Quick Quiz 10.1
Two containers hold an ideal gas at the same temperature and pressure. Both containers hold the same type of gas but container B has twice the volume of container A. The average translational kinetic energy per molecule in container B is (a) twice that for container A (b) the same as that for container A (c) half that for container A (d) impossible to determine.
Quick Quiz 10.2
The energy input to an engine is 3.00 times greater than the work it performs. What is its thermal efficiency? 
(a)3.00
(b)1.00 (c)0.333
(d)impossible to determine
Quick Quiz 10.3
The energy entering an electric heater by electrical transmission can be converted to internal energy with an efficiency of 100%. By what factor does the cost of heating your home change when you replace your electric heating system with an electric heat pump that has a COP of 4.00? Assume that the motor running the heat pump is 100% efficient. (a) 4.00 (b) 2.00 (c) 0.500 (d) 0.250
Quick Quiz 10.4
Which of the following is true for the entropy change of a system that undergoes a reversible, adiabatic process? 
(a)∆S < 0
(b)∆ S = 0
(c) ∆ S > 0
Course of lectures 
«Contemporary Physics: Part1»
Lecture №10
Electric Fields.
Properties of Electric Charges. Charging Objects by Induction.
Coulomb's Law. The Electric Field. Electric Field of a Continuous Charge Distribution. Electric Field Lines. Motion of Charged Particles in a Uniform Electric Field. Gauss's Law.
Properties of Electric Charges
Figure 1. (a) A negatively charged rubber rod suspended by a thread is attracted to a positively charged glass rod. (b) A negatively charged rubber rod is repelled by another negatively charged rubber rod.
Properties of Electric Charges
Electric charge has the following important properties: 
•There are two kinds of charges in nature; charges of opposite sign attract one another and charges of the same sign repel one another.
•Total charge in an isolated system is conserved.
•Charge is quantized.
Charging Objects By Induction
Electrical conductors are materials in which some of the electrons are free electrons that are not bound to atoms and can move relatively freely through the material; electrical insulators are materials in which all electrons are bound to atoms and cannot move freely through the material.
Semiconductors are a third class of materials, and their electrical properties are somewhere between those of insulators and those of conductors.
Charging Objects By Induction
Charging Objects By Induction
Ground means a reservoir, such as the Earth, that can accept or provide electrons freely with negligible effect on its electrical characteristics.