- •§1. Place op contract in jurisprudence. 3
- •§ 2. Obligation.
- •§2. Place of contract in jurisprudence. 5
- •§2. Place of contract in jurisprudence. 9
- •§ 2. Acceptance must he absolute, and identical ivith the terms
- •§ I. Agreement,
- •§ 3. II proposal which has not been accepted does not affect the Till accept-
- •§ 5. It proposal may lapse otherwise tJian by revocation as
- •§ 6. Proposal and Acceptance need not necessarily he written Contracts
- •§ 7. A proposal need not be made to an ascertained person,
- •§ I. Contracts of Record.
- •§ 2, Contract under Seal,
- •§ 3. Simple Contracts required to be in writing.
- •§ 4. ConsideItATiaN.
- •§ I. Political or Professional Status,
- •§ 2. Infants,
- •§ 3. Married women.
- •§ 4. Corporations.
- •§ 5. Lunatic and drunken persons.
- •§ 2. MlSbepbesentation.
- •§ 3. Fraud.
- •§ 4. Duress.
- •§ 5. UamuE Influence.
- •§ I. Nature of Illegality m Contract.
- •§ 18 Upon Stock ExchiEknge transactions is well summarised in the
- •§ 2. Effect of Illeoalitt upon Contracts in
- •§ I. Assignment by act of the parties.
- •§ 2. Assignment of contractual rights and liabilities by
- •§ I. Froof of Document,
- •§ 2. Evidence as to /act cf Agreement.
- •§ 3. Evidence as to the terms of the Contract,
- •§ I. General Rales,
- •§ 2. Rvlea 0/ Law and Equity as to Time and Penalties,
- •§ I. Waiver.
- •§ 2. Svhstituted Contract
- •§ 3. Provisions for DischcMrge,
- •§ 1. Position op pabties whebe a Contbact
- •§ 2. Forms of Discharge bt Breach.
- •§ 3. Eemedies fob breach of Contract.
- •§ 4. DiSghaboe of RiOht of AcTion abisiNa
§ 2. Acceptance must he absolute, and identical ivith the terms
of the proposal.
Acceptance Unless this is SO the intention expressed by one of the
solute ^ ^ " parties is either doubtful in itself or different from that of
the other. If A offers to X to do a definite thing and X
accepts conditionally, or introduces a new term into the
• ■
(I
CONTENTS. XVll
PAOB
Or by destrudion of a thing the continued existence of which is
contemplated 316
Or by incapacity for personal service 317
CHAPTER V.
Disoliarge of Contract by Operation of Law.
Merger 318
Alteration of a written instrument 319
Bankruptcy 319
APPENDIX A.
Contract and Quasi-Contract.
Historical connection of the two legal relations . . . .321
Legal relation arising from Judgment • . • 3^5
accounts stated . •325
money paid by plaintiff for defendant 325
money received by defendant to plain-
tiff's use 326
»t )» f»
*» 99 if
»* » *»
APPENDIX B.
Agency.
Agency not a question of capacity of parties . . . .328
Modes of creating relation of agent and principal . . 330
Kinds of agency 331
Restriction and revocation of agency 334
Effect of agent's contract upon himself, his principal, and third
parties 335
INDEX OF CASES.
A.
CABB. BEFEBEKCE.
Adams t. Lindsell i B. & Aid. 68i
AdamBon ▼. Jarvis 4 Bing. 66
Allen y. Kescous ... 2 Lev. 174
Anderson v. Pacific Insurance Co. L. R. 7 C. P. 65
Archer v. Hudson
Armstrong v. Stokes
Arundel V. Trevilian
Asbbury Carriage Co. y. Biche
Aoatic Banking Corp. Ex parte
Atherfold v. Beard
Atkins V. San well...
Atkinson v. Denby
Atlee y. Backhouse
Ayery y. Bowden ...
Ayerst y. Jenkins ...
Aylesford (Earl of) y. Morris
Azemar v. Casella
7 Beav. 560
.. L. R. 7 Q. B. 603
.. Rep. in Chancery, 47
fL. R. 9 Exch. 224 I
R. 7 H. L. 653 J
.. L. R. 2 Ch. 397
.. 2 T. R. 610 .
.. 2 East, 504
r6 H. & N. 778
•17 H. & N. 934
.. 3 M. & W. 633
.. 5E. &B. 714 ...
