The World Wide Web

Many people use the terms Internet and World Wide Web (or just the Web) interchangeably, but the two terms are not synonymous.

The World Wide Web is a huge set of interlinked documents, images and other resources, linked by hyperlinks and URLs. These hyperlinks and URLs allow the web servers and other machines that store originals, and cached copies, of these resources to deliver them as required using HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol). HTTP is only one of the communication protocols used on the Internet.

Web services also use HTTP to allow software systems to communicate in order to share and exchange business logic and data.

Software products that can access the resources of the Web are correctly termed user agents. In normal use, web browsers, such as Internet Explorer and Firefox, access web pages and allow users to navigate from one to another via hyperlinks. Web documents may contain almost any combination of computer data including graphics, sounds, text, video, multimedia and interactive content including games, office applications and scientific demonstrations.

Through keyword-driven Internet research using search engines like Yahoo! and Google, millions of people worldwide have easy, instant access to a vast and diverse amount of online information. Compared to encyclopedias and traditional libraries, the World Wide Web has enabled a sudden and extreme decentralization of information and data.

Using the Web, it is also easier than ever before for individuals and organisations to publish ideas and information to an extremely large audience.

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Unit 10

Read the following article in 8-10 minutes without dictionary and speak about computer security. (Use the phrases from Appendix 4).

The Mobile Phone in 2010

2010 sounds like such a futuristic year but the truth of the matter is that this date is right around the corner. Are the handsets of this future era going to be really different from what they are today? Will the mobile phone industry have changed a lot in just the scant year-and-a-half it takes to reach this milestone year? Or will the wireless phones we see in 2010 be strikingly similar to the ones that are emerging on to the market today? While some people predict that phones will be projecting 3D holograms by 2010, others say that the industry is going to just look like a slightly more grown-up version of what it looks like right now.

The reason that 2010 is going to be a big year for open source handsets is because that is the year when the Symbian Foundation’s first open source handsets are due to be released.

2010 is the goal year that Korean handset maker LG has set for itself to gain an edge over the competition and to land in the “Top 3” of all global handset makers. Right now Motorola is in that number three spot but LG believes it will only take a couple of years to move ahead of Motorola. LG has seen significant growth due to recent high sales of touchscreen phones, something that should get an added boost with the upcoming release of the LG Renoir, the company’s first 8-megapixel touchscreen camera phone. (http://www.dialaphone.co.uk/)

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Unit 11

Translate the following text in writing in 45 minutes using the dictionary.

E-mail

Electronic mail, often abbreviated to e-mail, email, or originally eMail, is a store-and-forward method of writing, sending, receiving and saving messages over electronic communication systems. The term "e-mail" (as a noun or verb) applies to the Internet e-mail system based on the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol, to network systems based on other protocols and to various mainframe, minicomputer, or internet by a particular systems vendor, or on the same protocols used on public networks. E-mail is often used to deliver bulk unsolicited messages, or "spam", but filter programs exist which can automatically block, quarantine or delete some or most of these, depending on the situation.

E-mail art (sometimes called "Electronic Mail Art") is simply any kind of art sent by e-mail. It includes computer graphics, animations, screensavers, digital scans of artwork in other media, or even ASCII art. When exhibited, e-mail art can be either displayed on a computer screen or similar type of display device, or the art can be printed out and displayed.

There is an ongoing debate among some artists as to just what the relationship of e-mail art to mail art should be considered to be. In addition to questions about whether this is even a valid or meaningful genre of art, as clearly almost any kind of digital-based art can be e-mailed, thus making it into "e-mail art," has been particular criticism of e-mail art by tradition-minded mail artists when the e-mail art has been perceived to be akin to mass media.

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Unit 12

Read the following article in 8-10 minutes without dictionary and speak about computer security. (Use the phrases from Appendix 4).