- •Методическое пособие по английскому языку для студентов 2 курса
- •Пояснительная записка
- •My biography
- •Learn the new words and word combinations:
- •Read and translate the text. About myself
- •Аnswer the questions:
- •Make a story about yourself. Forms of greetings
- •1. Learn new words and word combinations:
- •Forms of leavetaking
- •2. Read the dialogues:
- •3. Fill in the missings:
- •4. Translate into English:
- •Forms of rendering thank (благодарность)
- •Forms of apologies (извинения)
- •Stage the following situations:
- •Forms of requests (просьбы)
- •Express polite requests:
- •Forms of congratulations and wishes
- •Professions
- •Learn new words and expressions;:
- •2. Translate into English:
- •3. Read and translate the text: My future profession
- •4. Answer the questions:
- •5. Read and translate the text: My future profession is a financier
- •Application for a job (Устройство на работу)
- •1. Learn the new words and word combinations:
- •2. Translate into English:
- •3. Read and translate the text: Where and how to hire an employee?
- •4. Answer the questions:
- •5. What are these people responsible for?
- •6. Look through the Application form and answer the questions about the applicant: Application Form
- •Fill in your own application form: Application Form
- •8. Look through the resume: Resume (Резюме)
- •38 Park Avenue, Ap. 50
- •9. Answer the questions:
- •10. Learn the structure of a covering letter:
- •11. Learn the phrases and word combinations used in covering letters.
- •12. Read and translate the sample of covering letter: Covering letter (Cопроводительное письмо)
- •13. Write your own resume. Use special phrases and word combinations. Follow the structure of covering letters.
- •14. Read and translate the dialogue: job hunting
- •15. Be ready for the role-play “Application for a job” and do the following tasks:
- •My working day.
- •1. Remember:
- •2. Answer the question: What time is it now?
- •Remember the words and word combinations:
- •Read the text: Student’s day
- •Answer the questions:
- •6. Learn new words and word combinations:
- •About banking
- •Selling electronic equipment
- •11. Put 10 questions to the text.
- •12. Disagree with the statements, using “You are wrong”, “You are not right”, “I am not sure”, “I cannot agree with you”:
- •13. Read, translate and retell the text: Smirnov’s day
- •14. Put the questions to the sentences starting with the words given in brackets.
- •15. Read and translate the text: My work at the foreign trade company
- •16. Describe your working day in a company. Learning foreign languages
- •Learn the new words and word combinations:
- •2. Read, translate and retell the text:
- •3. Give the Russian equivalents:
- •4. Put the questions to the sentences:
- •5. Read and translate the text: Learning foreign languages
- •6. Give the Russian equivalents:
- •7. Answer the questions:
- •8. Translate the dialogues into English:
- •Seasons. Weather.
- •Learn the following dialogue.
- •Learn the following dialogue.
- •Practice reading the following words, word combinations and sentences. Learn them by heart.
- •Practice reading the following bits of conversation. Learn them by heart.
- •Practice reading the following words, word combinations and sentences. Learn them by heart.
- •Read the text.
- •Fill in the gaps with suitable words.
- •Repeat the description of spring close to the text or learn it by heart.
- •Practice reading the following words, word combinations and sentences. Learn them by heart.
- •Read the text.
- •Fill in the gaps with suitable words.
- •Practice reading the following word combinations and sentences.
- •Read the text. Autumn
- •Fill in the gaps with suitable words.
- •Practice reading the following word combinations and sentences.
- •Read the text. Winter
- •Fill in the gaps with suitable words.
- •Translate into English.
- •Learn the following proverbs and sayings.
- •In a company
- •1. Read and learn the words:
- •2. Read and translate the texts:
- •3. Find in the texts and write out the equivalents for the following word combinations:
- •4. Answer the following questions:
- •5. Translate the following sentences into English in writing. Use the vocabulary given in Part II.
- •Company Structure
- •6. Read and translate the text.
- •7. Translate into English the following words and word combinations:
- •8. Study Philips company’s structure.
- •Information Technology
- •9. Read and translate the text. The Philips Story
- •The Philips Company
- •13. Match the words from the left and the right columns.
- •14. Replace the words in italics to the words given in the text.
- •15. Read the text. Put the verbs given in brackets into suitable tenses. Colgate-Palmolive Company
- •16. Read, translate and act the dialogue:
- •17. Say what you know about Irina’s job. And Anna’s?
