Angliyskiy

Exercises

I. Give English equivalents for the following:

обязательный, начальный, общеобразовательный, школы совместного обучения мальчиков и девочек, заканчивать, принимать, обязательное образование, детский сад, экзамен, предмет, университет, частный, возможность, давать (присваивать), бакалавр, плата, подготавливать, фунт (стерлингов), школа-интернат.

II. Read and translate the text.

The Russian Education System

Originally Russian education starts from the early age. Children can start going to kindergarten from the age of two, but this is not a compulsory education. It depends on parents’ decision and child’s wish to attend this institution.

In the Russian Federation the school education is compulsory. Pupils start going to school from the age of seven and till 16. Mandatory education in Russia is presented by three types of schools: primary, secondary and high.

The primary school teaches its pupils elementary skills, such as reading, writing, counting. Many schools also offer foreign languages or some other special disciplines at this age.

The most important period is the secondary school, which starts from the 4th or 5th grade, depending on school. This is the time when children start learning Biology, Geography, Chemistry, Physics, Computing, and many other new subjects.

At the 9th grade children face a very important period in their life. They have to choose whether to continue school education, or to leave for other types of educational institutions, such as college, specialized schools and else. If the pupil decides to continue studying in high school, which lasts for two years, he can enter the university after school graduation.

Of course, it’s only the general pattern of education in Russia, but there can also be some exceptions nowadays. For example, there are lots of special schools, where they pay attention only to particular subjects. Also, apart from state schools, there are a number of private schools, where education is not free of charge.

When they complete high grades they can either continue to study at school for more 2 years, or go to a professional school where

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they study not only main subjects, but are able to learn some profession. When school pupils leave school they can try to continue their education in institutes or universities.

III. Find some additional information from the Internet resources about education in Russia and in Britain. Divide into 2 teams. The first team finds the differences and the second one – similar features between education systems in Great Britain and Russia.

IV. Read and translate the text

Chelyabinsk State Agroengineering Academy

In May 1930 the first Higher Educational Establishment in Chelyabinsk was set up – the Ural Institute of Industrial Agriculture, which was renamed in 1945 into Chelyabinsk Institute of Mechanization and Electrification of Agriculture. In January 1991 it got the status of University. Now its present name – Chelyabinsk State Agroengineering Academy (ChSAA). ChSAA takes the sixth place among 58 Agrouniversities of Russia today. It is one of the leading scientific centers in the South Urals and Siberia in the sphere of agricultural science and training of specialists for agriculture and processing industry.

In 1980 the University got the governmental award – the Order of the Red Banner of Labour for its great services in preparing highlyqualified specialists and development of agricultural science.

There are about 6000 students of daytime department and extramural department and also more than 100 postgraduates and doctorants at the University today. The University prepares engineers, economists, agronomists, ecologists, teachers, bachelors and masters in 10 leading specialties:

-Mechanization of Agriculture;

-Electrification and Automatization of Agriculture;

-Mechanization of Agricultural Products Processing; - Vocational Training;

-Service and Technical Exploitation of Transport and Technological Equipment;

-Economics and Agroproduction Management; -Agronomy;

-Agroecology;

-Agroengineering (training of Bachelors and Masters); -Agricultural Machines and Equipment;

The University consists of:

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-5 faculties (Mechanization of Agriculture, Electrification and Automatizaion of Agriculture, Technical Service in Agroindustrial Complex, Economics, Extra-Mural Education);

-46 Chairs;

-the Institute of Agroecology; -Research Centre;

-Ural Regional Farmers’ Centre; -Regional Ecological Training Centre; -Qualification Improvement Courses; -Experimental Farm and others;

The University campus has some teaching blocks and students’ hostels. There are a lot of modern computers, connected to Internet.

In 1992 the Institute of Agroecology – the Branch of the Academy was established. It consists of 8 Departments.

The future specialists get practical experience on experimental fields and farms. The sphere of graduates’ activity is the agronomical services of Agricultural enterprises. The Academy has friendly relations with Agricultural enterprises, organizations and educational establishments of many leading countries of the world. Every year many students and graduates have their practice abroad: in England, Germany, the USA, France, Netherlands, Austria, Switzerland, Hungary and Ireland.

Among all the teachers of Agroengineering Academy 64% have degrees in Science, including Doctors of Science and Professors; full members and correspondent members of the Russian and International Academies of Science; teachers have titles «Honoured Teacher of the Russian Science». The Academy teachers are authors of many important textbooks.

The Postgraduate and Doctorant Schools of the Academy train specialists of 22 scientific professions. The Academy scientists conduct actual researches in different spheres of agriculture. They try to solve ecological problems in agriculture, to improve soil fertility. They elaborate new chemical means for the protection from corrosion as well as new technologies and equipment for mechanization, electrification and automatization of agricultural production.

