Objective participle construction
- •The Objective Participle Construction перекладається підрядним реченням зі сполучником “як”: I saw them walking along the street.Я бачив, як вони йшли по вулиці.
- •Reading and developing speaking skills
- •Urinary system
- •Ex. 20. Make up a dialogue on the urinary system.
- •Functions of urinary system
- •Fluid excretion
- •Kidneys
- •Ex. 26. Describe the structure of kidney using the following figure:
- •Ex. 27 Describe kidneys’ functions. The following expressions may be helpful:
- •Ex. 28. Write the summary of the text "Kidneys".
- •Overview
- •Lesson 57
- •Vocabulary
- •Word-building
- •Grammar:
- •Functions of the verb “to have”
- •Reading and developing speaking skills
- •Kidneys disorders
- •Kidney stones
- •Ex. 23. Pronounce and memorize the words to the theme studied:
- •Kidney transplantation
- •Overview
- •Vocabulary
- •Word-building
- •Grammar:
- •Ing- form of the verb:
- •Reading and developing speaking skills
- •Pregnancy
- •Food and nutrition during pregnancy
- •Development of the organ systems
- •Signs of pregnancy
- •Vocabulary
- •Word-building
- •Grammar: simple tenses (revision)
- •Reading and developing skills
- •Death; embryo; adolescent; occur; amount; achieve; subsequent; myelin sheath; push; raise; grasp; listen; quietly; laugh; loud.
- •First year after birth
- •Development during the preschool years
- •School years
LESSON 43
Immune system
Vocabulary
past [pAst] мимо; за, по той бік defense [dI'fens] захист humoral ['hju:m(q)rql] гуморальний, опосередкований антитілами cell-mediated ["sel'medIeItId] клітинно-опосередкований parasite ['pxrqsQIt] паразит derive [dI'rQIv] виводити; отримувати; добувати; породжувати derived [dI'raIvd] похідний, вторинний thymus gland ['TQImqs 'glxnd] тимус, вилочкова (зобна) залоза dissolved [dI'zOlvd] розчинений transparent [trxns'pFqr(q)nt] прозорий germ [Gq:m] мікроорганізм |
recover [rI'kAvq] відновлювати; видужувати suppress [sq'pres] припиняти; стримувати eliminate [I'lImIneIt] знищувати, ліквідувати in response to [rIs'pOns] у відповідь на exposure [Iks'pquZq] зараження, контакт з джерелом зараження; стимуляція; експозиція majority [mq'GOrItI] більшість encounter [In'kQuntq] наштовхнутися engulf [In'gAlf] поглинати fungi (sing. fungus) ['fAnGaI] гриби; грибки protozoa ["prqutqu'zqu] протозоа, прості одноклітинні тваринні організми helminth ['helmInT] глист, паразитний глист |
Word-building
Ex. 1. Familiarize yourself with the following material:
Prefixes and term-elements:
inter- (between)
intra- (within)
macro-(large)
Ex. 2. Read and translate the following words:
A.Intercellular, interspersed, interdependence; intercostal; interaction; international; interrelate; intermediate; interphase.
B. Intracellular, intravenous; intramuscular; intracranial; intracardiac; intrapleural; intrathoracic; intraspinal.
C. Macrocephalia; macromolecule; macrophage.
Grammar:
Ex. 3. Familiarize yourself with the data of the following table:
Simple tenses (revision)
Tense |
Active Voice |
Passive Voice |
Present |
V, V+s |
am (is, are) + V3 |
Past |
V2 |
was (were) + V3 |
Future |
will (shall) + V |
will (shall) + be + V3 |
Ex. 4. Insert the correct forms of the verbs and translate the sentences into Ukrainian:
1. Immune system (to design) by nature millions of years ago to aid the body in recovering from injuries and illnesses. 2. The lymph (to flow) from the capillaries in all parts of the body into the lymphatic vessels. 3. Although we (to inhale) and (to eat) thousands of germs every day, the immune system (to prevent) the spread of various diseases. 4. We (to bear) with a genetically based natural defense system. 5. Diabetes (to occur) when the cells in the pancreas are destroyed. 6. Your immune system (to need) help to function at the highest capacity. 7. Sticky mucus in respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts (to trap) many microorganisms.
Ex. 5. Determine the tense-forms of the predicates in the following sentences:
1. Foreign substances enter the body and cause the manufacture of antibodies. 2. Various bacteria live in the nose and mouth. 3. An anaerobe is a microorganism that can live without oxygen, while an aerobe requires oxygen. 4. Some macrophages are concentrated in the lungs, liver, lining of the lymph nodes and spleen. 5. B cells are produced in the stem cells of the bone marrow. 6. Phagocytes dissolve and destroy bacteria, viruses, and fungi. 7. The lymph nodes are usually distributed in groups.