комплексная реабилитация
.pdfɆɈȾȿɅɖ ɄɈɆɉɅȿɄɋɇɈɃ ɊȿȺȻɂɅɂɌȺɐɂɂ ɂɇȼȺɅɂȾɈȼ ȼ ɊɈɋɋɂɃɋɄɈɃ ɎȿȾȿɊȺɐɂɂ
ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɟ |
ɜɡɪɨɫɥɵɦ |
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ɡɪɟɧɢɸ ɩɪɢ |
ɟɝɨ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ |
ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɚɦ ɩɨ |
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ɰɟɧɬɪɚɯ |
ɫɬɚɬɭɫɚ |
ɡɪɟɧɢɸ. ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭ |
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ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ |
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ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɭ |
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ɥɢɰ ɈȼɁ |
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ɩɪɢɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɨɱɟɧɶ |
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ɞɨɥɝɨ ɠɞɚɬɶ |
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ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ |
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ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɣ |
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ɰɟɧɬɪ ɞɥɹ |
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ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ ɩɨ |
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ɡɪɟɧɢɸ |
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Ɇɨɥɨɞɨɣ |
ɇɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɶ |
ɉɪɨɫɜɟɳɟɧɢɟ |
ɉɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɱɟɪɟɡ |
ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤ ɩɨɬɟɪɹɥ |
ɢɥɢ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɭ |
ɦɟɞɢɰɢɧɫɤɢɯ |
ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ |
ɡɪɟɧɢɟ, ɧɨ ɧɟ |
ɦɟɞɢɰɢɧɫɤɢɯ |
ɪɚɛɨɬɧɢɤɨɜ |
ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɹ |
ɩɨɥɭɱɚɟɬ |
ɪɚɛɨɬɧɢɤɨɜ (ɜ |
(ɜɪɚɱɟɣ) ɩɨ |
ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ |
ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɨɧɧ |
ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ, ɜɪɚɱɚ- |
ɜɨɩɪɨɫɚɦ |
ɦɟɞɢɰɢɧɫɤɢɯ |
ɵɟ ɭɫɥɭɝɢ, |
ɨɤɭɥɢɫɬɚ, |
ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɨɣ |
ɪɚɛɨɬɧɢɤɨɜ |
ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɟ |
ɭɱɚɫɬɤɨɜɨɝɨ |
ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ |
ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɨ |
ɧɚ |
ɬɟɪɚɩɟɜɬɚ ɢ ɞɚɠɟ |
ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ |
ɟ ɩɪɨɫɜɟɳɟɧɢɟ |
ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɟ |
ɪɚɛɨɬɧɢɤɨɜ Ɇɋɗ – |
ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ ɩɨ |
ɜɪɚɱɟɣ ɩɨ |
ɟɝɨ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ |
ɫɥɭɠɛ ɦɟɞɢɤɨ- |
ɡɪɟɧɢɸ |
ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɚɦ |
ɫɬɚɬɭɫɚ |
ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ |
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ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɨɣ |
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ɷɤɫɩɟɪɬɢɡɵ) |
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ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ |
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ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɨ ɬɨɦ, |
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ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ |
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ɝɞɟ ɢ ɤɚɤɭɸ ɩɨɦɨɳɶ |
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ɥɢɰ ɫ |
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ɜ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɚɯ ɦɟɞɢɤɨ- |
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ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɟɦ |
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ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɨ- |
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ɡɪɟɧɢɹ. |
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ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ |
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2. ȼ |
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ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɢ |
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ɦɟɞɢɰɢɧɫɤɢɯ |
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ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ |
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ɜɭɡɚɯ ɜɜɟɫɬɢ |
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ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɦɨɝɭɬ |
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ɩɪɟɩɨɞɚɜɚɧɢɟ |
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ɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɶ ɦɨɥɨɞɵɟ |
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ɤɭɪɫɚ |
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ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɵ ɩɨ |
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«Ɉɫɧɨɜɵ |
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ɡɪɟɧɢɸ |
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ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɨɣ |
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ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ |
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ɞɟɬɟɣ ɢ |
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ɜɡɪɨɫɥɵɯ ɫ |
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ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɵɦɢ |
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ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ |
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ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ», ɜ |
288
ɆɈȾȿɅɖ ɄɈɆɉɅȿɄɋɇɈɃ ɊȿȺȻɂɅɂɌȺɐɂɂ ɂɇȼȺɅɂȾɈȼ ȼ ɊɈɋɋɂɃɋɄɈɃ ɎȿȾȿɊȺɐɂɂ
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ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ |
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ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɵ ɛɭɞɭɬ |
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ɡɧɚɤɨɦɢɬɶɫɹ ɢ ɫ |
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ɜɨɩɪɨɫɚɦɢ |
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ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɨɣ |
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(ɪɟ)ɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ |
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ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ ɩɨ |
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ɡɪɟɧɢɸ |
ɋɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɵ ɜ |
ɋɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɵ – |
ɉɟɪɟɞɚɜɚɬɶ |
1. Ɉɛɹɡɚɬɶ |
ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ |
(ɪɟ)ɚɛɢɥɢɬɨɥɨɝɢ ɧɟ |
ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɸ ɨ |
ɜɪɚɱɟɣ- |
ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ |
ɢɦɟɸɬ ɫɜɟɞɟɧɢɣ |
ɦɨɥɨɞɨɦ |
ɨɮɬɚɥɶɦɨɥɨɝɨɜ |
ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ ɩɨ |
(ɮɚɦɢɥɢɣ, |
ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɟ ɫ |
ɢ/ɢɥɢ |
ɡɪɟɧɢɸ ɧɟ |
ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɧɵɯ |
ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɧɨɫɬɶɸ |
ɭɱɚɫɬɤɨɜɵɯ |
ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬ |
ɬɟɥɟɮɨɧɨɜ, |
ɩɨ ɡɪɟɧɢɸ ɜ |
ɜɪɚɱɟɣ |
ɫɜɨɟɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ |
ɚɞɪɟɫɨɜ |
ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɨɧɧ |
ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɹɬɶ ɥɢɰ |
ɩɨɦɨɳɢ |
ɩɪɨɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ) ɨɛ |
ɵɟ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ, |
ɫ |
ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɭ ɩɨ |
ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɚɯ ɩɨ |
ɐɋɈ (ɰɟɧɬɪɵ |
ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɧɨɫɬɶɸ |
ɡɪɟɧɢɸ ɢ ɟɝɨ |