The students of Agroengineering Academy take an active part in student festivals, such as «Student Spring», in many thematic parties and concerts. In summer they can have holidays in University summer camp on lake Elovoe.

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Most of the students go in for sports. Among them there are the World Champions as well as the Champions of Europe and Russia in kickboxing, field and track athletics, cycling, the winners of different championships and competitions in hockey, basketball, skiing, armwrestling and others.

V. Give English equivalents for the following:

переименовывать, получить статус университета, занимает шестое место среди университетов, ведущий научный центр, в сфере подготовки специалистов для с/х, обрабатывающая промышленность, высококвалифицированные специалисты, был награжден, правительственная награда, научная степень, аспирантура, проводить исследования, дневное, заочное отделение, общежитие, принимать активное участие, заниматься спортом, чемпион мира по легкой атлетике, чемпионат, соревнование, сфера деятельности, выпускник, заслуженный учитель, Венгрия, Швейцария, разрабатывать новые технические средства и технологии, оборудование, улучшать плодородность почв.

VI. Complete the sentences

1.The first Higher Educational Establishment in Chelyabinsk was set up ...

2.In 1980 the Academy was awarded …

3.The Academy has friendly relations with …

4.Agroengineering Academy takes ... place among ...

5.Many students have practice …

6.ChSAA is one of the leading …centers of the South Urals in the sphere …

7.Students and teachers can have holidays …

8. The Academy consists of ... faculties and …	Chairs.
9. The students take an active part in ...
VII. Correct the following statements:

1.ChSAA prepares cosmonauts, doctors, shop-assistants.

2.There are 3300 students of nighttime department.

3.The Academy campus has 8 students’ hotels.

4.The future specialists of Agroengineering Academy get practical experience in libraries.

5.Scientists elaborate new chemical means for the protection from mosquitoes.

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VIII. Prove that:

1.The students of Agroengineering Academy are fond of sport.

2.Scientists conduct actual researches in different spheres.

3.The teaching staff of the Academy is highly-qualified.

4.The Academy has wide international relations.

5.Computers play an important role at the Academy.

IX. Let’s speak.

1.Where do you study? What year are you in?

2.How many and what faculties are there at the Academy?

3.When was ChSAA founded?

4.What departments are there at the Academy?

5.Do most of students live in hostels, at home or rent a room?

6.What subjects do you take at the University?

Which of them is – the most interesting? the least interesting? the most important? the most difficult?

7.Was it easy for you to get accustomed to the University system of lectures and seminars after school system of classes.

8.Which are more useful in your opinion -lectures or seminars?

9.Do you often work in the library?

10.Do you have to work much to prepare for your classes?

11.What sort of grant do you get – basic or scholarship?

12.How do students spend their free time (holidays)?

Спряжение глаголов в Future Indefinite:

	Число	лицо	форма	форма	форма
			утвердительная	вопросительная	отрицательная
		1	I shall (I’ll) ask	Shall I ask?	I shall not (shan’t) ask
	.	2	You will (you’ll) ask	Will you ask?	You will not (won’t) ask
	един
			He	he	He
		3	She will (’ll) ask	Will she ask?	She will not (won’t) ask
			It	It	It
	множ.	1	We shall (we’ll) ask	Shall we ask?	We shall not (shan’t) ask
		2	You will (you’ll) ask	Will you ask?	You will not (won’t) ask
		3	They will (they’ll) ask	Will they ask?	They will not (won’t) ask

X. Open the brackets and give the proper forms of Present Continuous, Present Simple or Future Simple.

1.I (to play) chess tomorrow. 2. I (not to play) chess tomorrow.

3.You (to play) chess tomorrow? 4. He (to play) chess every day.

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5. He (not to play) chess every day. 6. He (to play) chess every day?

7.They (to play) chess now. 8. They (not to play) chess now. 9. They (to play) chess now? 10. Nick (to go) to the park now. 11. Nick (to go) to school every day. 12. Nick (to go) to school tomorrow. 13. You (to come) to my place next Sunday? 14. You (to read) this book next week? 15. You (to read) books every day? 16. You (to read) a book now? 17. I (not to see) him tomorrow. 18. What you (to do) tomorrow? 19. What your friend (to do) tomorrow? 20. Where you (to go) next summer? 21. Where you (to go) every morning? 22. Where you (to go) now? 23. Look! Mary (to dance). 24. She (to dance) every day.

25.She (to dance) tomorrow?

