- •Утверждено и рекомендовано решением
- •В качестве учебного пособия
- •Chapter I law Unit 1 Introduction to Law
- •Introduction to Law
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •The Aims of Law
- •In trouble with the law law-abiding my word is law
- •Unit 2 What Law Is
- •What Is Law?
- •Social Morality, Rules and Laws
- •Vocabulary
- •Chapter II sources of law Unit 3 Sources of English Law
- •Sources of English Law
- •The Principal Sources
- •Legislation
- •Judicial precedent
- •The Subsidiary Sources
- •Customs
- •Books of authority
- •Vocabulary
- •Unit 4 Sources of Modern Law
- •Text a Historical and Political Background
- •Text b Common Law Systems
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •Text d Sources of American Law
- •Vocabulary
- •Text e Continental Systems
- •For You to Remember
- •Vocabulary
- •Chapter III constitutions Unit 5 The History of Constitution
- •Vocabulary
- •Unit 6 British Constitution
- •The Nature of the Constitution
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •Unit 7 us Constitution
- •Founding of the United States
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •Unit 8 The Constitution of the Russian Federation
- •The New Russian Constitution
- •Amendments to the Constitution
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •Chapter IV the system of government Unit 9 The British Government of Today
- •Text a The Governmental Model
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •Text b The British Parliament
- •Vocabulary
- •The System of Government
- •Stages of a Government Bill
- •The House of Commons
- •The House of Lords
- •Making New Law
- •Text d The Prime Minister and the Cabinet
- •Vocabulary
- •Unit 10 The American Government of Today
- •System of Government in the United States
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •Unit 11 The System of Checks and Balances
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •Checks and Balances
- •Unit 12 Law-making Process in the usa
- •Text a The Concept of Bicameral Legislature
- •Vocabulary
- •Federalism
- •State and Local Government
- •Three Branches of Government
- •Unit 13 The State System of Russia. The Parliament of the Russian Federation
- •Text a The State System of Russia
- •Vocabulary
- •Text b The Parliament of the Russian Federation
- •Vocabulary
- •Chapter V law enforcement Unit 14 Law Enforcement Bodies
- •Text a Role of Government
- •Text b Role of Police Force
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •Unit 15 Enforcing the Law in Britain
- •Text a The English Legal System
- •Vocabulary
- •Text b The British Police
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •Identify showing murder investigation found dead
- •Unit 16 Law Enforcement in the usa
- •Text a Protecting the Rights of the Accused
- •Text b Police Technology in the usa
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •Federal Bureau of Investigation
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •Unit 17 Law Enforcement in the Russian Federation
- •Text a Law Enforcement of Today
- •Vocabulary
- •Text b Application of Law Enforcement
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •Chapter VI the courts Unit 18 The Court System of the uk
- •Text a Judicial Institutions
- •Text b Classification of the English Courts
- •Text c The Hierarchy of the Courts
- •Restrictions
- •Vocabulary
- •It is useful to know
- •For you to know
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •Text d Courts of England and Wales
- •Judicial organization
- •Unit 19 The u.S. Court System
- •Text a Understanding the u.S. Court System
- •State Courts
- •A Typical State Judicial System
- •Federal Courts
- •Text b Jurisdictions of the Federal and State Court Systems
- •The Federal Judicial System
- •9 Justices
- •12 Circuits
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •Text c The Miranda Warning
- •Vocabulary
- •Unit 20 The Court System of the Russian Federation
- •The Court Structure
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •Text b Jurisdiction of Courts
- •The Constitutional Court
- •Jurisdiction of the Courts of General Jurisdiction
- •The Supreme Court of the Russian Federation
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •Text c The Courts of the Subjects of the Russian Federation
- •Text d The Arbitrazh Court of the Russian Federation.
- •Jurisdiction of the Federal Arbitrazh Circuit Court as the Court of the First Instance
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •Opening remarks at Meeting with the Judges of the Russian Court
- •Contents
- •Legal English - 1
Vocabulary tasks
A Match the English words and expressions with their Russian equivalents.
1 law a суд
2 settle a dispute b обратиться в полицию
3 negotiations broke down c юрист
4 consult the police d несчастный случай
5 lawyer e юридически подразумеваемое положение
6 court f переговоры сорвались
7 accident g закон
8 legal implication h урегулировать спор
B Find in the text the English equivalents for the following words and expressions.
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консультация юриста
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международные компании
-
оспаривать решения
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суды, действующие по нормам статутного или общего права
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собственность
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законные средства
-
беженцы
C Complete the text with the words and phrases from the box.
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agreements conduct enforcement lawless promoting
legislature power personal safety property punishing
A law is a norm for 1) ______ . Law embodies the 2) _______ that a political society has made about how life in that community is to be lived. Law is a method for 3) _____ whatever values a community wishes to achieve – protection of 4) _______, assurance of 5) _______ , clean streets, equal treatment of all races, 6) _______ of contracts. In a 7) _______ community, persons must protect their own lives and property. But law takes over the task of protection by forbidding acts that are socially disapproved, and 8) _______ those acts when they are committed. The first and fundamental positive law of all communities is the establishing of the 9) _______ .
D Complete the following text by translating the words and expressions in brackets.
Use the correct form of the appropriate words and phrases from the box.
flourish sanction live securely libel enforce threaten murder forbid European Union income tax protect make wills international bodies impose restrictions enforce laws disobey the rules pay compensation broken settle disputes govern |
The Aims of Law
Law has several aims. They are all concerned with making society more stable and enabling people to (1 – процветать). The law forbids certain ways of behaving like (2 – убийство, 3 – письменная клевета), and requires others, like paying (4 – подоходный налог). If people (5 – не подчиняться правилам) the law threatens them with something unpleasant (often called a (6 – санкция)), like being punished or having to (7 – выплачивать компенсацию). The idea is that within this framework of do’s and dont’s people can (8 – жить в безопасности). If they are more secure they will treat one another better.
A second aim is the following. Laws guarantee to people who buy and sell goods, (9 – составлять завещания), form companies and so on that the state will if necessary (10 – обеспечивать соблюдение) these arrangements.
A third aim is to (11 – разрешать споры) about what the law is and whether it (12 – нарушен). Taking these three aims together, we see that law not only (13 – угрожать) those who do what it (14 – запрещать) but promises to (15 – защищать) people’s interests. It (16 – накладывать ограничения) on them but also gives them certain guarantees.
Lastly, a very important aim of law is to settle what the system of government is to be. Today and for the last few hundred years we have been mainly (17 – управлять) by sovereign states. That is changing. We are now increasingly governed, indirectly or directly, by (18 – международные организации), for example the (19 – Европейский Союз). But the state still occupies centre stage, especially when it comes to (20 – обеспечить соблюдение законов).
E Collocations
1 Look at the expressions in the box below.
Which means…
a suspected of having committed a crime?
b she doesn’t follow rules?
c we are all equal in the eyes of the law?
d take revenge without using the legal system?
e bossing people about?
f what I say must be respected?
g illegal?
h obeying and respecting the law?
i legally?