- •Unit 1 computer users
- •Using Computers
- •Vocabulary Bank Unit 1
- •Text 1a. Computerusers
- •Table a Table b
- •The digital age
- •Text 1b. Computers make the world smaller and smarter
- •Grammar review present forms
- •Verbs usually not used in any of the progressive tenses
- •Grammar Exercises
- •The Present Perfect and Present Perfect Continuous
- •Writing
- •Unit 2 computer architecture
- •Vocabulary Bank Unit 2
- •Text 2a. Computer architecture
- •Text 2b. Cache memory
- •How a disk cache works
- •Grammar review. Past forms
- •The present perfect and past simple
- •I have done I did
- •The present perfect continuous and present perfect
- •I have been doing I have done
- •Grammar Exercises
- •Speaking/writing
- •Unit 3 peripherals
- •Vocabulary Bank Unit 3
- •Text a. Peripherals
- •Post-reading activity
- •Specialist reading
- •Text b. Types of Printers
- •Grammar review future forms
- •It is interesting to know:
- •Grammar Exercises
- •Exercise 10. Put the verbs in brackets into the Future Perfect or the Futures Simple.
- •Exercise 11. Put the verbs in brackets into the Future Continuous or the Future Perfect.
- •Writing
- •Text 4a. Personalcomputers
- •Specialist reading
- •Text 4b.Data mining
- •Grammar review. The passive voice
- •Table of passive voice
- •Active and passive voice (compare) Active Voice
- •Passive Voice
- •Grammar Exercises
- •The Prepositions
- •Grammar Exercises prepositions
- •Prepositions of location:
- •In used to show location or destination in an area:
- •Intended goal/target
- •In is used for
- •Other common prepositions with multiple meaning
- •Writing/speaking Think about advantages and disadvantages of using a desktop computer, a laptop and a palm computer. Compare them.
Grammar review. The passive voice
Compare two sentences: We write dictations every week (Active Voice). Dictations are written every week. (Passive Voice).
Passive Voice is used to show what’s happening with a human being or thing; Active Voice – what a human being or thing is doing.
e.g. 1. Captain Cook discovered Australia in 1770.
subject predicate object
Australia was discovered by Captain Cook in 1770.
2. The teacher asks me every lesson.
subject predicate object
I am asked every lesson by the teacher.
Passive Voice is formed by means of the auxiliary verb ‘to be’ & Past Participle of the notional verb: to be + V3
We use the preposition ‘by’ to show who performs the action & the preposition ‘with’ to show the way it is performed.
e.g. Australia was discovered by Captain Cook.
The letter was written with a pen.
Table of passive voice
|
Simple проста, звичайна, регулярна дія |
Continuous дія відбувається у певний момент |
Perfect завершена дія |
Perfect Continuous дія продовжується вже певний час |
Present теперішній |
am is + V3 are |
am is being + V3 are |
have been + V3 has |
___ |
Past минулий |
was + V3 were |
was being + V3 were |
had been + V3 |
___ |
Future майбутній |
will be + V3 |
___ |
will have been + V3 |
___ |
1. I like to be invited to the parties. |
7. The environment has already been damaged. |
2 The environment is damaged by the people. |
8. The school had been built by the 1-st of September. |
3. The school was built last month. |
9. The book will have been read by tomorrow. |
4. The meeting will be held tonight. |
10. The cathedral can be seen from anywhere in the city. |
5. I am being asked at the moment. |
11. The poem must be learnt by all means. |
6. The film was being shown yesterday at 10. |
12. The rules of behaviour should be observed. |
Active and passive voice (compare) Active Voice
|
Present |
Past |
Future |
Simple (always, usually)
FACT
|
+ S+V0 s(es)+… - S+don’t (doesn’t)+V0+… ? Do (does)+S+V0+…? always, usually, often, seldom, as a rule, regularly, every day |
+ S+VII(ed)+… - S+didn’t+V0+… ? Did+S+V0+…? Yesterday, … ago, last (week, month, year), in 1990, the day before yesterday |
+ S+will+V0+… - S+won’t+V0+… ? Will+S+V0+…? Next…, tomorrow, soon, in 3 days, the day after tomorrow |
Continuous (from 3 till 5, still, the whole day) to+be+Ving
PROCCESS |
+ S+am, is, are+Ving - S+ am, is, are not+Ving ? Am, is, are+S+Ving now, at the moment, listen, look, still, at present |
+ S+was(were)+Ving - S+ was(were) not+Ving ? Was(were)+S+Ving At 5 o’clock yesterday, from 3 till 5 yesterday, when … came, while, whole evening
|
+ S+will+be+Ving - S+won’t+be+Ving ? Will+S+be+Ving At 5 o’clock tomorrow, from 5 till 6 tomorrow, whole.
|
Perfect (by) to have+VIII(ed)
RESULT
|
+ S+have(has)+VIII(ed) - S+haven’t(hasn’t)+VIII(ed) ? Have(has)+S+VIII(ed) Already, ever, never, just, today, since, for, recently, yet, lately, so far, not yet, this (week, month, year) |
+ S+had+VIII(ed) - S+had not+ VIII(ed) ? Had+S+ VIII(ed)? by, інша дія в минулому |
+ S+will+have+VIII(ed) - S+won’t+have+VIII(ed) ? Will+S+VIII(ed) by, інша дія в майбутньому, by 5 o’clock tomorrow, when he comes |
Perfect cont. To have+been+Ving
|
+ S+have(has)+been+Ving - S+ have(has) not+been+Ving ? Have(has)+S+been+Ving…? Since, when, for, how long
|
+ S+had been+Ving - S+had not been+Ving ? Had+S+been+Ving? How long, since, when
|
+ S+will+have+been+ Ving - S+won’t+have+been+Ving ? Will+S+have+been+Ving For, since, how long, since when |