- •Теплоэнергетика
- •Module I
- •Participial Constructions The Absolute Participial Construction
- •I. The Absolute Participle Construction with p I (non-prepositional)
- •II. The Prepositional Absolute Participle Construction with p I
- •III. The Absolute Participle Construction with p II (non-prepositional)
- •IV. The Prepositional Absolute Participle Construction with p II
- •Self-Training Exercises
- •Translate the sentences into Russian and explain the difference between p I and p II. Define the functions:
- •Translate into English using the p II:
- •3. Define the Participial Construction with p I after the determinate word. Note that Participles should be translated in the tense in which the predicate of the main clause is used:
- •Define the Participial Constructions with p I, translate the sentences:
- •Translate the sentences. Define the Participial Constructions with Perfect Participle:
- •Active Words and Expressions
- •Electrical Current Serves Us In a Thousand Ways
- •Translate the following sentences paying attention to the participle:
- •Form four sentences using the words given below:
- •Give short answers to the following questions:
- •Translate the following sentences:
- •Text 2 Energy Active Words and Expressions
- •Exercises
- •Find the participle in the text and define its function.
- •Translate the following sentences paying attention to the participle:
- •Compare a and b and define the function of the participle:
- •Translate the following sentences paying attention to the Absolute Participle Construction:
- •Give short answers to the following questions:
- •Module II The Gerund
- •Признаки герундия
- •Перевод герундия на русский язык
- •The Gerund can be used:
- •Text 1 Lightning Active Words and Expressions
- •Translate the following sentences, paying attention to the Gerund:
- •Complete the following sentences using the Gerund according to the model given below:
- •Find the Gerund in the text, define its function.
- •Put questions to the words in bold type:
- •Form verbs from the following nouns:
- •Translate the following sentences paying attention to the words in bold type:
- •Text 2 Active Words and Expressions
- •Atmospheric Electricity
- •Exercises Complete the following sentences using the Gerund
- •Translate the following sentences using the Gerund.
- •Find the Gerund in the text, define its function:
- •A) Fill in the blanks with suitable verbs, wherever necessary.
- •What questions are answered by the words in bold type in the following sentences?
- •Translate the following sentences paying attention to both, both…and:
- •Fill in the blanks with prepositions:
- •Translate into Russian:
- •Form five sentences combining suitable parts of the sentence given in columns I and II:
- •Describe Franklin’s kite experiment.
- •Give a short summary of the text. Module III
- •Infinitive
- •Формы инфинитива
- •Функции инфинитива в предложении
- •Text 1 From the History of Electricity
- •1. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the Infinitive:
- •2. Translate the following sentences paying special attention to the words in bold type:
- •3. Translate the following sentences paying special attention to the Infinitive:
- •4. Fill in the blanks with the words one or for:
- •9. Explain the meaning of the following compound words:
- •10. Retell Volta’s biography. Text 2 Electric Current
- •Vocabulary Notes
- •Exercises
- •1. Translate the following sentences and define the Infinitive constructions:
- •2. According to the models given below form sentences combining suitable parts of the sentence given in сolumns 1, 2, 3, 4.
- •3. Translate the following sentences using the Infinitive:
- •4. Make up questions and answer them. Work in pairs:
- •Explain why:
- •Define the meaning of the following words:
- •7. The following statements are not true to fact. Correct them:
- •8. Give headings to each paragraph of the text.
- •9. Put two questions to each paragraph of the text. Ask your partner to answer them.
- •10. Give an abstract of the text. Библиографический список
Exercises
The Subjective Infinitive Construction |
1. He is supposed to work at this plant. 2. She seems to know English well. |
The Objective Infinitive Construction |
1. We suppose him to work at this plant. 2. I saw the water boil. |
1. Translate the following sentences and define the Infinitive constructions:
1. Lightning was proved to be a discharge of electricity. 2. The reader is certain to know that alternating voltage can be increase and decreased. 3. Heat is known to be a form of energy. 4. We know the electrons to flow from the negative terminal of the battery to the positive one. 5. This scientist is said to have been working on the problem of splitting atoms. 6. I heard this instrument meet the industrial requirements. 7. The students saw the thermometer mercury fall to the fixed point. 8. Coal is considered to be a valuable fuel. 9. We know many articles to have already been written on that subject.
2. According to the models given below form sentences combining suitable parts of the sentence given in сolumns 1, 2, 3, 4.
Model A: The current is known to consist of moving electrons.
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
Professor Rihman
Amber
Lomonosov
Electrical effects
The Fahrenheit scale |
-was observed
-is known
-is said
-is known
-are known |
-to have started
-to have been observed -to have been killed -to attract and to hold -to be used |
-by man of 25 centuries ago, or so -for Moscow on foot
-minute, light objects after rubbing -in English-speaking countries -by a stroke of lightning |
Model B: We know lightning to be a discharge of electricity.
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
We know |
-Galileo -the charges -the electric current -alternating current
-the Russian scientists -static electricity |
-to be -to have invented -to flow -to produce
-to have been
-to have greatly contributed |
-positive and negative -important effects -an air thermometer -first in one direction and then in another -to the science of electricity
-the only electrical phenomenon observed by man |
3. Translate the following sentences using the Infinitive:
1. Чтобы быть хорошим инженером, необходимо много читать и учиться. 2. Пирометр используется для измерения температуры горячих металлов. 3. Человек научился расщеплять атомы для того, чтобы получить большое количество энергии. 4. Ученые пытаются решить проблему, связанную с новыми явлениями электричества. 5. Громоотвод – это металлическое приспособление для защиты зданий от молний. 6. Проводить опыты с атмосферным электричеством было очень опасно в то время. 7. Намагнитить предмет – это значит поместить его в поле магнита.