L. R. 16 Eq. 275
L. R. 8 Ch. 490
L. R. 2 C. P. 191 & 677
112,
PAGE
20
. 173
. 144
. 337
. 179
182, 201
... 211
... 189
... 93
... 190
... 156
272,273
... 178
157, 161
291, 293
Bailey v. de Crespigny
Bailey y. Sweeting
Bannerman y. White
Baring y. Corrie ...
Barry y. Croskey ...
Baxter y. Burfield...
Bayley y. Homan ...
Beauchanip (Earl) y. Winn...
Beaumont y. Greathead
Beaumont y. Reeve
Beckham y. Drake
Begbie y. Phosphate Sewage Co
Behny. Bumess
Betidni y. Gye
Beverley v. Lincoln Gas & Coke
Beynon y. Cook
Birkmyr y. Darnell
B.
... L. R. 4 Q. B. 180
... 9C. B. N.S.843
... 10 C. B. N.S. 844
... 2 B. & Aid. 143
... 2 J. & H. I
... 2 Str. 1266
... 3 Bing. N. C. 920
... L. R. 6 H. L. p. 23
... 2 C. & B. 494 ...
... 8 Q. B. 483 ...
... 9 M. & W. 98 ...
. ... L. R. 10 Q. B. 499
riB.& 8.877! (132,
•••\3B.&S.75i/-l
... L. R. I Q. B. D. 187
Co. 6 A. &E. 837
... L. R. 10 Ch. 389 ...
... I Sm. L. C. 310
b2
... 315
... 50
136, 137
... 332
... 151
... 222
... 307
... 239
... 301
179, 189
... 337
174,190
133, 139. 270.
286, 295, 297
... 284,297
268
161
• • • • • • d^
XX.
INDEX OF CASES.
OASB.
Blades v. Firee
Blair V. Bromley
Blatchford v. Preston ...
Bloomer t. Bernstein . . .
Bloxam v. Sanders
Bolton y . Madden
Boone V. Eyre
Boulton V. Jones
Bourne v. Mason
Bowman t. Taylor
Boyd V. Hind
Boyd V. Mangles
Boydell v. Drummond ...
Bradford v. Koulston ...
Brady v. Todd
BBFEBENOB.
9B. & C. 167
5 Hare, 559
T. K. 89
li. R. 9 C P. 588 .%.
4 ^- ^ ^' 94^
L. R. 9Q. B. 55 ...
I H. Bl. 273 n,
a H. & N. 564
I Ventr. 6
2 A. & E. 278
I H. & N. 938
• • . • • 3 " '* ^ » 39 5*" ••• •••
II East, 142
fS Ir. C. L. 468, i
\LangdelI Contr. 450J
9 C. B. N.S. 592 ...
Brashford v. Buckingham and wife Cro. Jac. 77
Brayshaw V. Eaton 7 Scott, p. 187
Bret V. J. S. and wife i Cro. 755
Brittain V. Lloyd 14 M. & W. 762 ...
Brogden v. Metropolitan Railway L. R. 2 App. Ca. 691
Brown v. Byrne
Brown v. Duncan
Burges v. Wickham
Burgess v. Eve
Burnard v. Haggis
Burrell's Case
Butler and Baker's Case
Buxton V. Rust ,
3 E. & B. 716 ...
loB. &C. 43
3 B. & S. 669
L. R. 13 Eq. 457 ...
14 C. B. N.S. 45 ...
L. R. I Ch. D. 552...
Coke, Rep. iii. 26b...
L. R. 7 Exch. 279 ...
PAGE.
• •• 335
... 310
... 176
... 283
286, ^89
64
... 290
... 119
... 200
... 40
... 79
... 210
50, 229
... 88
... 331
... 107
... 105
... 72
... 21
... 84
...2, 15
... 238
... 164
234. 235. 237
... 144
... 106
... 147
... 16
... 49
C.
Cannan V. Biyce
Card V. Hope
Cartwright v. Carfcwright ...
Chamberlain v. Williamson...
Chanter v. Hopkins
Charnley v. Winstanley
Clay V. Yates
Cliflford V. Watts ...
Clough V. London & N. W. R.
Coggs y. Bernard ...
Coles y. Trecothick
Collen y. Wright ...
Collins y. Blantem
Conflans Quarry Co. y. Parker
Cook V. Oxley
Cooky. Wright ...
