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Lesson 3. People and Jobs. Yourself And The "Market" Рынок Труда и Вы

Among the most personally rewarding (полезных) demonstrations of your communication power is your use of words to get the job you want.

Nowhere is this ability more important than in the application (заявка) for a job. Here your skill in personal expression meets its toughest (сложный, жёсткий) test: Can you get the job you need through your words alone?

To this test question no one can answer yes except you. You alone can properly tell the facts about yourself. No one else can do it successfully.

То apply successfully for employment requires research on the one hand; and creativity on the other.

Research involves your discovering or rediscovering information about (1) yourself as a prospective worker, (2) other people as prospective employers or co-workers, and (3) circumstances (обстоятельства) that are likely to associate you with those other people. Creativity, related to employment applications, involves your producing words and actions that represent your research finding so that you will effectively fulfill your purpose(достичь свою цель) and get your job.

On the practical scale (практический масштаб) no kind of communication ranks higher (не имеет такого высокого уровня) for personal use than the job application message (заявление о приеме на работу). Although many applicant ( кандидат) have acceptable or even good educations, they have for some reason learned nothing whatever about how to apply for a job.

Your application represents you as it reaches your prospective employer's desk (письменный стол). Your skill and ability will be sold in competition. So prepare yourself to compete with other applicants who, just as earnestly (убедительно, настойчиво) as you, may want the same job. Like you, they will put their dependence(ожидание решения) on an application in which they picture themselves as well as they know how. Your task is to make yourself more skillful so that you may outperform (опережать) the others.

Prospective employers want to "size up" (сопоставить, оценить, измерить) applicants ahead of the interview. They want to determine in advance whether the applicants are worth further contact. The impression their applications make literally determine (буквально определяют) whether they are worth taking the time to see.

To introduce a product, you study it to find its superior (лучшие) qualities and uses. You then study your market to find who are your prospective buyers, where they live, what their buying habits are, what features and qualities they are looking for and what appeals will be strongest.

You follow the same process in winning a job. You study yourself to discover your personal qualities. You get ready to put into persuasive (убедительные) words a description of your training, your skill, your knowledge, and your ability. You study the services you can offer in order to be able to present them effectively.

Next you search out prospective employers who might have a need for the kind of ability you can offer. You find out where these employers work, when they do their interviewing, what opportunities are open, what qualifications are needed for handling these jobs. You then put yourself on the “examining stand” (стенд с рейтингом) and decide whether the qualification you have are those the employer wants. You proceed to the third and final step, the application itself, only if your completed study of yourself and the job shows that your qualifications fit.

Thus (таким образом) you complete the preparatory study that gives your application the advantage over aggressive competition. For competition you will have! To meet it, you must make every preparatory step count. (подсчитанным)

Here is a summary:

The Product: yourself, your skills, your abilities.

The Market: prospective employers whose locations, job opportunities, and needs have been studied.

The Contact: your application itself.

Major classes of applications : (1) solicited, written in response to advertisements (usually “want ads”), and (2) unsolicited. ( Основные виды заявлений: (1) запрашивается, написано в ответ на рекламные объявления (обычно «хотят рекламу») и (2) не запрашивается.)

An unsolicited application(не запрашиваемые заявления) is one written by an applicant (кандидат) who hopes that there may be an employment opening or who happens to hear of a vacancy. But more commonly it is written at the suggestion of a third person who may know the prospective employer or who may have knowledge of a definite job that is open. The “third person” may be a friend, an employment agency, or a representative of an appointment bureau.

On the other hand, advertisements draw (привлекает) the greater number of applications. Because of the scores (множества) of applications that result (являются результатом), your message, if it is to obtain more than casual notice, must stimulate attention and interest through its expression, tone (стиль, характер), and appearance.

Ex. 1. Look at the list of jobs and the adjectives characterizing them. Discuss the jobs using these adjectives.

Example: a firefighter – This work is really dangerous and stressful. It isn’t suited for me.

Jobs: an assistant to a bank manager; an interpreter for a politician; the salesman of a CD shop; a nurse; a firefighter; an accountant (бухгалтер); a barman; a policeman.

