Subordinate Conjunctions. Подчинительные союзы

Следующие союзы являются признаком начала придаточного предложения. Как правило, за ними следует подлежащее придаточного предложения: after – после того как; as – в то время как, по мере того как, когда; после того как; as – так как; as – как; as ... as – так (же) ... как (и); as if – как будто (бы), как если бы; as long as – (до тех пор) пока; as soon as – как только; because – потому что, так как; before – прежде чем, перед тем как, до того как; for – так как, ибо; if – если; if – ли; in case – (в случае) если; in order that – (для того) чтобы; lest – (для того) чтобы ... не; provided (that), providing – при условии если (что); since – с тех пор как, с того времени как; since – поскольку, так как; so that – (для того) чтобы, с тем, чтобы; than – чем; though (although) – хотя (и); till – (см. until); unless – если (только) ... не; until – до тех пор, пока ..., не; when – когда; whether – ли; while – пока, в то время как.

Примечание. Союз if – ли от союза if – если отличают по предшествующему глаголу. Союз if – ли может стоять только после переходного глагола. Союз than+прилагательное (или наречие) в сравнительной степени обычно переводится чем ..., тем ... .

Exercises

1. Translate into Russian paying attention to the conjunctions:

1. I watched TV after I finished my homework. 2. As I approached the house, I heard the sounds of music. 3. As the train steamed up the border, they all went out to greet the guests. 4. As I was in a hurry, I had to take a taxi. 5. Не did exactly as she told him. 6. We were going up the road as fast as we could. 7. The airplane headed north as if it wanted to cross the mountain range. 8. I will remember you as long as I live. 9. As soon as the sun rose, we started on an excursion. 10. I liked this film because it was funny. 11. Before he started on a trip, Tom bought a new sleeping bag. 12. She returned to her room again, for she was very tired. 13. If you are in trouble, stay here with me. 14. I asked if he had seen the fire. 15. In case you are in trouble, let me know. 16. She took a handbag in order that she might have something in her hands. 17. I'll ring her up lest she should forget about the concert. 18. We shall do it provided you support us. 19. We have been friends since we went to school. 20. Since you won't take advice, there is no point in asking for it. 21. Не decided to cross the mountains so that we could reach the airfield in the daytime. 22. The picture cost more than I intended to spend. 23. The longer I think of your proposal, the more I like it. 24. She did not cry though she felt miserable. 25. Unless you start at once, you will be late. 26. I shall wait until he comes home. 27. When I came home I found Alice there. 28. I asked him whether he had been there. 29. Strike while the iron is hot.

Test 1

Choose the right variant:

1. Shop assistant: What’s your size?

Helen: _____________________________

a) Thirty-four, and I want very warm ones, too. It’s very cold outside. b) Oh yes, it’s terribly cold. c) Thirty-four… You have very small feet. It won’t be easy to find a suitable pair, I’m afraid.

2. Mother: Pete, we’ve run out of vegetables and we’ve hardly any bread in the house. You know, now it’s your turn to go to the greengrocer’s and to the baker’s.

Pete: __________________________________

a) Oh, bother! Why do we have to go shopping so often?

b) Did she? But, Mother, girls are so fond of shopping. Let Nelly do it today as well.

c) (sighing): My teacher says the same.

3. Shop assistant: "Can I help you?" Customer: “___________________"

a) Fine b) Oh, good. I'm so glad to have met you. c) No, it's all right, thanks, I'm just looking.

4. Helen: Excuse me. How do I get to the shoe department?

Shop assistant: _________________________________

a) It’s over there on the left, please. b) What’s your size? c) Just a moment. I’ll have another look.

5. One can buy bread at the … .

a) grocer’s b) baker’s c) butcher’s

6. We usually wear … in winter.

a) high boots b) shoes c) slippers

7. People usually sleep in … .

a) shorts b) dressing gown c) pyjamas

8. I don’t want this dress. It’s … fashion.

a) in b)from c) out of

9. This suit is not your size. It doesn’t … you.

a) become b) suit c) fit

10. It’s too expensive. You got a … bargain there.

a) good b) bad c) well

Test 2

Choose the right variant:

1. Tom is their ... son.

a) older

b) elder

2. Kiev Is ... than Kursk.

a) farther

b) further

3. Her baby is ... than mine.

a) less

b) smaller

4. The situation changed from bad to....

a) well

b) worse

5. Her husband is twice as ... as she is.

a) old

b) older

6. The more she knew this man the ... she liked him.

a) little

b)less

7. Honey is … than sugar.

a) usefuler

b) more useful

8. Moscow is the … city in our country.

a) biggest

b) bigest

9. You are much … than your brother.

a) more taller

b) taller

10. He is the … student in our group.

a) more talented

b) most talented