- •Предисловие
- •Цель данного сборника – совершенствование языковых знаний, умений и навыков студентов, а именно навыков чтения и устной речи в рамках профессиональной тематики.
- •Сборник учебных текстов и упражнений включает 7 разделов по основным аспектам бизнеса: международная торговля, маркетинг, менеджмент, финансы, бухгалтерский учёт.
- •Unit I
- •Business Basics
- •Words to remember
- •Tasks to perform
- •4. Translate the following sentences from Russian into English.
- •Words to remember
- •1) vary / variety / various
- •2) excite / excitement / excited / exciting
- •3) specify / specific / specification
- •4) involve / involvement / involved
- •5) advance / advanced / advancement / to advance
- •6) suit / suitable / suitability
- •4. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •5. Translate the following definitions. Find the appropriate term for each of them.
- •6. Translate into English using the appropriate terms.
- •7. Extra Reading
- •Tasks to perform
- •1. Read the text again and translate the following phrases from Russian into English.
- •2. Read the definitions and find the words in the text suitable for them.
- •Presenting the results of research
- •1. Give English equivalents of the words and word partnerships used in the text.
- •2. Match the words and word partnerships on the left with the words used in the
- •text on the right.
- •1. Give English equivalents of the words and word partnerships used in the text.
- •2. Match word partnerships on the left with the words used in the text on the
- •right.
- •Unit 3
- •International Business
- •Words to remember
- •1. Give English equivalents of the words and word partnerships used in the text.
- •1. compare / comparison / comparative
- •2. technical / technician / technique
- •3. benefit / beneficial / beneficiary
- •4. domestic / domestically
- •5. nation / national / nationalize
- •6. advantage / advantageous / disadvantage
- •5. Translate the following sentences from Russian into English.
- •Extra reading
- •Import / Export
- •Word focus
- •2. to provide or achieve something that other people benefit from
- •Tasks to perform
- •the sentences.
- •5. Translate the following text into English.
- •Words to remember
- •Part 1 An Accounting Overview
- •Words to remember
- •2. to get something that one deserves because of good work
- •Tasks to perform
- •1. Give English equivalents of the words and word partnerships used in the text.
- •2. Match the verbs used in the text with their synonyms.
- •1) accountant / accountancy / account
- •2) summarize / summary
- •3) state / statement
- •4) compute / computation
- •5) compare / comparison / comparative / comparatively
- •6) require / requirement / required
- •7) accurate / accurately / accuracy
- •5. Translate the following sentences into English
- •Extra reading
- •The management accountant
- •Forget the stereotype of accountants: they are now ambitious business strategists.
- •3. Are these statements true or false? Correct the false ones.
- •Talk about the job Gabriella does.
- •Words to remember
- •2. one of the parts into which ownership of a company is divided; equity
- •Tasks to perform
- •2. Circle the word which does not belong in each horizontal group.
- •3. Match the following general headings to the groups of five words that you
- •identified above.
- •4. Company Performance
- •Complete the passage below using the appropriate words given below.
- •5. Translate the following text into English
- •Tasks to perform
- •1. Give English equivalents of the words and word partnerships used in the text.
- •2. Match the verbs from the text on the left with their synonyms on the right.
- •3. Fill the gaps with the appropriate word partnership. Translate the sentences.
- •1) prime / primary / primarily
- •2) utilize / utilization
- •3) expand / expansion
- •4) consider / consideration / considering
- •5) expense / expensive
- •6) insure / insurance
- •1. Give English equivalents of the words and word partnerships used in the text.
- •2. Match word partnerships used in the text on the left with the synonymous
- •verbs on the right.
- •4. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •5. Процент – это плата за пользование кредитом.
- •A bank loan
- •A loan from family or friends
- •1. Which are the most popular?
- •2. Which are the safest?
- •3. Which are the easiest to obtain?
- •4. Do you know any other ways of raising finance?
- •Example: raise a loan, raise finance, raise money
- •4. Read these statements and check if you understand the vocabulary.
- •2. Do not accept their money without signing a formal contract.
- •3. Share information openly with them in order to get funding from them.
- •4. They have a reputation for financing technology companies.
- •5. They will not lend money to people starting a business for the first time.
- •6. You must have property to guarantee the loan.
- •refers to.
- •You are business advisors. You will give advice to a pair of entrepreneurs about how to finance a small business they want to start.
- •Before talking to them, decide what type of finance might be suitable for them: a bank loan, a loan from family or friends, a mortgage or using personal savings.
- •You will need to ask them:
- •Prepare some questions and when you are ready, meet the entrepreneurs, discuss their plans with them and give them your best advice.
- •Pair B
- •2. Match the verbs and word partnerships used in the text with their synonyms.
- •1) manage / manager / managerial / management
- •b) She lacked … experience and didn’t get the job.
- •2) evaluate / evaluation
- •Tasks to perform
- •1. Give English equivalents of the words and word partnerships used in the text.
- •2. Give English words and word partnerships used in the text for the following
- •definitions.
- •reasons.
- •1. Give English equivalents of the words and word partnerships used in the text.
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5.They will not lend money to people starting a business for the first time.
6.You must have property to guarantee the loan.
5.Read these three paragraphs, which give information on how to obtain finance for business start-ups, and decide which one each statement 1-6 in Exercise 4
refers to.