- •18. Make the presentation of your own company. Use the following plan.
- •Business trip abroad
- •Learn the new words and word combinations.
- •2. Practice your vocabulary. Use the substitution patterns
- •3. Read the dialogues:
- •Act the dialogue, remember new vocabulary:
- •5. Read and translate the dialogue.
- •6. Read and translate the dialogue. Act it with your partner. Booking Airline Tickets by Telephone
- •7. Remember the following expressions :
- •8. Translate into Russian:
- •9. Fill in the prepositions:
- •10. You are in London. It’s necessary to buy an airline ticket to Kiev. Answer the questions of a Travel agent.
- •11. You got a call from your business partner. Put him the following questions:
- •12. Read and translate the text: Going through the Customs
- •2. Remember the words:
- •13. Answer the following questions:
- •14. Act the dialogue:
- •15. Fill in the missing remarks:
- •16. Read and translate the text. Retell it. Travelling
- •Business Meeting
- •1. Learn the new words and word combinations.
- •2. Read and practice; use the substitutions:
- •3. Ask and answer:
- •4. Give an answer in the Past Simple Tense; use the substitutions.
- •5. Give an answer in the Future Simple Tense; use the substitutions.
- •6. Read and act the dialogues:
- •7. Read, act the dialogues and retell them. Business meeting.
- •At the exhibition.
- •8. Translate into English:
- •9. Translate the text. Put 5 questions to the text: Fares and Exhibitions.
- •Staying at a hotel.
- •1. Learn the new words and word combinations.
- •2. Act the dialogues: Making Hotel Reservation by Telephone.
- •Checking in.
- •3. Use the substitutions:
- •4. Use the following dialogue like a sample and act your own dialogues. Staying at a Hotel
- •5. Translate the following dialogues into English.
- •6. Read and translate the text. Hotel service.
- •8. Ask your friend:
- •9. Fill in the missing remarks:
- •10. Translate the advertisements.
- •11. Additional information. Hotels.
- •At home
- •1. Read the dialogues:
- •2. Read the dialogue and make up a story about Mrs. Parker’s flat.
- •3. Read the dialogue and role play it.
- •4. Answer the questions:
- •5. Which form of verb is missing (is or are)?
- •6. Choose the proper word (some, any, no, anything, something or nothing):
- •7. Read the text and retell it: An English house
- •8. Give Russian equivalents of the following proverbs:
- •9. Translate from Russian into English:
- •Shops and shopping
- •Learn the new words.
- •A department store
- •2. Practice in reading. Use the substitution patterns:
- •3. Read and memorize the dialogues:
- •4. Role play the dialogues: Shoe department
- •Clothes department
- •In a shop
- •5. Fill in the missings:
- •6. Translate from Russian into English:
- •7. Finish the sentences:
- •8. Learn the new words: a food shop
- •9. Practice your vocabulary. Use the substitution patterns:
- •10. Read and memorize the dialogues:
- •11. Role-play the dialogues:
- •12. Read and match:
- •13. What does British money look like? Read the information.
- •14. Read and translate the text. Shopping in Britain:
- •15. Put 10 questions to the text.
- •16. Read and retell the text: Shopping
- •17. Answer the questions:
- •18. Name in one word:
- •Meals. Restaurants.
- •1. Read the conversations:
- •2. Learn English table manners:
- •3. Role-play the dialogues:
- •4. Role-play the dialogue.
- •5. Learn the dialogue by heart. At the restaurant
- •6. Answer the questions:
- •At the doctor’s
- •1. Learn the new words.
- •Practice your vocabulary. Use the substitution patterns:
- •2. Read the conversations:
- •4. Role-play the dialogues, learn them by heart:
- •5. Read and translate the dialogue. At visit to the doctor
- •6. Translate and answer the questions:
- •7. Translate into English:
- •8. Read the text. Define the tenses:
- •9. Read and translate the text: The Health Service
- •10. Answer the questions:
- •11. Define the tenses. Make the sentences negative. Put all types of questions:
- •Business letters Структура делового письма
- •Письмо-запрос (Inquiry)
- •Клише и выражении писем-запросов:
- •Письмо-предложение (offer)
- •Клише и выражения письма-предложения:
- •Заказ. Подтверждение и отклонение заказов (Order. Acknowledgement (Confirmation) and Refusal of Orders)
- •Содержание
- •Professions…………………………………………………………….
