paIU8PM57U
.pdf», |
. |
|
, |
|
, |
. |
, |
, |
|
, |
|
|
, |
, |
. |
|
, |
, |
|
, , |
, |
« |
». |
|
, |
|
|
. |
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
? |
|
|
, |
, |
|
|
|
|
|
||
– |
|
, |
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
, |
|
, |
|
|
|
, |
, |
, |
|
, |
|
|
|
, |
|
, |
, |
« |
|
». |
|
, |
|
, |
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
« |
|
». |
|
|
|
. |
. |
« |
» |
, |
|
|
|
|
|
. |
, |
|
|
|
|
|
||
, |
, |
|
|
, |
|
|
, |
|
, |
|
|
|
, |
|
, |
, |
, |
|
, |
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
. |
|
|
|
|
, |
, |
|
|
|
– |
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
« |
» |
|
, |
« |
» |
, |
, |
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|||
|
, . . « |
|
». |
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
, |
|
, |
|
, |
, |
, |
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
, |
. |
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
( |
|
|
), |
|
|
|
, |
|
. |
|
|
|
|
41 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
. |
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
, |
|
. |
, |
|
, |
|
, |
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
, |
|
, |
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
( |
, |
|
|
, |
|
.). |
, |
|
. |
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
, |
|
, |
|
|
: |
|
|
|
. |
|
|
, |
|
, |
, |
|
, |
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
. |
|
, |
|
: |
|
( |
|
|
|
|
||
|
), |
|
, |
|
|
: |
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
42 |
|
|
|
.1 |
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
, |
( |
« |
»). |
|
, |
, |
|
, |
|
|
||
|
|
|
. |
. . |
. |
|
, |
, |
|
, |
|
|
|
||
– |
. |
, |
|
, |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
. |
, « |
». |
|
|
||
|
|
|
– |
|
, |
|
, |
|
. |
|
|
|
, |
, |
. |
1. |
|
. . |
: |
|
|
|
|
. |
.: |
|
|
, 1994. 415 . |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2. |
, . . |
// |
. |
|
|
. |
. |
.: |
|
|
|
, 1991. 525 . |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3. |
. |
. |
. |
. 14:6. |
|
|
4 . |
. 3. |
.: |
4. |
// |
. |
|
|
|
||||
|
, 1994. 654 . |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5. |
1957. 328 . |
. . |
. |
.: |
. |
|
|
|
, |
|
. . |
|
|
. |
.: |
|
, 1998. |
||
6. |
688 . |
|
|
|
|||||
|
. . |
|
|
|
.: |
|
, 1973. |
||
7. |
424 . |
|
|
. |
|
||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8. |
. . |
|
// |
: |
|
|
. .: |
|
|
|
« |
- |
», 1994. 592 . |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
. |
// |
. |
4 . . 3. - .: |
, 1994. |
|
|
|
|
|
. 191-192.
43
9. |
ё . . |
|
|
|
|
|
|
// |
. 2003. №4. |
. 26-34. |
|
10. |
ё |
. . |
- |
|
|
|
|
// |
|
. |
.: |
|
|
|
, 2003. |
. 5. . 215-230. |
|
44
81-35+347.78.034
81.2-7
. .
«
»
. ,
, |
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
( . |
, . |
, . |
ё |
.). |
, |
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
. |
, |
|
, « |
», |
». |
|
, |
, « |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A.V. Kopylov |
|
|
|
|
Murmansk Arctic State University |
|
|
|
|
Murmansk, Russia |
ETHICAL FRAMEWORKS IN TRANSLATION
Abstract. The article discusses a theoretical opposition between the traditional
‘code of ethics’ imposed on translators, and the approach put forward in a number of studies of the ethical dimension of translation (V. Bibikhin, A. Berman, P. Ricœur etc.)
which envisage the translation phenomenon in its entirety. The author suggests that, whereas the former approach is narrowly deontological, the latter marks a significant turn towards virtue ethics, opening an entirely new perspective on the problem of translation ethics. The author also discusses the influence of a number of external factors on the ethical dimension of translation.
Key words. Translation, translation ethics, the translator’s code of ethics, deontological ethics, virtue ethics, “linguistic hospitality”.
.