... 3 B. & Aid. 179
• t •
• •
. 184. 185
... 2B. &C. 661 ...
• • •
• • •
... ^7B
... 3D. M. &G. 982
• • •
• • •
... 179
... 2M. &S. 408...
• ••
• • •
... 223
... 4M. & W. 399
• • •
• • «
293* 295
... 5 East. 266 ...
• • «
• • •
... 335
... I H. & N. 73 •••
• • •
• • •
173.186
... L, R. 5 C. P. 577
• • •
74
» 295, 313
Co. L. R. 7 Ex. 35...
• ••
• • •
... 154
... I Sm. L. C.
• • •
• • •
... 335
... 9 Ves. 234
• • •
« • •
65, 158
17 E. & B. 30i\
— \8 E. & B. 647/
• • •
• • «
395. 338
... I Sm. L. C. 369
• • t
• 4 •
... 42
... L. R. 3 C. P. 1
• • •
• • •
... 319
... 3 T. R. 053
• • •
• • •
... 18
... I B, &S. 559 ...
• • •
• • •
... 69
IKDEX OF CASES. xxi
CASE. BEFEBEKCB. PAGE.
Cooper V. Phibbs L. R. 2 H. L. 170 122,148
Cope y. Bowlands a M. & W. 149 164
Cwniflh ▼, Stiibbe L. R. 5 C. P. 339 219
Cortv, Ambergate Railway Co. ... 17 Q. B. 127 a 7©, 274
Coach V. Goodman 2 Q. B. 597 39
Coaturier V. Hastie 5 H, L. C. 673 121
Cowan V. Milbonm L. R. 2 Exch. 230 186, 187
Crouch Y. Credit Foncier of England L. R. 8 Q. B. 380 209, 215
Cumber V. Wane i Sm. L. C. 351 307
Cundy V. Lindsay L. R. 3 App. Caa. 465 119
Carrie V. Misa L. R. 10 Exch. 162 61
Cutter V. Powell 6 T. R. 320 & Sin.L. C. ii. i... 283
Cuxon v. Chadley 3 B. & C. 591 206
D.
Dalby V. The Lond. life Assur. Co. 15 C. B. 365 17a
Dalton V. Mid. Coun. Railway Co. 13 C. B. 478 107
De Bussche V. Alt L. R. 8 Ch. D. 310 335
Benton V. Great Northern Railway 5 E. & B. 860 28
Dick«Bfion v. Dodds L. R. 2 Ch. D. 463 18
ff ti »t 475 ••• ^3
Dickson v. Reuter^s Telegraph Co. L. R. 3 C. P. D. i 148
Dimmock v. Hallett L. R. 2 Ch. 27 144
Dixon V. Clarke 5 C. B 376 264
Dobell Y. Hutchinson 3 A. & E, 355 49
Dobson Y. Espie 2 H. & N. 79 248
Doe d. Gramons Y. Knight 5 B. & C. 671 16
Donellan Y. Read 3 B. & Ad. 899 56
Drake Y. Beckham iiM. &W. 319 ... 224
Dresser Y. Norwood ...♦ 14 C. B. N.S. 574 337
Dunlop Y. Higgins i H. L. C. 381 21
Dumford Y. Messiter 5 M. & S. 446 197
Dulten Y. Podle 2 Loy. 210 72
E.
Earle V. OliYer a Exch. 71 90
Eastland y. Burchell L. R. 3 Q. B. D. 43a 108
Eastwood Y. Kenyon 11 A. i E. 446 ... 73, 92, 94
Edwards y. Aberayron Insur. Soc. L. R. i Q. B. D. 596 ... 177, 230
Egerton Y. Brownlow 4 H. L. C. i 175
Eicholz Y. Bannister 17 C. B. N.S. 708 295
Elderton Y. Emmens 4 C. B. 493 87
Eley Y. Positive Life Assur. Co. ... L. R. i Ex. D. 88 (C. A.) ... 201
Eliason Y. Henshaw 4 Wheaton, 225 ^ 23
EUenY. Topp 6 Exch. 424 299
Engla&d Y. Davidson 11 A & E. 857 84
England Y. Mansden L. R. i C. P. 529 326
Erskine Y. Adeane L^ R. 8 Ch. 766 234
Evans Y. Collins 5 Q. B. 804, 820 149
Exall Y. Partridge 8 T. R. 308 320
XXU INDEX OF CASES.
