01 семестр / Разное / Всё сделанное в учебнике (переведены тексты и сделаны упражнения) / упр5 / 1

by means of prp ~ посредством,

при помощи

calculation n — вычисление

go on v — продолжать(ся)

machine - tool n — станок

matter n — дело, вопрос

ordinary а— обыкновенный

perform v — выполнять, делать,

исполнять

quality n — качество

СЛОВООБРАЗОВАНИЕ Упражнение 10. Переведите следующие производные слова:

глагол или существительное + - ive = прилагательное to act - действовать —> active - деятельный intensity — интенсивность —»intensive — интенсивный

to conserve - conservative, progress - progressive, effect - effective, mass - massive, to react - reactive;

суффикс суи^ествительного — иге nature - природа; culture - культура

structure, manufacture, future, measure, feature, agriculture;

префикс super - (сверх, супер) supernatural- сверхестественный; superpower — сверхдержава

supergenius, supercomputer, superman, supermarket, supersonic, superhot, superconductor.

Упражнение 11. Прочитайте и переведите следующие интернациональные слова:

, *№*щ

computer, supercomputer [ sju:pakanipju:t9], general [6!зепэгэ1], mil­lions, electron, electronics, electronic instrument, electronically controlled ma­chines [md'/i:nz], airplane, glorje [gfaub], millimeter, Center, operation, com-

ponents [karripaunants], materials [ma'tiarialz], laboratory[1эЪэгэ1эп], mi dern, lecontls, physical ['fizikel], limit, specialists ['зре/эlists], photons [Тэшэпг].

Упражнение 12. Прочитайте и запомните произношение слов:

race [reis], usage [ju^pids], device [di:'vais], circle [sa:kl], world [w9:ld], circuit ['sa:kifj, undoubtedly [An'dautidli], require [ri'kwaia], quality ['kwDliti], quantity ['kwDntiti], purity [pju:riti], produce [piVdjurs], throughout [Qru'aut], reliable [ri'laiabl], whole [houl], perform [pa'fb:m], simultaneously [simarteinjasli], basic ['beisik], available [a'veilabl], research [ri'sa:tj], expect [iks'pect].

Слова и словосочетания для запоминания

capable a - способный circuit n - схема, цепь close a - близкий, тесный complete v - завершать control - управлять, контро­лировать depend on v - зависеть от

according to adv ~ согласно, соот­ветственно

available a - доступный, имею­щийся в распоряжении beam n — луч built-in p.p. - встроенный

fast a — быстрый generation n — поколение reliable a — надежный require v — требовать(ся) speed n — скорость surround v - окружать task n — задание, задача up to prp — вплоть до, до usage n — использование whereas cj ~ тогда как, в то время как

TEXT 5A

Прочитайте текст и прокоментируйте его заголовок. Прав ли автор, дав такой заголо­вок? Найдите в тексте соответствующие факты. Переведите текст.

Is there an End to the Computer Race?

Today the word "electronics" is in general usage. Millions of peo­ple have electron watches. There are a lot of various radio and TV sets and tape-recorders in our houses. In factories and plants we are sur­rounded with electronically controlled machines and instruments, we are carried by airplanes, ships, trains and cars with built-in electro­nic devices, and satellites circle the globe. In other words, we are living in an electronic world.

And the center of this world is a tiny silicon plate¹ of a few square millimetres, an integrated circuit² or a chip³, as it is more commonly known. The integrated circuit is undoubtedly one of the most sophis­ticated⁴ inventions of man, science and technology, it is in the heart of every electronic device and the more tape-recorders, TV sets and computers we need, the more integrated circuits are required.

When we speak about a further development of computers we mean not only quantity, but also high technology⁵ and high speed. As the operation of an integrated circuit depends on microscopic "com­ponents", the purity of all materials and the cleanness at the plant they are produced at must be of the highest quality. A continuous search is going on in laboratories throughout the world for more perfect, reli­able and high speed electronic circuits.

In the past it took⁶ scientists and researchers a whole life­time to make a few thousand calculations, whereas for a modern computer this task is a matter of a few seconds. At present com­puters capable of performing billions of operations a second are required. Supercomputers are different from ordinary computers. The ordinary computer does the computations operation by operation, while the supercomputer operates like a brain: all

64

Учебник английского языка для студентов техн. университетов

65