Министерство образования и науки Российской Федерации
Пермский финансово-экономический колледж -
филиал ГОУ ВПО «Финансовый университет при Правительстве РФ»
Методическое пособие по английскому языку для студентов 2 курса
Год 2011
Одобрена кафедрой Составлено в соответствии с
Общеобразовательных дисциплин Государственными требованиями
к минимуму содержания и уровню
подготовки выпускника по данной
Протокол № специальности
от 2011 г.
Заведующий кафедрой: Заместитель директора по
учебной работе:
___________________ ________________________
Вершинина Д.Б. Галкина Н.В.
кандидат исторических наук кандидат экономических наук
Автор: Анисимова И.В.
Пояснительная записка
Данное методическое пособие предназначено для студентов 2 курса Пермского финансово-экономического колледжа – филиала московского Финуниверситета при правительстве РФ, изучающих английский язык. Пособие составлено в соответствии с требованиями примерной программы учебной дисциплины – части примерной основной профессиональной образовательной программы соответствующей ФГОС СПО по специальностям 080118 «Страховое дело», 080110 «Банковское дело», 080114 «Экономика и бухгалтерский учёт», 030912 «Право и организация социального обеспечения».
Методическое пособие содержит темы разговорного английского языка, такие как «Моя биография», «Устройство на работу», «Рабочий день на фирме», «Компания и её структура», «Деловая поездка». «Деловая встреча», «Отель», «Времена года», «Изучение иностранного языка», «В магазине», «В ресторане» «Посещение врача». Все разделы снабжены списком необходимой лексики, упражнениями на её закрепление, образцами диалогов, тематическими текстами с заданиями. Часть текстов может быть использована для организации самостоятельной работы студентов.
Пособие содержит образцы бланков для заполнения, правила транслитерации собственных имён существительных на английский язык, правила ведения деловой корреспонденции с образцами деловых писем и специальными клише и выражениями. Для того, чтобы снять трудности в чтении пособие содержит вводно-коррективный курс.
Методическое пособие может использоваться для организации аудиторной, домашней и самостоятельной работы студентов. Пособие предназначено для широкого круга лиц, изучающих английский язык самостоятельно и для тех, кто готовится к поездке зарубеж, как деловой, так и туристической.
Вводно-коррективный курс
THE ABC
Aa |
[ei] |
Nn |
[en] |
Bb |
[bi:] |
О о |
[ou] |
С с |
[si:] |
Pp |
[pi:] |
Dd |
[di:] |
|
[kju:] |
Ее |
[i:] |
R r |
[a:] |
F f |
[ef] |
S s |
[es] |
Gg |
[dƷi:] |
Tt |
[ti:] |
Hh |
[eitʃ] |
U u |
[ju:] |
I i |
[ai] |
V v |
[vi:] |
J j |
[dƷei] |
W w |
[`dablju:] |
К к |
[kei ] |
X x |
[eks] |
L 1 |
[el] |
Yy |
[wai ] |
M m |
[em] |
Z z |
[zed] |
Гласные: [i:], [I], [e], [æ], [a:], [Ɔ], [Ɔ:], [u], [u:], [Л],[ǝ:], [ǝ]
Согласные: [p], [b], [t], [d], [k], [g], [f], [v], [Ѳ], [ð], [s], [z], [ʃ], [Ʒ], [tʃ], [dƷ], [h], [j], [w], [l], [r], [m], [n], [ŋ]
Дифтонги: [eI], [al], [au], [Ɔi], [ou], [Iǝ], [Ɛǝ], [uǝ].
ВТОРОЙ ТИП СЛОГА
i [I]: pig, lift, sit, hit, list, him, did, tip, pit, pin, fill, silk, rid, big.
e [e]: bed, ten, left, met, help, let, desk, lend, red, text, dress.
u [Л]: must, rust, but, bug, trust.
a [æ]: map, plan, bag, lamp, cap, cat, Ann.
o [о]: |
nor, hot, dog, on, box, Tom. |
ГЛАСНАЯ Y В НАЧАЛЕ СЛОВА ПРОИЗНОСИТСЯ
[j]: yes, yet.
[s]: pencil, cell, cent.
/
с
Согласные [к]: cup, cat, act, can.
[s]: sit, desk, list.
/
s
\
[z]: is, his.
x [ks]: box, text, fox.
УПРАЖНЕНИЯ ДЛЯ ЧТЕНИЯ
-
it, bit, dig, rib, did, kid, bid, tip.