CASE. BEFEBENCB. PAGE.
Fairlie V. Denton 8 B. & G. 400 206
Faulkner V. Lowe a Exch. 595 5
Featherstone Y. Hutchinson ... Cro. Eliz. 199 182
Felthouse Y. Bindley 11 C. B. N.S. 869 15
Ferguson Y. Wilson L. R. 2 Ch. 89 iii
Findon Y. Parker 11 M. & W. 682 178
Fisher Y. Bridges 3 E. & B. 642 187
Fishmonger's Co. Y. Robertson ... 5 M. & Gr. 192 46
Fitch Y. Jones 5 E. & B. 245 170,189
Fitch Y. Sutton 5 East, 230 78
Fleet Y. Murton L. R. 5 Q. B. 131 ... 336
Fleet Y. Perrin L. R. 4 Q. B. 500 222
Flight Y. Bolland 4 Russ. 298 304
Flight Y. Booth I Bing. N. C, 370 141
Flight Y. Reed i H. & C. 703 ... ... ... ... 91
Ford Y. Beech iiQ. B. 866 241
Foster Y. Bates 12 M. & W. 226 331
Foster Y. Charles 7 Bing. 105 130
Foster V. Dawber 6 Exch. 839 77*^49
Foster Y. Jolly i C. M. & R. 708 230
Foster Y. Mack innon L. R. 4 C. P. 704 117
Foster Y. Wells 8 M. & W. 149 176
Fowkes Y. Manchester Assnr. Asso. 3 B & S. 929 24a
Fowler Y. Fowler 4 D. & J. 250 240
FreethY. Burr L. R. 9 C. P. 214 282
Frost Y. Knight L. R. 7 Ex. 114 272
G.
Gardner Y. Walsh 5 E. & B. 89 319
Gamons Doe d. Y. Knight 5 B. & C. 671 10
Garrard Y. Frankel 30 BeaY. 445 127,240
G^ipel Y. Smith L. R. 7 Q. B. 404 255
Gervas Y. Edwards 2 Dr. & War. 80 305
Gibson Y. Carruthers 8 M. & W. 339 216
Gilbert Y. Sykes 16 East, 150 168,175
Glaholm Y. Hayes 2 M. & G. 257 134
Glazebrook Y. Woodrow 8 T. R. 366 280
Godsall Y. Boldero 9 East, 72 172
Good Y. Cheesman 2 B. & Ad. 528 79
Goode Y. Harrison 5 B. & Aid. 159 100
Goodman Y. Chase i B. & Aid. 297 54
Goman V. Salisbury i Vern. 240 258
Goss Y. Lord Nugent 5 B & Ad. 65 259
Graham Y. Johnson L. R. 8 Eq. 38 210
Grant Y. Johnson Langd. Cases on Contract, 620 280
Graves Y. Legg 9 Exch. 716 285,298
Gray Y. Mathias 5 Ves. 286 179
Gray Y. Pearson L. R. 5 C. P. 568 20a
Great North. RaQ. Co. y. Witham L. R. 9 C. P. 16 66
INDEX OF CASES.
XXIU
CASE.
Grregoiy V. WilUamB
Qriaewood t. Blane
Gumey v. Behrend
Grothing V. Lynn ...
Hadley v. Bazendale
Haigh v. Brooks ...
Halifax v. Barker . . .
Hall V. Warren ...
Hamilton v. Watson
Hamlin v. Great North
Hampden y. Walsh
Hancock v. Lablache
Hansard ▼. Kobinson
Harris's Case
Huris ▼. Nickerson
Harris ▼. Pepperell
Harris v. Rickett ...
Hart y. Alexander...
Hart y. Miles
Hart y. Mills
Hartley y. Ponsonby
Hartley y. Rice
Haryey y. Gibbons
Harvey y. Mount ...
Haryey y. Young ...
Hawken y. Bourne
Hayes y. Warren ...
Heady. Tattersall...
Henderson y. Steyenson
Hickman y. Haynes
Higgen*s Case
Higgins y. Senior
Hill y. Wilson
Hills y. Eyans-
Hills y. Saghrue
Hirschfield y. London, Brighto
and South Coast Railway Co.
Hitchcock y. Coker
Hoadley y. MoLaine
Hochster y. Delatour
Hoghton y. Hoghton
Holmes y. Bell
Honeyman y. Marryat
Hopkins y. Logan
Home y. Midland Railway Co.