ɡɪɟɧɢɸ ɦɨɥɨɞɨɝɨ |
ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ |
ɩɨ ɡɪɟɧɢɸ ɧɚ |
ɛɥɢɡɤɢɦ |
ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚ |
ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ |
ɤɨɧɫɭɥɶɬɚɰɢɸ ɢ |
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ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ0. |
ɫɨɨɛɳɚɬɶ |
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ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤ ɞɥɹ |
ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɨ ɧɢɯ ɜ |
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ɫɥɟɩɵɯ (ɨɧɚ ɨɞɧɚ |
ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɨɧɧ |
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ɜ ɤɚɠɞɨɦ |
ɵɟ ɰɟɧɬɪɵ |
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ɪɟɝɢɨɧɟ) ɢ |
ɢ/ɢɥɢ, ɤɚɤ |
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ɦɟɫɬɧɵɟ |
ɦɢɧɢɦɭɦ, ɜ |
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ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ |
ɦɟɫɬɧɵɟ |
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ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ |
ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ |
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ȼɫɟɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɝɨ |
ȼɈɋ, ɐɋɈ, |
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ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ |
ɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɟ |
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ɫɥɟɩɵɯ, |
ɢ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ |
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ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɳɢɟ, |
ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɨɧɧ |
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ɤɚɤ ɦɢɧɢɦɭɦ, |
ɵɟ ɰɟɧɬɪɵ. |
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ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵ |
2. ȼɜɟɫɬɢ |
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ɟ ɭɫɥɭɝɢ ɢ |
ɞɨɥɠɧɨɫɬɶ |
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ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ |
ɬɢɮɥɨɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɨ |
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ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɭ |
-ɥɨɝɚ ɜ ɝɥɚɡɧɵɯ |
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ɧɟɡɪɹɱɢɦ ɢ ɢɯ |
ɫɬɚɰɢɨɧɚɪɚɯ ɞɥɹ |
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ɛɥɢɡɤɢɦ |
ɩɟɪɜɢɱɧɨɝɨ |
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ɤɨɧɫɭɥɶɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢ |
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ɹ ɢ ɩɨɦɨɳɢ ɜ |
289
ɆɈȾȿɅɖ ɄɈɆɉɅȿɄɋɇɈɃ ɊȿȺȻɂɅɂɌȺɐɂɂ ɂɇȼȺɅɂȾɈȼ ȼ ɊɈɋɋɂɃɋɄɈɃ ɎȿȾȿɊȺɐɂɂ
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ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɢ |
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ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɨɜ |
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ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɚ ɩɨ |
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ɡɪɟɧɢɸ ɫ |
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ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹɦɢ, |
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ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɟɦɭ |
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ɦɨɝɭɬ ɨɤɚɡɚɬɶ |
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ɩɨɦɨɳɶ ɜ |
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ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ |
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ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ. |
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3. Ɍɪɟɛɨɜɚɬɶ ɨɬ |
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ɛɸɪɨ Ɇɋɗ ɩɪɢ |
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ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɞɥɹ |
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ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ ɩɨ |
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ɡɪɟɧɢɸ ɂɉɊ |
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ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɬɶ |
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ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɵɟ |
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ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɨɧɧ |
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ɵɟ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ |
Ɉɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɧɚ |
ɇɚ |
Ɉɛɴɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟ |
1. ɋɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ |
ɦɟɫɬɚɯ |
ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɦ |
ɭɫɢɥɢɣ ɜɫɟɯ |
ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɨɧɧ |
ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣ, ɜ |
ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɧɟ ɪɟɲɟɧɵ |
ɡɚɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜɚɧɧɵ |
ɵɯ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣ |
ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ |
ɜɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɹ |
ɯ ɫɬɨɪɨɧ ɜ |
ɞɥɹ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ |
ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɜɯɨɞɢɬ |
ɫɟɬɢ |
ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɢ |
ɩɨ ɡɪɟɧɢɸ ɢɥɢ |
ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɚɹ |
ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ |
ɩɪɚɜ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ |
ɨɬɞɟɥɟɧɢɣ ɞɥɹ |
ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɹ |
ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣ ɞɥɹ |
ɩɨ ɡɪɟɧɢɸ ɧɚ |
ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ ɩɨ |
ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ ɩɨ |
ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ ɩɨ |
ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɭɸ |
ɡɪɟɧɢɸ ɩɪɢ |
ɡɪɟɧɢɸ |
ɡɪɟɧɢɸ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ |
ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɭɸ |
ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɨɧɧ |
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ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ |
ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɸ |
ɵɯ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹɯ |
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ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɨɜ - |
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ɞɥɹ ɥɢɰ ɈȼɁ. |
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ɬɢɮɥɨɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɨɥɨ |
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2. ȼ ɲɬɚɬɵ ɐɋɈ |
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ɝɨɜ |
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ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ |
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ɜɜɟɫɬɢ |
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ɞɨɥɠɧɨɫɬɶ |
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ɬɢɮɥɨɪɟɚɛɢɥɢ- |
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ɬɨɥɨɝɚ |
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3.ɋɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ |
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ɰɟɧɬɪɨɜ |
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ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɨ |
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ɆɈȾȿɅɖ ɄɈɆɉɅȿɄɋɇɈɃ ɊȿȺȻɂɅɂɌȺɐɂɂ ɂɇȼȺɅɂȾɈȼ ȼ ɊɈɋɋɂɃɋɄɈɃ ɎȿȾȿɊȺɐɂɂ
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ɣ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɢ |
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ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ ɩɨ |