Adjectives: - boring / routine / unstimulating

- nice / fun a barman

- dangerous / frightening a firefighter

- well paid a policeman

- popular / modern an assistant to a bank manager

- relaxing the salesman of a CD shop

- exciting / stressful a nurse

- suited for me / satisfying an interpreter for a politician

- promising but challenging. an accountant

Ex. 2. Match the opposites.

1. hardworking h) lazy

2. sociable, easy-going (с легким характером) e) unsociable, bossy (любящий распоряжаться; властный), reserved (скрытный; сдержанный;)

3. attentive i) inattentive (внимательный i) невнимательный)

4. honest, truthful a) dishonest, double-faced

5. reliable, devoted f) unreliable

6. quick, witty k) slow-witted быстрый, остроумный k) неразумный

7. brave, courageous b) apprehensive смелый, мужественный б) опасающийся

8. responsible d) irresponsible ответственный г) безответственный

9. well-organized g) badly-organized, disorganized

10. careful, prudent j) careless, imprudent осторожный, осмотрительный j) неосторожный, неосмотрительный

11. decisive c) indecisive, hesitant решительный c) нерешительный, колеблющийся

Ex. 3. Name the opposites to the following adjectives.

active, energetic – lazy, tired, slow, lifeless; creative, imaginative – uncreative, unproductive, unimaginative; friendly – mean, unfriendly, uncompaniable (необщительный); balanced, quiet –unreasonable, unfair, loud, noisy, troubled; helpful – unhelpful, unfriendly; patient (терпеливый )–violent, impatient, loud, rough (грубый).

Ex. 4. Look at the list of professions below. Use the adjectives to describe specific features for each of them. Give reasons.

Example: A salesman should be a hard-working, well-organized person who is also honest. A job like this needs a person who gets on well with people at work, who is friendly, patient and attentive.

A lawyer, a nurse, an architect, a receptionist, a journalist, an accountant, a cashier, a security guard, a mechanic.

A lawyer (hardworking, attentive, honest, reliable, responsible, decisive (решительный)).

A nurse (hardworking, sociable, attentive, quick, careful, honest).

An architect (hardworking, attentive, witty, responsible, well-organized, decisive).

A receptionist (секретарь в приемной) (hardworking, sociable, attentive, quick, responsible, well-organized).

A journalist (sociable, attentive, witty, well-organized, decisive, responsible).

An accountant (бухгалтер) (attentive, quick, responsible, careful, decisive, honest).

A cashier (кассир)(hardworking, sociable, attentive, quick, well-organized, reliable).

A security guard (attentive, reliable, quick, brave, responsible, careful).

A mechanic (hardworking, attentive, responsible, careful).

Ex.5. Read the advertisement for a job.

The International Language Center

wants

a receptionist

Do you like working with people?

Can you speak two foreign languages?

Can you use a word processor?(текстовый редактор)

Do you know Oxford well?

Write to Jane Watson, Director

The Oxford International Center

16 College Street, OxfordOX2 7PT

Ex. 6. Read the information about Ann. She is interested in the job. Fill in the gaps in her letter of application.

Name: Ann Barnes

Age: 26

Address: 7 Hope Road, Oxford OX6 5PT

Present job: tourist guide

Last job: hotel receptionist

Skills: fluent French and Spanish, Microsoft Office, typing 80w.p.m.

Qualities: sociable, creative, responsible.

7 Hope Road

Oxford OX6 5PT

10th August 2007

Jane Watson

Director

The International Language Center

16 College Street

Oxford OX2 7PT

Dear Ms. Watson,

I am interested in the job of a receptionist at the International Language Center. I am 26 years old and I live in Oxford. At the moment I work as a tourist guide, but last year I worked a hotel receptionist. I like working with people and I can speak fluent Spanish and French. I can also use a word processor and type 80 w.p.m.(words per minute) I was born in Oxford, so I know it very well. I look forward to hearing from you.

Yours sincerely,

Ann Barnes

Ex. 7. Look at the advertisement for another job. Write a letter of application.

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