Horsf all y. Thomas
Hudson y. Reyett
Huguenin y. Bazely
HuUe y. Heightman
BSFEBBNOB.
. 3 Mer. 58a
. II C. B. 538 ...
. 3E.&B. 6aa ...
. a B. & Ad. a3a
H.
. 9 Exch. 354 ...
. 10 A. & E. 309
. 3 Dyer, a7a a; Cro
. 9 Ves. 605
. 13 CI. & F. 109
Rail. Co. I H. &N. 408...
L. R. I Q. B. D. 189
L. R. 3 C. P. D. 197
7B. &C. 90
L. R. 7 Ch. 587 ...
L. R. 8 Q. B. a86 ...
L. R. 5 Eq. I
4H. & N. I
a M. & W. 484
4C. B. N.S. 371 ...
15 M. & W. 87 ...
7E. &B. 87a
10 East, aa
a Ley. 161
8 Beav. 439
I Yely. ai
8M.&W. 708
a Str. 933
L. R. 7 Exch. 7 ...
L. R. a Sc. App. 470
L. R. 10 C. P. 606...
6 Co. Rep. 45 b
8M. &W.834 ...
L. R. 8 Ch. 888 ...
31 L. J. Ch. 457 ...
15 M. & W. a53 ...
"'JL. R. 2 Q. B. D. I ...
6Ad. &E. 438
10 Bing. 48a
a E. & B. 678
15 Beay. 399
3 M. & G. 213
6 H. L. C. 112
5M. &W. 241
L. R. 8C. P. 131 ...
I H. & C. 90
5 Bing. 387
14 Ves. a73
a East, 145
PAOK.
... 30I
... 171
... ai7
... 14
"S
... 302
64, a4a
Eliz. 741 89
... 114
... 143
... 30a
... 19a
... no
... 319
... ai
... a7
... 240
... aa9
... asa
... 70
33,83
... 76
... 179
/4
... 159
... 147
■ .. 333
... 333
353. 354, a84
... a4
... 351
... 318
49, 5h 336
... 3
... 338
... 313
... 148
... 180
58.83
... 371
... 157
... 318
... 15
... 335
... 303
... 153
... 40
... 159
... 369
xnv
INDEX OF CASES.
OASI. BEFEBEKCOB.
Humble y. Hunter la Q. B. 317
Hunt V. Bate 3 Dyer, 272 a
Hunt V. Wimbledon Local Board L. B. 3 C. P. D. 214
Hunter v. Walters L. R. 7 Ch. 84
HuBCombe V. Standing ... Cro. Jac. 187
Hussej ▼. Home Payne L. K. 8 Ch. D. 670...
Hutton V. Warren i M. & W. 466
Hyde V. Wrench 3 Beav. 336
I.
ImperialGrasGo.y. LondonGasGo. 10 Exch. 39
lonides y. Pacific Insurance Co. ... L. K. 6 Q. B. 686 ...
lonides y. Pender...
Ireland y. Liyingston
Irving y. Veitch ...
L. R. 9 Q. B. 537 ...
L- R. 5 ^< L. 408 ...
3 M. & W. 106
J.
Jackson y. Colegraye (1694) Carthew, p. 338
Jackson y. Union Marine Ins. Co. L. R. 10 C. P. p. 148
Jenuings y. Rundall 8 T. R. 335
Jervisy. Berridge L. R. 8 Ch. 351
Johnson y. Gallagher 3 D. F. & J. 494 ...
Johnson y. Roysd Mail Steaml t T^ 9 n P ai
J: aCKCu \jO» ... J
JoUyy. Rees 15 C. B. K.S. 628 ...
Jones y. Ashbumham 4 East, 463
Jones y. Edney 3 Camp. 285
Jones y. Just L. R. 3 Q. B. 197 ... i
Josling y. Kingsford 13 C. B. N.S. 447 ...
Kaye y. Dutton
Keates y. Lord Cadogan
Keiry. Leeman
Kekewich y. Manning ...
Kelly y. Solari
Kelner V. Baxter
Kemble y. Farrin
Kemp y. Findon
Kennedy y. Broun
Keppel y. Baily
Kibble's Case
King y. Oillett
KirUiam y. Marter
K.
... 7M. &Gr. 807
... lo C. B. 591
... 6Q.B. 321&9Q. B.