. |
|
|
, |
|
|
|
, |
« |
», |
« |
», |
|
|
|
, |
45
|
|
. |
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
, |
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
. |
|
|
|
|
« |
|
|
» |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
. . |
. |
|
|
|
|
, |
|
. (1) |
|
|
|
, . . |
|
|
||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
, |
|
|
, . . |
|
. |
. |
(2) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|
- |
|
|
. (3) |
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
. . |
|
|
|
, . . |
|
|
, |
( |
|
, |
|
, |
|
|
, |
|
). (4) |
|
||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
|
. (5) |
|
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
« |
»1. |
« |
» |
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|||
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
« |
|
» |
|
|
« |
|
» |
|
|
, |
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
, |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
. |
|
|
, |
|
« |
» |
|
|
|
|
« |
|
, |
|
». |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
, |
|
|
|
« |
» |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
, |
|
, |
|
|
|
. |
, |
|
|
« |
|
» |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
: |
|
, |
|
, |
« |
|
» |
|
|
|
– Le |
|
Code de déontologie de la SFT. |
|
, |
|
|
|
||||
|
|
|
|
« |
|
|
». |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
. |
. : |
|
|
|
1 |
. . |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
; . : |
|
|
« |
», 2006. |
. 29-30. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
46 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
, |
, |
|
|
|
|
, . . |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. . |
, |
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
, |
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
, |
|
ё |
(Paul |
Ricœur), |
|||
|
|
|
|||||||
(Henri Meschonnic), |
|
|
(Antoine Berman), |
- |
|||||
(Jean-Louis Cordonnier), |
|
: |
(Lawrence Venuti). |
||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
« |
|
|
|
» |
|
. . |
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
: |
|
|
|
|
, |
|
« |
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
», |
|
»: |
, |
« |
|
, |
« |
|
», |
, |
|
, « |
|
|
|
||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
« |
||
|
|
». |
» |
« |
|
|
, |
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
|
|
|
» |
( |
. – |
. |
.)1. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
, |
|
, |
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
« |
» |
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
. |
« |
|
|
|
» |
|
|
|
ё . |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
: |
« |
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
, |
|
|
|
[…] – |
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
( |
|
. – . |
.)»2. |
||
, |
|
: |
« |
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
, |
|
|
, |
|
|
» ( |
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
– . .). |
« |
|
|
|
|
» |
|
|
|
1
2
|
. . |
. .: |
, 2001. . 201-202. |
|
|
. |
|
( |
) / |
. . . |
, . . |
: |
, 2007. . 299-300. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
47 |
|
|
|
. |
ё , |
, |
|
|
1. |
|
|
|
, |
||||
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
. |
|
|
|
– « |
|
|
|
». |
|
, |
|
, . . |
|
, |
« |
|
» |
« |
». |
|
, |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
||
( |
|
|
. |
) |
|
|
? |
|
, |
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
, |
, |
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
, |
|
. . « |
» |
: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.2 |
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
« |
|
» (1995)3. |
- |
||
|
|
|
||||
ё |
, |
|
|
|
, |
, |
|
, |
|
|
, |
– |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
, |
|
|
. |
|
, |
|
|
|
. |
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
, - |
« |
». |
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
: |
|
, |
|
. |
|
|
|
||
|
, |
|
|
1813 |
. |
, |
|
|
|
», |
|
, |
, |
|
« |
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
1 Ricœur P. Sur la traduction. Paris: Bayard, 2004. |
. 19-20. |
|
|
2 The Translation Studies Reader. / L.Venuti (ed.). London and New York, 2000. . 285 –
286. |
|
3 |
.: Cordonnier J.-L. Traduction et culture. Paris: Hatier, Didier ; Les Editions Didier, |
|
|
1995. |
|
|
48 |
|
|
|
|
« |
|
|
», |
|
|
« |
» |
|
|
), |
|
( |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
. |
|
|
. |
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
, |
ё , |
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|||
|
|
, |
, |
, |
, |
|
|
. |
|
||
|
, |
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
, |
, |
|
|
|
|
||
|
, |
, |
|
, |
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ethics), . . |
, |
|
|
. |
(virtue |
, |
||
|
|
|
|
||
|
« |
|
|
», |
|
|
, |
|
. |
« |
» |
|
|
, |
|
, |
|
. . |
|
, |
|
. |
|
( |
|
, |
, |
, |
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
) |
|
|
( |
, |
|
|
). |
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
( |
, |
|
|
|
, |
|
), |
, |
, |
|
( |
) |
, |
|
|
|
|
, |
, |
|
. |
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
49 |
|
|
|
« |
|
|
» |
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
, |
, |
, . |
ё , |
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
, |
|
|
, |
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
, |
|
|
|
, |
|
. |
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
, |
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
, |
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
, |
|
|
|
. |
, |
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
. . |
« |
|
» |
– |
|
|
, |
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
( |
|
) |
|
, |
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
, |
|
|
« |
» |
|
|
|
: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
« |
|
» |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1. |
|
, |
|
|
, |
|
( . . |
). |
|
« |
|
|
|
» |
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|
, |
, |
, |
|
|
|
|
, |
|
, |
||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
|
|
, |
|
. |
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
- |
, |
|
, |
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
, |
.: Munday J. Introducing Translation Studies. London: Routledge, 2001. P. |
||||||
|
||||||||
136-137. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
50 |
|
|
|
|