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2. Give Russian equivalents for:

during the daytime; nearly a million people work there, but less than 8 000 people actually live there; the latter is known as; it was used as; where the Crown Jewels are kept; St. Paul's Cathedral with its huge dome and rows of columns is considered to be a fine specimen of Renaissance architecture; its two graceful towers stand high above the city; Trafalgar Square is one of the main tourist attractions in London; the victory was won at the cost of Nelson's life; at its top; the fine building facing the square is the National Gallery and adjoining it is the Portrait Gallery.

The Capital

London is the capital of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. It is the largest city in Europe and one of the largest cities in the world with the population of 11 million people. London was founded by Romans more than 2,000 years ago.

London is home for the headquarters of all government departments, Parliament, the major legal institutions and the monarch. It is the country's business and banking centre and the centre of its transport network. It contains the headquarters of the national television networks and of all the national newspapers.

Traditionally London is divided into the West End and the East End. The former is known for its many theatres, cinemas, luxurious hotels and restaurants and expensive shops. The latter is known as the poorer residential area of Central London; the Port of London is situated there.

The heart of London is the City. The City is home to London's main financial organizations. The Royal Exchange, the Stock Exchange and the Bank of England are situated there. During the daytime, nearly a million people work there, but less than 8 000 people actually live there. Here is situated the tower of London. The tower of London was founded by Julius Caesar and in 1066 rebuilt by William the Conqueror. It was used as a fortress, a royal residence and a prison. Now it is a museum of armour and also the place where the Crown Jewels are kept.

St Paul's Cathedral is the greatest of English churches. It was built by a famous English architect, Sir Christopher Wren (1632 - 1723). St. Paul's Cathedral with its huge dome and rows of columns is considered to be a fine specimen of Renaissance architecture.

Westminster Abbey is another well-known historical building. Many English sovereigns, outstanding statesmen, painters (Newton and Darwin among them) are buried here.

Westminster Palace is the seat of the British Parliament. Its two graceful towers stand high above the city. The higher of the two contains the largest clock in the country and the famous bell Big Ben that strikes every quarter of the hour.

Trafalgar Square is one of the main tourist attractions in London. It was so named in memory of the victory in the battle of Trafalgar, where on October 21, 1805 the English fleet under Nelson's command defeated the combined fleet of France and Spain. The victory was won at the cost of Nelson's life. In the middle of Trafalgar Square stands Nelson's monument - a tall column with the figure of Nelson at its top. The column is guarded by four bronze lions.

The fine building facing the square is the National Gallery and adjoining it is the Portrait Gallery. The British Museum is the biggest museum in London. It contains a priceless collection of different things (ancient manuscripts, coins, sculptures, etc.). The British Museum is famous for its library - one of the richest in the world.