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ɡɪɟɧɢɸ ɩɪɢ |
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ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ |
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ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹɯ |
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ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ |
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4. ɉɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɚ |
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ɦɟɫɬɧɵɦɢ |
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ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ |
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ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ |
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ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ. |
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ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɳɢɯ |
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ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɨɧɧ |
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ɵɟ ɭɫɥɭɝɢ |
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Ɉɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɢɥɢ |
Ɉɱɟɧɶ ɦɚɥɨ ɜɭɡɨɜ, |
Ɉɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɬɶ |
1. Ɉɬɤɪɵɬɢɟ |
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ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɤ |
ɝɨɬɨɜɹɳɢɯ |
ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɭ |
ɬɢɮɥɨɨɬɞɟɥɟɧɢɣ |
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ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɨɜ ɜ |
ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɨɜ ɜ |
ɤɚɞɪɨɜ ɞɥɹ |
ɧɚ |
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ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ |
ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ |
ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɜ |
ɞɟɮɟɤɬɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫ |
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ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ |
ɬɢɮɥɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɢ |
ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ |
ɤɢɯ ɮɚɤɭɥɶɬɟɬɚɯ |
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ɜɡɪɨɫɥɵɯ |
ɜɨɨɛɳɟ ɧɟɬ |
(ɪɟ)ɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ |
2. ȼ ȼɍɁɚɯ, |
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ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ ɩɨ |
ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ |
ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ ɩɨ |
ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɝɨɬɨɜɹɬ |
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ɡɪɟɧɢɸ |
ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɨɜ ɩɨ |
ɡɪɟɧɢɸ |
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ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɨɜ ɜ |
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ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɨɣ |
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ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ |
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ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ |
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ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ |
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ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ |
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ɪɚɛɨɬɵ, |
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ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ ɩɨ |
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ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɬɶ |
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ɡɪɟɧɢɸ |
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ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɭ |
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ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɨɜ ɜ |
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ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ |
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ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ |
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ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ (ɜ |
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ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɢ |
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ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ |
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ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ ɩɨ |
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ɡɪɟɧɢɸ) |
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3. Ɉɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ |
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ɤɭɪɫɨɜ |
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ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧ |
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ɆɈȾȿɅɖ ɄɈɆɉɅȿɄɋɇɈɃ ɊȿȺȻɂɅɂɌȺɐɂɂ ɂɇȼȺɅɂȾɈȼ ȼ ɊɈɋɋɂɃɋɄɈɃ ɎȿȾȿɊȺɐɂɂ
ɨɣ
ɩɟɪɟɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ
ɪɚɛɨɬɧɢɤɨɜ
ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ, ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɵ ɫ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɤɚɞɪɨɜ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ (ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɢ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ ɩɨ ɡɪɟɧɢɸ)
4.Ɉɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɱɬɟɧɢɟ ɤɭɪɫɚ «Ɉɫɧɨɜɵ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ» ɧɚ ɜɫɟɯ ɞɟɮɟɤɬɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫ ɤɢɯ ɮɚɤɭɥɶɬɟɬɚɯ
ɋɨɤɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ:
ɂɉɊ - ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ Ɇɋɗ – ɦɟɞɢɤɨ-ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɬɢɡɚ ɈȼɁ – ɨɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ ɐɋɈ – ɰɟɧɬɪ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ
ɇɚ ɧɚɲ ɜɡɝɥɹɞ, ɭɫɩɟɲɧɭɸ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɸ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɚ ɩɨ ɡɪɟɧɢɸ ɜɫɺ ɠɟ ɰɟɥɟɫɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨ ɩɨɞɬɜɟɪɠɞɚɬɶ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɨɦ (ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɤɚɤ ɛɵɥɨ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɨ ɜɵɲɟ — ɫɟɪɬɢɮɢɤɚɬɨɦ). ɉɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɧɬɨɦ ɫɟɪɬɢɮɢɤɚɬɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɞɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɢɟɦ ɟɝɨ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɤ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɚɞɚɩɬɚɰɢɢ. Ɍɚɤ, ɫɟɪɬɢɮɢɤɚɬ ɨ ɩɪɨɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɢ II-ɨɣ ɫɬɭɩɟɧɢ ɩɹɬɢɫɬɭɩɟɧɱɚɬɨɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ-ɛɵɬɨɜɨɣ ɚɞɚɩɬɚɰɢɢ ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɨ ɬɨɦ, ɱɬɨ ɧɟɡɪɹɱɢɣ ɭɦɟɟɬ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɦɢ ɢ ɧɟ ɫɨɡɞɚɫɬ ɩɨɠɚɪɨɨɩɚɫɧɨɣ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢ ɧɚ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɦ ɦɟɫɬɟ. Ⱦɚɧɧɵɣ ɫɟɪɬɢɮɢɤɚɬ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧ
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ɆɈȾȿɅɖ ɄɈɆɉɅȿɄɋɇɈɃ ɊȿȺȻɂɅɂɌȺɐɂɂ ɂɇȼȺɅɂȾɈȼ ȼ ɊɈɋɋɂɃɋɄɈɃ ɎȿȾȿɊȺɐɂɂ
ɩɪɢ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɦ ɧɚɣɦɟ ɠɢɥɶɹ, ɚ ɬɚɤ ɠɟ ɩɪɢ ɡɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɢ ɜ ɝɨɫɬɢɧɢɰɭ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɩɨɟɡɞɨɤ ɢ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɢɪɨɜɨɤ.
ɉɪɢ ɲɢɪɨɤɨɦ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɢ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ ɫɟɪɬɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɛɵɬɨɜɨɣ ɤɨɦɩɟɬɟɧɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ ɩɨ ɡɪɟɧɢɸ ɧɚ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ ɊɎ, ɞɚɧɧɵɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬ, ɜɵɞɚɜɚɟɦɵɣ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɦɢ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ, ɢɥɢ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɭɱɟɛɧɵɦɢ ɡɚɜɟɞɟɧɢɹɦɢ, ɫɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɬɚɬɶ ɩɟɪɜɵɦ ɲɚɝɨɦ ɤ ɧɚɱɚɥɭ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ ɩɨ ɡɪɟɧɢɸ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɭɱɚɫɬɧɢɤɨɜ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɨɝɨ ɪɵɧɤɚ ɬɪɭɞɚ.
ȿɳɟ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɣ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɨɣ ɜ ɞɟɥɟ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ ɩɨ ɡɪɟɧɢɸ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ, ɝɨɬɨɜɹɳɟɝɨ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪɨɜ ɩɨ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɤɟ ɜ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɟ ɢ ɦɨɛɢɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɟɡɪɹɱɢɯ. ȼɦɟɫɬɟ ɫ ɬɟɦ, ɧɟɥɶɡɹ ɧɟ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɬɶ, ɱɬɨ ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɩɟɪɟɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɢ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɞɧɢɦ ɢɡ ɜɚɠɧɟɣɲɢɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɚɞɚɩɬɚɰɢɢ ɧɟɡɪɹɱɢɯ. ȿɫɥɢ ɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɶɫɹ ɤ ɡɚɪɭɛɟɠɧɨɦɭ ɨɩɵɬɭ, ɬɨ ɢ ɜ ɫɬɪɚɧɚɯ ȿɜɪɨɩɵ, ɢ ɜ ɋɒȺ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɰɟɧɬɪɵ ɤɚɤ ɩɨ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɟ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɨɜ ɩɨ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɢ ɦɨɛɢɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ, ɬɚɤ ɢ ɰɟɧɬɪɵ, ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɨɛɭɱɚɸɬ ɜɡɪɨɫɥɵɯ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ ɩɨ ɡɪɟɧɢɸ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɤɟ ɜ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɟ ɢ ɦɨɛɢɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ.
ɋɩɪɚɜɟɞɥɢɜɨɫɬɢ ɪɚɞɢ, ɧɚɞɨ ɫɤɚɡɚɬɶ, ɱɬɨ ɩɪɢ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɣ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɟ ɋɒȺ ɜ ɇɨɜɨɫɢɛɢɪɫɤɟ ɬɪɢ ɝɨɞɚ ɜɟɥɚɫɶ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɚ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪɨɜ ɩɨ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɢ ɦɨɛɢɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ. Ȼɵɥɨ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɨ ɧɚ ɜɫɸ ɫɬɪɚɧɭ 12 ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɨɜ, ɱɬɨ ɧɢɱɬɨɠɧɨ ɦɚɥɨ ɞɥɹ ɭɞɨɜɥɟɬɜɨɪɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɢ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɧɟɡɪɹɱɢɯ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ. ɗɬɨɬ ɩɪɨɟɤɬ ɧɟ ɛɵɥ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɚɧ ɧɚ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ, ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɚ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪɨɜ ɜ ɇɨɜɨɫɢɛɢɪɫɤɟ ɩɪɟɤɪɚɬɢɥɚɫɶ.
Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɦ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɹ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪɨɜ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɯɪɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɧɟɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɞɟɬɫɤɢɯ ɫɚɞɨɜ, ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɲɤɨɥ ɞɥɹ ɫɥɟɩɵɯ ɢ ɫɥɚɛɨɜɢɞɹɳɢɯ, ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɰɟɧɬɪɨɜ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɚɦɢ ɩɨ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɢ ɦɨɛɢɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ. Ȼɨɥɟɟ ɬɨɝɨ, ɲɬɚɬɧɵɦ ɪɚɫɩɢɫɚɧɢɟɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣ ɧɟ ɨɝɨɜɚɪɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɭɱɚɳɢɯɫɹ ɧɚ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪɚ. ȼ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ, ɟɫɥɢ ɜ ɉɨɥɶɲɟ ɧɚ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪɚ ɩɪɢɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɧɟ ɛɨɥɟɟ 10 ɭɱɟɧɢɤɨɜ, ɬɨ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɧɚ ɜɫɸ ɲɤɨɥɭ ɜ 150-200 ɭɱɚɳɢɯɫɹ ɜ ɥɭɱɲɟɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɢɦɟɟɬɫɹ ɨɞɢɧ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝ ɩɨ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɸ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɢ ɦɨɛɢɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ. Ɍɚɤɚɹ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɹ ɧɟ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɭɥɭɱɲɚɬɶ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɧɟɡɪɹɱɢɯ.
Ɉɛɨɛɳɚɹ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɬɪɟɛɭɸɬ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɭɥɭɱɲɟɧɢɹ ɠɢɡɧɢ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ, ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɬɶ ɬɚɤɢɟ ɦɟɪɵ ɤɚɤ:
xɈɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɚɦ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɨɞɢɧɚɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɫɨ ɫɜɨɢɦɢ ɫɨɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɚɦɢ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɢ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɠɢɡɧɢ.
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ɆɈȾȿɅɖ ɄɈɆɉɅȿɄɋɇɈɃ ɊȿȺȻɂɅɂɌȺɐɂɂ ɂɇȼȺɅɂȾɈȼ ȼ ɊɈɋɋɂɃɋɄɈɃ ɎȿȾȿɊȺɐɂɂ
x Ɉɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɜɧɨɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɨɫɬɢ ɦɟɪ ɜ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɢ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ ɧɚ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ, ɫɨɨɬɧɨɫɢɦɨɦ ɫ ɟɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɢɦ, ɧɚ ɜɫɟɣ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ ɫɬɪɚɧɵ, ɞɥɹ ɱɟɝɨ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨ-ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣ ɛɚɡɵ. ȼ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ, ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ.
xɊɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɭ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɵɯ ɢ ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɨɜ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɚɜ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ.
xɊɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɚ ɤ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ, ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɳɢɣ ɥɢɤɜɢɞɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɦɟɠɜɟɞɨɦɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɛɚɪɶɟɪɵ.
xɉɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɟ ɚɞɪɟɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɦɢ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɩɭɬɟɦ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ ɜ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɵɯ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɯ.
xɊɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɞɥɹ ɥɸɞɟɣ ɫ ɦɧɨɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɂɉɊ ɫ ɭɱɟɬɨɦ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɢɯ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɟɣ, ɜɵɡɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɫɨɱɟɬɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɩɚɬɨɥɨɝɢɹɦɢ, ɩɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ɬɚɤɚɹ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɹ, ɤɚɤ ɫɥɟɩɨɝɥɭɯɢɟ ɧɟɞɨɩɨɥɭɱɚɟɬ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɞɥɹ ɤɨɦɩɟɧɫɚɰɢɢ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɫɥɭɯɚ. ɂ, ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ, ɢɯ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɵ ɧɟ ɨɬɪɚɠɟɧɵ ɜ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚɯ.
xɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɚ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɫɟɦɟɣ, ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɩɨɹɜɢɥɫɹ ɫɥɟɩɨɣ ɪɟɛɟɧɨɤ ɨ ɤɪɢɬɟɪɢɹɯ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɫɥɟɩɨɝɨ ɪɟɛɟɧɤɚ, ɨɫɨɛɵɯ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɚɯ ɟɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɢ ɜɨɫɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ, ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɤɚɯ, ɢɝɪɭɲɤɚɯ ɢ ɭɱɟɛɧɵɯ ɩɨɫɨɛɢɹɯ, ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɜ ɦɢɪɟ ɢ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ.
xɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɤɚɪɞɢɧɚɥɶɧɨ ɢɡɦɟɧɢɬɶ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɭ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɨɜ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ ɩɨ ɡɪɟɧɢɸ.
xȼɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ ɢɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɭɱɟɛɧɢɤɨɜ ɞɥɹ ɲɤɨɥ ɫɥɚɛɨɜɢɞɹɳɢɯ ɫ ɭɤɪɭɩɧɟɧɧɵɦ ɲɪɢɮɬɨɦ ɢ ɚɞɚɩɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɢɥɥɸɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɦ, ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɥɨɫɶ ɜ ɞɨɩɟɪɟɫɬɪɨɟɱɧɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ.