-
bet, bed, dress, text, rest, deck.
-
shelf, self, check, dish, chin, fresh.
-
must, rust, much, duck, us, plus, bus, fuss, such.
-
hat, had, bag, cap, chap, cash, smash, match, black.
-
met, mat, men, man, send, sand, lend, land, hen, hand, bend, band.
-
bit, bet, bat, bid, bed, bad, lick, left, lack.
-
bag, bug, hat, hut, cap, cup.
-
cup, cell, act, cent, cat, pencil.
10.yes, yell, yelp, yen, yet, yep.
СОЧЕТАНИЯ СОГЛАСНЫХ ck, ch, tch, sh
ck [k]: clock, back, black.
ch, tch [tʃ]: such, French, much, rich, match.
sh [ʃ]: shut, shop, shelf, fish, shall.
Примечание: Гласная о в слове по произносится [оu]
2
Cочетание oo читается [u] в словах book, good и [u:] в слове room.
ГЛАСНЫЕ a, e, i, y, o, u В ПЕРВОМ ТИПЕ СЛОГА
a [eI]: |
name, table, take, late. |
e [i:]: |
he, she, be, these. |
i [aI]: |
I, five, time, nine. |
y [aI]: |
type, my, by, fly. |
o[ou]: |
no, note, go, home. |
u[ju:]: |
student, tube, institute, pupil. |
СОЧЕТАНИЯ СОГЛАСНЫХ th, ng, nk
[Ѳ]: thin, thick, tenth, thatch.
/
th
\
[ð]: this, that, then, thus.
ng [ŋ]: long, sing, thing, ring, strong, song.
nk [ŋ]: ink, think, drink, bank, thank.
Упражнения для чтения
Примечание. Сочетание th читается [Ѳ].
13. thick, thin, tenth, fifth.
14. then, them, than, that, this, thus.
15. tin, fin, thin, sin, tent, tenth, thick.
16. sing, thing, sang, long.
17. ring, rang, rung, bank, blank, thank.
18. thin, thing, think, sin, sing, sink.
19. the 'thick 'book, the "Institute.
20. this 'plan, this 'desk.
21. that 'shelf, that 'box.
22. this is a 'box, this is an 'ink-pot.
23. plan, plane, hat, hate, rat, rate, less, lace.
24. me, mete, he, Pete, he, these, scene, met, mete, pet.
25. side, fine, rise, rice, dry, style, sty, type, li like, pick, pike.
26. no, note, go, tone, rose, close, not, note, ro rode, those, cock, coke.
27. tune, cute, tub, tube, cube, use, fuse, must, muse.
СОГЛАСНЫЕ G, J, W
[g]: big, bag, log, got, good, glad.
/
g
\
[d]: page, George, gel, gem.
j [dƷ]: Jane, Jack, just, jump, joke,
w [w]: well, wet, with, wood, twelve.
СОЧЕТАНИЯ wa, wh, who, war, wor, ph
Wa [wo:]: wall, waltz,
wa [wo]: was, wash, watch,
wh [w]: when, which, while, white, what.
who [hu:] who, whom, whose,
wa+r [wo:]: warm, war.
wo+r [wa:]: word, work,
ph [f]: ge'ography, 'photo, pho'tographer, phone, phase, phrase.
ПРАВИЛА СЛОГОДЕЛЕНИЯ
ho/ping, pla/ning, bi/ting;
hop/ping, plan/ning, sit/ting.
УПРАЖНЕНИЯ ДЛЯ ЧТЕНИЯ
28. big, bag, got, page, gel, gem, lag, rug, slag, plug, gin, edge, hedge, lodge, jug, gin, job, gem, jib.
29. wish, wit, with, well, swell, wet, went, win, twin, wig, watch.
30. what, when, while, why, white, which.
31. wall, waltz, war, warm, ward, ward, warp, wart.
32. word, worn, world, worth, worse.
33. who, whom, whose, whoop.
34. 'bandage, 'village, 'cottage, 'usage, 'comrade, 'climate.
35. re'trace, res'pite, de'vote, en'close, en'trance, in'vent, 'dryness, 'thickness, 'latest, 'illness, 'music, 'matches.
36. a'buse, a'muse, ad'mire, col'lect, con'nect, sue,cess, sup'press, 'soda, 'extra, 'seldom, 'carrot, 'bottom, 'dictum, 'minus.