XI. Open the brackets and give the proper forms of Present Continuous, Present Simple or Future Simple.

1.He (to go) to the theatre tomorrow. 2. We (to go) to school in the morning. 3. Look! Kate (to go) to school. 4. You (to help) your mother tomorrow? 5. I (not to play) the guitar now. 6. My brother (to play) the guitar every evening. 7. They (not to take) care of the garden next summer.

8.You (to like) apples? 9. You (to eat) apples tomorrow? 10. Nick (to read) many books. 11. Mother (to work) every day. 12. He (not to sleep) now. 13. Your brother (to go) to the exhibition next Sunday? 14. We (not to go) to the zoo tomorrow. 15. I (not to learn) the poem now. 16. She (to live) in San Francisco. 17. My father (to shoot) very well. 18. He is very strong. Look! He (to carry) a very heavy box. 19. My sister (not to like) coffee. 20 When you (to go) to bed every day? 21. What he (to read) now? 22. What he (to read) every day? 23. What he (to read) tomorrow?

24.Where she (to go) tomorrow? 25. You (to give) me this book tomorrow?

XII. Open the brackets and give the proper forms of Present Continuous, Present Simple or Future Simple.

1.When you (to get) up every day? – I (to get) up at seven o’clock. 2. My brother usually (not to get) up at seven o’clock. As a rule, he (to get) up at six o’clock, but tomorrow he (to get) up at seven o’clock. 3. Why she (to come) home so late tomorrow? 4. We (to go) to the country the day after tomorrow. 5. Our friends always (to go) to the country for the week-end. 6. Look! The kitten (to play) with its tail. 7. Your parents (to watch) TV now? 8. My sister (not to rest) now. She (to help) mother in the kitchen. She (to help) mother in the kitchen every day. 9. Where she (to go) tomorrow? 10. She (to go) to the country with us tomorrow? 11. They (to stay) at home tomorrow.

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12 What you (to do) now? I (to see) that you (not to read). 13. When you (to finish) your homework? It (to be) very late, it (to be) time to go to bed. 14. How you usually (to spend) evenings? 15. What you (to do) in the country next summer? 16. They (not to drink) tea now. I (to think) they (to watch) TV. 17. What your father (to drink) in the evening?

He забывайте употреблять настоящее время вместо будущего в придаточных предложениях времени и условия после союзов if, when, as soon as, before, after, till (until).

XIII. Open the brackets and give the proper forms of the verbs (Present or Future).

1. If you (to translate) this article into Russian, I shall use it in my report. 2. If she (to be) in St. Petersburg now, she will meet you at the railway station. 3. If you (not to hurry), you will miss the train. 4. If it (to rain), we shan’t go to the country. 5. When my friend (to come) to St. Petersburg, we shall go to the Russian Museum. 6. What will you be doing when he (to come) to your place? 7. Don’t forget to pay for your dinner before you (to leave) the canteen. 8. I shall be able to translate this article if you (to give) me a dictionary. 9. You will have to work hard at home if you (to miss) the lesson. 10. Where will you go when you (to come) to London? 11. The child won’t be healthy if you (not to give) him much fruit. 12. I shan’t have dinner before mother (to come) home.

XIV. Open the brackets and give the proper forms of the verbs (Present or Future).

1. When he (to return) to St. Petersburg, he (to call) on us. 2. If I (to see) him, I (to tell) him about their letter. 3. We (to gather) at our place when my brother (to come) back from Africa. 4. I (to sing) this song with you if you (to tell) me the words. 5. I hope you (to join) us when we (to gather) in our country house the next time. 6. What you (to do) when you (to come) home? 7. If I (to stay) some more days in your town, I (to call) on you and we (to have) a good talk. 8. He (to go) to the Public Library very often when he (to be) a student. 9. As soon as I (to return) from school, I (to ring) you up. 10. You (to pass) many towns and villages on your way before you (to arrive) in Moscow. 11.1 (to stay) at home till she (to come). Then we (to go) to the theatre if she (to bring) tickets. 12. After I (to finish) school, I (to enter) the University.

XV. Open the brackets and give the proper forms of the verbs (Present or Future).

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1.Don’t go away until mother (to come) back. Give her the note as soon as she (to come). 2. You (to go) to the library with us? – – No, I ... . I (to stay) here and (to help) Jane with her grammar. I (to come) to the library after I (to finish). 3. Ring me up before you (to come). 4. I (to speak) to Mary if I (to see) her today. 5. I (not to speak) to him until he (to apologize).

6.Peter (to introduce) us to his friend as soon as we (to meet) them. 7. We (to go) to the station to meet Sergei when he (to come) to St. Petersburg.