xɈɫɧɚɫɬɢɬɶ ɮɢɡɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɵɟ ɡɚɥɵ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ (ɤɨɪɪɟɤɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ) ɨɛɳɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɲɤɨɥ ɬɢɮɥɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɦɢ (ɡɜɭɱɚɳɢɟ ɦɹɱɢ, ɷɯɨɥɨɤɚɬɨɪɵ, ɬɪɟɧɚɠɟɪɵ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɬ.ɩ.), ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦɢ ɩɪɟɨɞɨɥɟɧɢɸ ɝɢɩɨɞɢɧɚɦɢɢ ɭ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɫ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɟɦ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɦ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɥɧɨɰɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɞɟɬɟɣ-ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ ɩɨ ɡɪɟɧɢɸ.
xɋɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɜ ɲɤɨɥɚɯ-ɢɧɬɟɪɧɚɬɚɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ, ɩɪɢɛɥɢɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɤ ɫɟɦɟɣɧɵɦ: ɦɚɥɵɟ ɜɨɫɩɢɬɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ, ɫɩɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɤɨɦɧɚɬɵ ɜ ɢɧɬɟɪɧɚɬɟ ɢɡ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɧɚ 1-2 ɢ 3 ɭɱɚɳɢɯɫɹ ɜ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɤɨɦɧɚɬɟ ɢ ɬ.ɩ.
xɋɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɜ ɲɤɨɥɚɯ-ɢɧɬɟɪɧɚɬɚɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ, ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɳɢɯ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɫɚɦɨɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɢ
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(ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɤɨɦɧɚɬɵ ɞɨɦɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ, ɫɬɢɪɤɢ, ɱɢɫɬɤɢ ɨɞɟɠɞɵ, ɨɛɭɜɢ).
xɋɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɧɨɜɨɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɲɤɨɥɵ-ɢɧɬɟɪɧɚɬɚ ɫ ɦɢɤɪɨ- ɢ ɦɚɤɪɨɫɨɰɢɭɦɨɦ ɞɥɹ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɩɨɥɧɨɝɨ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɥɟɩɵɯ ɢ ɫɥɚɛɨɜɢɞɹɳɢɯ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɜ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɨ.
xɋɨɡɞɚɬɶ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɤɨɧɫɭɥɶɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɰɟɧɬɪɵ, ɬɟɥɟɮɨɧɵ ɞɨɜɟɪɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɦɨɥɨɞɵɯ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ.
xɊɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɧɟɩɪɟɪɵɜɧɵɣ ɩɨɞɯɨɞ ɤ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ, ɜɤɥɸɱɚɸɳɢɣ ɩɪɨɮɨɪɢɟɧɬɚɰɢɸ, ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɭ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɚɦɨɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ, ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɟ (ɩɟɪɟɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɟ), ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɟ ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ, ɫɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɜ ɬɪɭɞɨɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɟ, ɤɜɨɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɯ ɦɟɫɬ ɞɥɹ ɬɪɭɞɚ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ, ɢɯ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨ - ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɭɸ ɚɞɚɩɬɚɰɢɸ.
xȼ ȼɍɁɚɯ ɢ ɋɋɍɁɚɯ ɫɨɡɞɚɜɚɬɶ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ, ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɳɢɟ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɚɦ ɩɨ ɡɪɟɧɢɸ (ɤɚɤ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɦ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɹɦ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ) ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɭ ɜ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɚɯ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɚɞɚɩɬɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ.
xɊɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ ɩɨ ɡɪɟɧɢɸ, ɢɦɟɸɳɢɯ ɫɥɨɠɧɭɸ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɭ ɞɟɮɟɤɬɚ (ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɟ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɚ).
xɊɚɡɜɢɜɚɬɶ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ, ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɩɟɪɟɞɨɜɵɯ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɣ.
xɊɟɝɭɥɹɪɧɨ ɢɡɭɱɚɬɶ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦ, ɩɪɨɝɧɨɡɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɢɯ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɬɶ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɵ ɢɯ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ (ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ, ɫɨɡɞɚɬɶ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɛɚɧɤ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ).
xɋɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɩɟɪɟɱɟɧɶ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ, ɜɵɞɚɜɚɟɦɵɯ Ɏɨɧɞɨɦ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɊɎ ɛɟɫɩɥɚɬɧɨ.
xɈɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ «ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɤɥɚɦɵ» ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ ɜ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟ ɞɥɹ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɡɢɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ ɤ ɥɢɰɚɦ ɫ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɹɦɢ (ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɤ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɚɦ ɩɨ ɡɪɟɧɢɸ).
Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɜ ɨɬɟɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɬɢɮɥɨɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɚ ɛɚɡɚ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ ɩɨ ɡɪɟɧɢɸ. Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ, ɞɥɹ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ, ɨɯɜɚɬɚ ɷɬɢɦɢ ɭɫɥɭɝɚɦɢ ɜɫɟɯ ɧɭɠɞɚɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ ɩɨ ɡɪɟɧɢɸ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɨɢɬ ɫɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɟɳɺ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɦɧɨɝɨ. ȼɦɟɫɬɟ ɫ ɬɟɦ, ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ, ɱɬɨ ɜ ɷɬɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɛɨɥɶɲɭɸ ɩɨɦɨɳɶ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɨɩɵɬ ɢ ɩɨɦɨɳɶ ɫɬɪɚɧ Ɂɚɩɚɞɧɨɣ ȿɜɪɨɩɵ (Ƚɨɥɥɚɧɞɢɢ, Ƚɟɪɦɚɧɢɢ, ɒɜɟɰɢɢ ɢ ɞɪ.). ɉɟɪɟɧɨɫ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɨɩɵɬɚ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɸ ɞɚɠɟ ɫ ɭɱɟɬɨɦ ɤɨɪɪɟɤɰɢɢ ɧɚ ɦɟɫɬɧɵɟ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɨɜ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɢɬ ɭɫɤɨɪɢɬɶ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɞɥɹ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ ɢ ɢɯ ɢɧɬɟɝɪɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɨɟ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɨ.
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ɆɈȾȿɅɖ ɄɈɆɉɅȿɄɋɇɈɃ ɊȿȺȻɂɅɂɌȺɐɂɂ ɂɇȼȺɅɂȾɈȼ ȼ ɊɈɋɋɂɃɋɄɈɃ ɎȿȾȿɊȺɐɂɂ
ȼ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɢ ɟɳɟ ɪɚɡ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɦ, ɱɬɨ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɚɹ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɹ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ ɩɨ ɡɪɟɧɢɸ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɪɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɢ ɩɪɨɩɚɝɚɧɞɵ ɫɪɟɞɢ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɜɢɞɹɳɢɯ ɥɸɞɟɣ ɬɢɮɥɨɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɬɢɮɥɨɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɡɧɚɧɢɣ, ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɣ ɧɟɡɪɹɱɢɯ ɜ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɹɯ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ. Ȼɟɡ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ ɤ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɚɦ ɫɨ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɧɟɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ, ɛɟɡ ɜɨɫɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɭ ɧɢɯ ɱɭɬɤɨɝɨ, ɬɚɤɬɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ ɤ ɧɟɡɪɹɱɢɦ ɩɨɥɧɨɝɨ ɭɫɩɟɯɚ ɜ ɷɬɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɧɟ ɛɭɞɟɬ.
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ɆɈȾȿɅɖ ɄɈɆɉɅȿɄɋɇɈɃ ɊȿȺȻɂɅɂɌȺɐɂɂ ɂɇȼȺɅɂȾɈȼ ȼ ɊɈɋɋɂɃɋɄɈɃ ɎȿȾȿɊȺɐɂɂ
Ƚɥɚɜɚ 4. ɆɈȾȿɅɖɄɈɆɉɅȿɄɋɇɈɃ ɊȿȺȻɂɅɂɌȺɐɂɂ ɂɇȼȺɅɂȾɈȼ ɋ ɇȺɊɍɒȿɇɂȿɆ ɋɅɍɏȺ
4.1. ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɰɟɥɟɜɵɯ ɝɪɭɩɩ
ɐɟɥɟɜɵɦɢ ɝɪɭɩɩɚɦɢ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɞɟɬɢ-ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɵ (0-17 ɥɟɬ) ɢ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɵ-ɜɡɪɨɫɥɵɟ (18-35 ɥɟɬ) ɫ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɟɦ ɫɥɭɯɚ.
ɋɥɭɯɨɜɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɚ ɧɚɪɭɠɧɵɦ, ɫɪɟɞɧɢɦ ɢ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɦ ɭɯɨɦ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚɦɢ ɫɥɭɯɨɜɵɯ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɹɳɢɯ ɩɭɬɟɣ ɢ ɫɥɭɯɨɜɨɣ ɤɨɪɨɣ.
ɇɚɪɭɠɧɨɟ ɭɯɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɢɬ ɢɡ ɧɚɪɭɠɧɨɝɨ ɫɥɭɯɨɜɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɯɨɞɚ ɢ ɭɲɧɨɣ ɪɚɤɨɜɢɧɵ. Ʉ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɦ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹɦ ɧɚɪɭɠɧɨɝɨ ɭɯɚ ɨɬɧɨɫɹɬɫɹ:
1.Ɂɚɳɢɬɧɚɹ.
2.ɍɫɢɥɟɧɢɟ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɱɚɫɬɨɬɧɵɯ ɡɜɭɤɨɜ.
3.Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɚ ɡɜɭɤɚ ɜ ɜɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɢ.
4.Ʌɨɤɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɚ ɡɜɭɤɚ.
ɋɪɟɞɧɟɟ ɭɯɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɢɬ ɢɡ ɛɚɪɚɛɚɧɧɨɣ ɩɨɥɨɫɬɢ, ɤɥɟɬɨɤ ɫɨɫɰɟɜɢɞɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɪɨɫɬɤɚ, ɛɚɪɚɛɚɧɧɨɣ ɩɟɪɟɩɨɧɤɢ, ɫɥɭɯɨɜɵɯ ɤɨɫɬɨɱɟɤ (ɦɨɥɨɬɨɱɤɚ, ɧɚɤɨɜɚɥɶɧɢ ɢ ɫɬɪɟɦɟɧɢ), ɦɵɲɰ ɢ ɫɜɹɡɨɤ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɝɨ ɭɯɚ, ɫɥɭɯɨɜɨɣ ɬɪɭɛɵ.