A.Banks are in the business of lending money, so you will get a polite hearing. But fine words, enthusiasm and energy won’t be enough to talk them into giving you a loan. They expect to see an intelligent business plan. Establish realistic budgets and work out what the absolute minimum is that you need to live on. A cash flow forecast is important. So give details of your projected income and expenditure, and have an idea of how long it will take you to reach a break even point (when a company is neither making a profit nor a loss – точка безубыточности).
Banks like to use assets such as premises, motor vehicles or equipment as collateral (or security - залог) against loans. Banks don’t care whether or not your business has great potential. They are only interested in the business’s ability to cover the principal and interest payments.
B.If your friends and family express an interest in helping you with your business financing, try to persuade them in a professional way. Make a presentation in exactly the same way as you would to a bank. Don’t be embarrassed to show financial statements, tax returns or whatever else they want to see. Do anything to get that money! But do think carefully before asking family members to trust you with their life savings. If the business fails how will you tell them? You should prepare a written agreement about any loans. If you don’t, bitter arguments will damage the relationships eventually.
C.Another possibility is to find business “angels” - some venture capital firms which will consider financing a start-up. However, they will only be interested in entrepreneurs who have experience of successfully starting up businesses. They are best known for financing high-tech firms, but they do finance other types of businesses.
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Role play Advice about starting a business (work in pairs) Pair A
You are business advisors. You will give advice to a pair of entrepreneurs about how to finance a small business they want to start.
Before talking to them, decide what type of finance might be suitable for them: a bank loan, a loan from family or friends, a mortgage or using personal savings.
You will need to ask them:
-about the type of business
-about their personal financial circumstances
-if the business will suit the skills and interests of theirs
-if they have done market research
-who their future customers will be
-if they have many competitors
-if they have any advantages over their competitors
-what machinery they need for their business
-where they are going to locate their business
-when they are going to reach a break-even point
Prepare some questions and when you are ready, meet the entrepreneurs, discuss their plans with them and give them your best advice.
Pair B
You are entrepreneurs who are thinking of starting a new business, but you need advice on how to finance it. So, you are going to consult some small business advisors.
Some ideas for people who want to start their own business:
a)Buy a disused cinema. Decorate it in the style of Ancient Egypt, or Dracula’s
Castle. Rent it out as a venue for parties and conferences. Change the décor every six months.
b)Breed ostriches. Ostrich meat is the meat of the future and contains less cholesterol than turkey and chicken.
c)Run a job placement agency for new graduates. Offer and advice service, which includes psychometric testing to see what sort of job is the most suitable for candidates.
d)Open up a second-hand store. All you need is a storage area and an idea what second-hand goods are worth. Someone brings an object to your store and together
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you set a price. Set it and take a third of the money as commission.
e)Build teams with nature’s help. Rent some place (eg. a Scottish island) and organize training weeks to help business people find their inner strengths by climbing mountains, hunting, and camping outdoors. Use ex-army instructor to run the courses.
f)Open an English-speaking tearoom where people pay by the hour to improve their English. They can enjoy tea, cake, and the company of English speakers.
g)Start up a health food shop selling organic fruit and vegetables. More and more people are worried about the food they eat and the chemicals that they have in them.
Your personal financial circumstances: you have savings of $50,000
Financing requirements: approximately $70,000 if you are ready to use your
personal savings. This extra money can be spent on: |
|
|
- equipment |
- preparing your premises |
- staff salary |
- initial advertising |
- materials |
|
Work together and decide what questions to ask and what advice you need from the advisors.
You may ask them advice on the type of financing your business, best location of your firm, a number and kind of employees recruited, etc.
When you are ready, explain your business idea to the business advisors. Get their advice on how best to finance your business.
Unit 6 Human Aspects of Business Organizations
Part 1 Management Functions
Words to remember
management (n) – the activity or skill of directing and controlling the work of a company or organization
vital (adj.) – necessary; of the greatest importance overall (adj.) – including everything
objective (n) – a goal or an aim charge (n) – (here) responsibility
to evaluate (v) – to carefully consider something to see how useful or valuable it is; to assess
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to fit (into) (v) – to match or agree; to harmonize to establish (v) – (here) to create
to revise (v) – to change (opinions, intentions) because of new information or more thought
to allocate (v) – to decide officially that a particular amount of money, time etc should be used for a particular purpose
to attain (v) – to gain or arrive at, esp. after long effort; to reach associated (adj.) – connected with
to staff (v) – to provide workers for an organization
to supervise (v) – to be in charge of a group of people or a particular area of work supervision (n) – the work of making sure something is done properly
ongoing (adj.) – continuing
to direct (v) – 1. to control and be in charge of (an activity or situation); to manage 2. to order; to command
direction (n) – management or control
to guide (v) – to show someone the right way to do something, especially something difficult or complicated
to motivate (v) – to encourage someone and make them want to work hard potential (adj.) – not actually existing at present
phase (n) – a stage of development
to complete (v) – to finish; to bring to an end
to assign (v) – to give someone a particular job or task adequately (adv) – good enough
to vary (v) – (here) to change, esp. continually interpersonal (adj.) – concerning relations between people
Tasks to perform
1. Give English equivalents of the words and word partnerships used in the text.
Играть очень важную роль; |
команда руководителей; |
нести |
|
||
ответственность за; |
достичь цели; |
работать эффективно; |
выполнять |
||
функции; планирование включает; |
определять общие цели компании; |
оценивать альтернативные планы; выбирать определённый курс действий;
соответствовать целям; устанавливать цели; |
стоять первым в списке; |
переходить к выполнению других функций; |
пересматривать цели; |