37. hopping, hoping, crossing, closing, backing, baking, planning, planing, fussing, fusing, bitting, biting.
РЕДУКЦИЯ В ПРЕДУДАРНЫХ И ПОСЛЕУДАРНЫХ СЛОГАХ
Предударный слог e,i,y[i]de'fend, in'vent, а, о, u [ a ] ad'dress,col'lect,
de'cide, mis'take sue'eess, a'lone, cor'rect, sup'press
Послеударный слог'biggest,'music,comma, 'happy, ' classes, ' longing, ' sofa,
'bottom, 'minus, 'Egypt'. 'pilot, ' focus.
Примечание. Гласная а в послеударном условно-открытом слоге читается как [ I ]: 'climate, 'damage, 'comrade. 4
ГЛАСНЫЕ В ТРЕТЬЕМ ТИПЕ СЛОГА
a + r [a]: garden, farm, park, cart, car, large.
O + r [Ɔ:]: short, sport, or, for, morning.
e her, term, German, thermal.
i first, bird, third, thirst, girl.
u +r[Ɔ:] burn, fur, turn.
Сочетания:
ll all, ball, wall, fall, small.
a+ lk [Ɔ:] chalk, talk, walk.
lt salt, halt, malt.
УПРАЖНЕНИЯ ДЛЯ ЧТЕНИЯ
40. far, car, star, farm, card, start.
41. for, nor, or, form, north, short, re'port, ab'sorb, sup'port ,de'part, de'port, im'part, im'port.
42. fur, her, fir, turn, term, firm, shirt, hurt, curve, re'turn, dis'turb.
43. all, hall, fall, ball, small, wall, stall, call, talk, walk, chalk, stalk, salt, halt, false, malt.
СОЧЕТАНИЯ
a+nce, nch [ а ]: chance, dance, France, branch,
a+nt [ a ]: plant, grant, chant, slant,
a+ss [ a ]: pass, class, grass, glass,
a+sk, sp [ a ]: ask, bask, grasp, rasp,
a+st [ a ]: past, last, cast, fast,
a+ft [ a ]: shaft, draft, after,
a+th [ a ]: bath, path, father.
Окончание -er в неударном положении читается [ǝ]: father, after, worker. В некоторых словах буква о читается [Л]: mother, brother, some, other, come. Конечная согласная r на стыке слов перед гласной читается [r], например, later _ and later.
УПРАЖНЕНИЯ ДЛЯ ЧТЕНИЯ
44. glance, chance, dance, branch, master, rather, plaster, father, shaft, after, draft, ask, task, bask, path, bath, plant, grant, glass, pass, class, cast, last, fast, past, grasp, brass.
45. 'better and 'better; 'thinner and 'thinner; 'wider and 'wider.
46. a car and a tram; the 'former and the 'latter; for us; 'over us.
47. some, come, 'other, a'nother, 'brother, 'mother.
ДИГРАФЫ I ГРУППЫ
ei eight, weight.
[ eI ]:
ey grey, they.
oi point, boil, join, toil.
[ Ɔi: ]:
oy boy, toy, joy.
ДИГРАФЫ II ГРУППЫ
au August, pause, because, autmn.
[ Ɔ: ]:
aw saw, law, paw.
[u]: book, look, took.
/
oo
\
[u:]: too, soon, spoon.
Сочетания:
ght [t]: eight, weight, night.
qu [kw]: quick, quest, question.
wr [r]: wrist, write, wrong.
qu+a [kwƆ:]: quarter.
УПРАЖНЕНИЯ ДЛЯ ЧТЕНИЯ
48. oil, boil, join, point, boy, voice, pointer, boiling, toiling, pointing, veil, vein, they, grey, weight.
49. night, right, eight, might, sight, slight, fight.
50. took, look, good, book, shook, moon, too, soon, cool, noon, spoon, broom, choose, shoot. 51. paw, saw, raw, draw, straw, fawn.
Запомните произношение следующих слов и сочетаний:
There [ðƐǝ] where[wƐǝ] Ture [tʃǝ]: lecture, picture Ild [aIld]: child, wild Ind [aInd]: kind, find old [ould]: old, cold |
ДИАГРАФЫ КОМПЛЕКСНЫЕ
ou hause, our, count, about, cloud, out, without.
[au]:
ow hou, nou, broun, town, flower.
ou [ǝ]: colour, famous (в конечном безударном слоге).