... I D. M. G. 188
... 9 M. & W. 58
... L. R. 3 C. P. 628 ...
... 6 Bing. 147
... 12 M. & W. 423 ...
... 13C. B. N.S. 677 ...
... 2 Mylne •& Keen, 517
... L. R. loCh. 373 ...
... 7 M. & W. 55
... 2 B. & Aid. 613
L.
' PAGE.
... 204,337
• • • • • •
86
• • • • • •
46
... "7,
118
• • • • ■ •
155
• • • • • ■
15
• • t • • ■
238
• • • • • •
15
310
125
•
140
333
325
t • • fl i •
167
• t • •• ■
294
• • « • • •
105
... 232,
233
• • • • • •
no
• • • • t •
325
« • • • « •
334
• • • •••
67
• • • • • •
142
H. 391,
293
• • • • ft •
293
• • • • • ■
86
• • • • • •
146
?5 ...
177
... 157,
304
■ • • • • •
128
• ■ • • • •
334
... 344,
245
• • • • • •
325
... 87,98
• • • ■ • •
220
• • • • • ■
102
• • • • • •
248
• • • • • 1
54
... •. •
Laing y. Fidgeon 6 Taunt. 108 ...
Lwnpleigh y. Bmthwait {howJ",os''^'}
... 291
84,86
INDEX OF CASES.
OASB. BEFERENOB.
Langridge V. Levy a M. & W. 519
Iaw v. London Indisputable Lifel . tt t x
Policy Co. yiK.&J. 229
Leask V.Scott L. R. a Q. B. D. 376
Le Blanche v. L. ft N. W. B. Co. L. R. i C. P. D. a86. 311
Lee V. Griffin iB. &S. aya...
Lee V. Jones 1 7 C. B. N.S. 503
Lee V. Muggeridge 5 Taunt. 36 ...
Lennon V. Napper a Sch. & L. 684
Leroux V. Brown n C. B. 801 ...
Lewis V. Nicholson 18 Q. B. 503 ...
Lickbarrow v. Mason a Sm. L. C. 8a5
lindsay Petroleum Co. v. Hurd ... L. R. 5 P. C. a43
Littlefield v. Shee 2 B. & Ad. 811
Liversidge v. Broadbent 4 H. & N. 603...
Uanelly Railway Co. v. London &1t t> „ tj t a^
N. W. Railway Co J^' ^' 7 H. L. 567
Lovelock V. Franklyn
Lowe V. Pears
Lumley v. Gye
Lumley v. Wagner
M® Andrew v. Chappie...
Macdonald v. Longbottom
Mackenzie v. Coulson ...
M^'Kinnell v. Robinson
M^^Manus v. Bark
Maddick v. Marshall ...
Mahony v. Kekuli
Makin v. Watkinson ...
Kallalieu v. Hodgson ...
Mallan v. May
Manby V. Scott
Mangles v. Dixon
Marriott v. Hampton ...
Martin v. Hewson
Matthews V. Baxter ...
Mattock V. Kiuglake ...
Mavorv. Pyne
Mayor of Kidderminster v.
wicxe ... ... ... ...
Melhado v. Porto Alegre Rail
Meyer V. Drener
Minett v. Forester
MinshuU v. Oakes
Mody V. Gregson
MoUett V. Robinson
Molton V. Camroux
Moi^gan V. Bimie
• • •
Hard
ii.ci
1
8 Q. B. 371
... 4 Burr. aa25
... a E. &;B. ai6 ...
... I D. M. & G. 604
M.
L. R. I C. P. 643
1 E. &E. 977 ...
L. R. 8 Eq. 375
3 M. & W. 435
L. R. 5 Ex. 65
16 C. B. N.S. 387
14 c. B. 398 ...
L. R. 6 Ex. a5...
16 Q. B. 689 ...
II M. & W. 665
a Smith, L. C. ...
3 H. L. C. 735...
2 Sm. L. C. 356
10 Exch. 737 ...
L. R. 8 Ex. 13a
10 A. & E. 50...
3 Bing. a85 ...
L. R. 9 Ex. a4
L. R. 9 C. P. 503
16 C. B. N.S. 646
4 Taunt 54 ...
2 H. & N. 808...
L. R. 4 Ex. 49...
fL. R. 7C. P. Ill )
\L. R. 7 H. L. 802 5
a Exch. 489 & 4 Exch. i
9 Bing. 672
PAOE.