XVI. Translate the sentences.

1.Япридудомойвшестьчасов.2.Когдаяпридудомой,япозвоню вам.3.Онапозвонитнамвечером.4.Еслионапозвонитвам,попросите еепринестимнекнигу. 5. ЯувижуТомазавтра. 6. Кактолькояувижу Тома, ярасскажуемуобэтом. 7. ЯпоедувПарижнабудущейнеделе.

8.Перед тем, как я поеду в Париж, я позвоню вам. 9. Он не пойдет в библиотеку сегодня вечером. 10. Если он не пойдет в библиотеку, он будетдома. 11. Мыбудемдомазавтра. 12. Еслимыбудемдомазавтра, мы посмотрим эту программу по телевизору. 13. Ее не будет завтра дома. 14. Еслиеенебудетзавтрадома, оставьтеейзаписку. 15. Завтра погода будет хорошая. 16. Если завтра погода будет хорошая, мы поедемзагород. 17. Когдаонаприходитвшколу, онаснимаетпальто.

18.Когда она придет в школу, она снимет пальто. 19. Как только он вспоминаетэтусмешнуюсцену, онначинаетсмеяться. 20. Кактолько онвспомнитэтусмешнуюсцену, онначнетсмеяться.

XVII. Today we are going to read about one of the most outstanding American inventors. Before reading look at the photo and answer the questions:

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1.What is the difference between the discovery and the invention?

2.Who is the man in the picture? What is he famous for? Do you know any stories about him?

Thomas Alva Edison

Thomas Alva Edison was born in 1847. He was sick a lot when he was young. Edison’s mother taught him lessons at home and only studied the things he wanted to know. At age ten, he read his first science book. After he read the book, he built a laboratory in his house. Soon, Edison started to invent things. He was interested in the telegraph and electricity. At age twenty-three, he made a special telegraphic machine and sold it for a lot of money. It is said that he planned to ask two or three thousand dollars for his invention. He was invited to the meeting of businessmen who were interested in buying his invention and was very nervous to name a price.

«It is no use asking us a big price» – said one of the businessmen, – «we’ve already decided how much we will pay. Forty thousand dollars is our limit.» With this money, he was nowfree to invent all the time.

Edison started his own laboratory at Menlo Park, New Jersey. He hired mechanics and chemists to help him. He worked day and night. Once, he worked on forty-five inventions at the same time. Edison did not sleep very much, but he took naps. He often fell asleep with his clothes on. One day, he even fell asleep in the closet!

Did you know Edison invented wax paper, fire alarms, the battery, and motion pictures? All his inventions were the result of hard work. But his favorite invention was the phonograph, or a record player. He invented the phonograph in 1876. His other famous invention was the light bulb. Edison died in 1931, at the age of eighty-four. He had over 1,300 inventions to his name! Many people say that Edison was a genius – one of the smartest people in the world! According to him, the idea that a genius works only by inspiration was absurd. «Genius is 2 percent inspiration and 98 percent perspiration,» – he often said.

Milanda Brokal Introduction the USA “A Cultural Reader” XVIII. Match the words and their suitable definitions given below: Prominent, to be expelled, fortress, science, scientist, scientific, found-

er, nuclear, to establish, incredible, to devote to, defence, entirely, technology, common knowledge, device, to transmit, to prove, to disprove, capable, to list.

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to mention or write things one after another; something that everyone knows; well-known; to be officially forced to leave a place, organization, or school; able to do something; a strong building used for defending a place; to prove that something is not correct; the study and knowledge of the physical world and its behaviour; to provide evidence that shows that something is true; advanced scientific knowledge; someone who is trained in science; to send an electronic signal such as a radio or telephone signal; relating to science, or based on the methods of science; a person who starts an organization or institution; relating to energy that is produced by changing the structure of the central part of an atom; completely; to make something to start to exist or start to happen; protection; surprising or difficult to believe; to spend a lot of time or effort doing something.

XIX. Complete the sentences with one of the following words:

Invent hired closet nap laboratory light bulb

1)Edison liked to ___ things.

2)Edison worked in his______day and night.

3)When you take a short sleep, it is a ____.

4)A place where you hang your clothes is a ____.

5)Edison paid chemists and mechanics to work for him. He ____

them.

6)When the lamp in your house does not work, you may need to change the ____.

XX. Choose right answer.

1)When Edison was a boy, he ___.

а) made a lot of money

b) built a laboratory in his house c) invented motion pictures

2)In his laboratory at Menlo Park, Edison ___. a) worked day and night

b) slept most of the time c) did not work

3)Edison invented ___. a) only a record player b) his name

c) more than 1,300 things

XXI. Number the sentences 1 through 7 to show the correct order.

- He died in 1931, at the age of eighty-four.

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