ИСКЛЮЧЕНИЯ
ou [u:] group, soup.
ou+r [Ɔ:] four, your.
oo+r [Ɔ:] door, floor.
ow [ou] blow, flow, grow, show, 'follow, 'yellow, ' window, 'Moscow (в безударном положении).
УПРАЖНЕНИЯ ДЛЯ ЧТЕНИЯ
54. house, our, about, cloud, out, without, ground, town, count, south, mouth, mouse.
55.blow, slowly, flow, grow, snow, show, Moscow, follow, yellow, fellow, window.
56.round, now, blow, yellow, four, door, group, soup.
57.old, told, sold, hold, fold, bold, child, wild, mild, kind, blind, hole, hold.
58.our 'house, our 'town, our 'group, our, 'boy, with'out any 'door, with'out a 'window, with'out a 'watch.
59.a 'brown 'house, a 'brown 'door, a 'yellow 'floor, a 'white 'flower, a' grey' wall.
ГЛАСНЫЕ В ЧЕТВЕРТОМ ТИПЕ СЛОГА
a+rel гаге, саге, ware, prepare, square, spare.
> [Ɛǝ]: но: are [ а: ]
ai+rj chair, air, hair, pair, fair.
e+rel here, mere, sphere, но: where, there.
еа+r [iǝ]: near, dear, clear, year.
ee+r cheer, career, engi'neer, ,pio'neer.
i+re
y+rej [aiǝ]: tyre, fire, dire, wire,
Сочетание kn в начале слова
kn [n]:know, knew, known, knit, knee, knight.
o+re u+re oa+r ou+r
ou+r
[juǝ]:pure, cure, secure.
[Ɔ:]: oar, blackboard.
[auǝ]:our, flour, sour, но: your, four [Ɔ:],
tour [tuǝ].
УПРАЖНЕНИЯ ДЛЯ ЧТЕНИЯ
65.rare, care, share, square, chair, air, hair, pair, far, fare, car, care.
66.here, hear, deer, dear, year, near,,engi'neer, .pio'neer,, cheer, clear, star, stare, tar, tare.
67.fire, wire, tyre, dire, squire, re'quire, de'sire, in'quire, ac'quire, tired.
68.know, knew, known, knit, knee, knight.
69.a 'new 'year, a 'warm 'fire, a 'good ,engi'neer, a 'tired 'worker, a 'square 'mile, a 'soft 'chair, 'fair 'hair, a 'clear 'sky.
70.ore, more, shore, store, be'fore, roar, coarse, board, 'blackboard.
71.pure, cure, en'dure, im'pure, se'cure, 'during.
72.our, flour, sour, your, four, 'odour, 'vapour, 'colour, 'labour, be'fore, beard, pure, im'pure, out, with'out, a'bout.
ДИГРАФЫ
e u neutral, feud, Euclid.
[ju:]:
ew few, new, newspaper.
Диаграфы ew, ue, ui, а также гласная u в открытом слоге после согласных r, 1, j и сочетания ch читаются [u:]: drew, screw, chew, true, blue, June, rule, fruit.
Сочетания:
Cial [ʃl]: 'social, official
-cient [ʃǝnt]: 'ancient, efficient, sufficient.
-tion [ʃn]: revo'lution, dic'tation, 'nation, 'dictionary.
-ch [k]: 'chemist, 'chemistry, 'chemical, tech'nology, 'tehnical, me' chanics, 'character.
УПРАЖНЕНИЯ ДЛЯ ЧТЕНИЯ
-
new, few, dew, review, view, 'Newton, 'neutral, 'news,paper.
-
true, blue, June, fruit, rule, glue, drew, flew.
-
dew, drew, few, flew, use, ruse, suit, fruit, duty, ruby.
-
'social, official, 'ancient, efficient, sufficient, revo'lution, 'nation, cons'truction, 'station, po'sition, 'dictionary, trans'lation.
-
'chenistry, 'chemical, tech'nology, me'chanics, 'character, chair, me'chanical, chalk, 'chemist, child.
Чтение диаграфа ou как [л].
Чтение сочетаний ph [f], x [ks, g z].
ou [л]: country, young, e'nough [f].
ph [f]: photo, physics, physical, phe'nomenon, ge'ography.
[gz]: e'xist, e'xample, e'xhibit,Examination, но: exhibition.
X
[ks]: ex'periment, expe'dition, ex'pose, ex'clude, exercise.