Ɂɜɭɤɨɜɚɹ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɹ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɬ ɛɚɪɚɛɚɧɧɨɣ ɩɟɪɟɩɨɧɤɢ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɰɟɩɶ ɫɥɭɯɨɜɵɯ ɤɨɫɬɨɱɟɤ (ɩɨɞɧɨɠɧɭɸ ɩɥɚɫɬɢɧɤɭ ɫɬɪɟɦɟɧɢ) ɤ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɦɭ ɭɯɭ. Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɟɫɥɢ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɶ, ɱɬɨ ɡɜɭɤ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɜɨɡɞɭɯ ɤ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɹɦ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɝɨ ɭɯɚ, ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɩɨɦɧɢɬɶ ɨ ɛɨɥɶɲɟɣ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɟ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɟɣ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɝɨ ɭɯɚ, ɩɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ ɫ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɨɦ. Ʉɚɤɨɜɨ ɠɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɫɬɨɱɟɤ? ȿɫɥɢ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɶ ɫɟɛɟ ɞɜɭɯ ɥɸɞɟɣ, ɩɵɬɚɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɨɛɳɚɬɶɫɹ, ɤɨɝɞɚ ɨɞɢɧ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɜɨɞɟ, ɚ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɧɚ ɛɟɪɟɝɭ, ɬɨ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɜ ɜɢɞɭ, ɱɬɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ 99,9% ɡɜɭɤɨɜɨɣ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ ɛɭɞɭɬ ɩɨɬɟɪɹɧɵ. ɗɬɨ ɨɡɧɚɱɚɟɬ, ɱɬɨ ɨɤɨɥɨ 99,9% ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ ɛɭɞɭɬ ɨɬɪɚɠɟɧɵ ɢ ɥɢɲɶ 0,1% ɡɜɭɤɨɜɨɣ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ ɞɨɫɬɢɝɧɟɬ ɠɢɞɤɨɣ ɫɪɟɞɵ. Ɉɬɦɟɱɟɧɧɚɹ ɩɨɬɟɪɹ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɸ ɡɜɭɤɨɜɨɣ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ ɩɪɢɛɥɢɡɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɧɚ 30 ɞȻ ɢ ɤɨɦɩɟɧɫɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɪɚɡɧɢɰɵ ɜ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɹɯ ɛɚɪɚɛɚɧɧɨɣ ɩɟɪɟɩɨɧɤɢ ɢ ɩɨɞɧɨɠɧɨɣ ɩɥɚɫɬɢɧɤɢ ɫɬɪɟɦɟɧɢ, ɪɵɱɚɠɧɨɝɨ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɚ ɰɟɩɢ ɫɥɭɯɨɜɵɯ ɤɨɫɬɨɱɟɤ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɤɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɵ ɛɚɪɚɛɚɧɧɨɣ ɩɟɪɟɩɨɧɤɢ.
ȼɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɟ ɭɯɨ ɦɥɟɤɨɩɢɬɚɸɳɢɯ ɫɨɫɬɨɢɬ ɢɡ ɪɹɞɚ ɦɟɦɛɪɚɧɨɡɧɵɯ ɦɟɲɤɨɜ ɢ ɩɪɨɬɨɤɨɜ (ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɸɳɢɯ ɦɟɦɛɪɚɧɨɡɧɵɣ ɥɚɛɢɪɢɧɬ), ɡɚɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɤɨɫɬɧɭɸ ɤɚɩɫɭɥɭ (ɤɨɫɬɧɵɣ ɥɚɛɢɪɢɧɬ), ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɭɸ, ɜ ɫɜɨɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ, ɜ ɬɜɟɪɞɨɣ ɜɢɫɨɱɧɨɣ ɤɨɫɬɢ. Ʉɨɫɬɧɵɣ ɥɚɛɢɪɢɧɬ ɩɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɬɪɢ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɱɚɫɬɢ: ɩɨɥɭɤɪɭɠɧɵɟ ɤɚɧɚɥɵ, ɩɪɟɞɞɜɟɪɢɟ ɢ ɭɥɢɬɤɭ. ȼ ɞɜɭɯ ɩɟɪɜɵɯ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɯ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɚ ɩɟɪɢɮɟɪɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɜɟɫɬɢɛɭɥɹɪɧɨɝɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚɬɨɪɚ, ɜ ɭɥɢɬɤɟ ɠɟ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧ ɩɟɪɢɮɟɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɨɬɞɟɥ ɫɥɭɯɨɜɨɝɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚɬɨɪɚ. ɍɥɢɬɤɚ ɭ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɢɦɟɟɬ 2¾ ɡɚɜɢɬɤɚ. ɋɚɦɵɣ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɣ ɡɚɜɢɬɨɤ
– ɷɬɨ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɣ ɡɚɜɢɬɨɤ, ɫɚɦɵɣ ɦɚɥɟɧɶɤɢɣ – ɜɟɪɯɭɲɟɱɧɵɣ ɡɚɜɢɬɨɤ. Ʉ
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