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Part I Text 1.

DESIGN

The term ‘design’ is often tied to the various applied arts and engineering. The verb ‘to design’ refers to the process of originating and developing a plan for a product, structure, system or component with intention. The noun ‘a design’ is used for either the final plan (proposal, drawing, model, description) or the result of implementing that plan in the form of the final product of a design process. The final product can be anything from socks to cars or charts. Even virtual concepts such as corporate identity and cultural traditions such as celebration of certain holidays are sometimes designed.

According to video game developer Dino Dini, design underpins every form of creation from objects such as things for everyday life to the way we plan and execute our lives. For this reason it is useful to seek out some common structure that can be applied to any kind of design, whether this be for video games, consumer products or one’s own personal life. Recently processes have also been treated as products of design, giving new meaning to the term ‘process design’. It can be defined as ‘The management of constraints’. There are two kinds of constraints: negotiable and non-negotiable. The first step in the design process is the identification, classification and selection of constraints.

The person designing is called a ‘designer’, which is also a term used for people who work professionally in one of the various design areas, usually also specifying which area is being dealt with (a fashion designer, concept designer or web designer). Designing often requires a designer to consider the aesthetic, functional and many other aspects of an object or a process, which usually requires considerable research, thought, modeling, interactive adjustment and re-design.

Being defined so broadly, there is no universal language or unifying institution for designers of all disciplines. This allows for many different philosophies and approaches toward the subject. However, serious study of design demands increased focus on the design process. It can take many forms depending on the object being designed and the individual or individuals participating.

  1. Answer these questions:

  1. What does the term ‘design’ mean?

  2. What can be the final product of designing?

  3. What is constraint?

  4. Who is called a ‘designer’?

  5. Is there any universal language for all designers?

  6. Does the study of design demand focus on the theory or on the process?

  7. Why did you decide to become an automobile designer?

  8. Where are you going to work after graduating from our university?

  9. Think about objects in your home. Which are particularly well-designed? Why?

  1. Find the equivalents for these Ukrainian words / phrases in the text. Check your answers with your partner.

Планування, намір, остаточний план, виконання (впровадження) плану, спеціалізуватись, мати справу з чимось, адаптація.

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