... 151
... 172
... 69
26,37, 296
... 59
... 143
90, fa
... a43
... 5^
... 337
... ai6
... 147
... 93
ao6, 207
... 308
273. 274
... I7Q
... 198
... 305
... 394
... 235
... 240
... 184
... 307
... 334
... 329
... 288
... 173
42, 180, 241
... 334
209, 210
... 327
... 19a
... 114
a8o, a8i
24, 369
.. 46
.. 201
.. 238
.. 335
.. 219
.. 293
238, 333
ii3»"9
... 287
PAGE.
• • •
73
280,
289
334
.326
• • t
53
• ■ •
162
• • •
240
t • •
258
• • •
142
• • •
140
9
• • •
291
• • •
45
• • •
359
• • •
238
• • •
143
• • •
100
« • ■
256
XXVI INDEX OP CASES.
CASE. BEFEBENOB.
Mortimore V. Wright 6 M. & W. 48a ... .
Morton V. Lamb 7 T. R. 125 •
Moses y. Macferlan 2 Burr. 1108, mo ... .
Mountstephen v. Lakeman |^; ^' J Q- ^ J°^|... .
Moxon V. Payne L. R. 8 Ch. 881 ... .
Murray V. Parker 19 Beav. 305
N.
Nash V. Armstrong 10 0. B. N.S. 259 ... .
New Brunswick Railway Co. v.l x\ «. a -o,
Mupgeridge |i Dr. & Sm. 381 .. .
New York Bowery Fire Ins. Co. v.l ^ ,
New York Fire Ins. Co ^^ ^^^^' ^59
Nichols V. Golds 10 Exch. 191
Nicholson v. Bradfield Union ... L. R. i Q. B. 620 ... .
Noble V. Ward L; R. 2 Exch. 135 ... .,
Norden Steam Co. v. Dempsey ... L. R. i jC. P. D. 658
North British Ins. Co. v. Lloyd ... 10 Exch. 523
N. W. Rail. Co. V. McMichael ... 5 Ex. 114
Nowlan v. Ablett 2 C. M. & R. 54 ... .
Nugent V. Smith L.R. i C. P. D. 19,423 ... 255,256
Nunn V.Fabian L. R. i Ch. 35 57
O.
Ogle v.Ea^l Vane ft.' R.' 3 Q.* R 272} ^5'
Oldershaw V. King 2H. &N. 517 69
O'Mealy V. Wilson i Camp. 483 97
O'Rorke V. Bolingbroke L.R.2 App.Ca. 814, 823... 157,161
Ormrodv. Huth 14 M. & W. 650 149
P.
Palmer V. Temple 9 A. & E. 521 288,308
Paradine V. Jane Aleyn, 26 314
Parker V. Ibbetson 4 C. B. N.S. 347 257
Pattinson v. Luckley L. R. 10 Ex, 330 319
Payne V. Haine 16 M. & W. 541 236
Payne V. Mayor of Brecon 3 H. & N. 579 188
Paynter V. Williams i C. & M. 810 23,94
Pearce V. Brooks L. R. i Exch. 213 179,185
Peekv. Gumey { 403&377 } ^43, HS* i5o» 152
Peter V. Compton i Sm. L. C. 335 55
Phillips V. Foxall L. R. 7 Q. B. 666 143
Picard V. Hine L. R. 5 Ch. 277 no
Pickering V. Tlfracombe Railway... L. R. 3 C. P. 250 182
Pigot's Case 11 Co. Rep. 27 181
Pilkington V. Scott 15 M. & W. 660 63
PiUans V. vanMierop ...' 3 Burr. 167a & 1663 ... 35» ^^
INDEX OF GASES. ZXYU
CASB. BBFEBBKOK. PAOB.
PhmersCase 5C0. Rep. 117 77
Planch^ V. Ck>lbuTn 8 Bing. 14 & 34 270,276
Polbill ▼. Walter 3 B & Ad. 114 130,150
Potts V. Bell 8Tr. 548 173
Poulton V. Lattimore 9 B. & C. 259 292
Powles V. Innes ii M. & W. 10 206
Price V. Easton 4 B. & Ad. 433 200
Printing Go. y. Sampson L. B. 19 Eq. 462 175
Prosser v. Edmonds i Y. & C. 499 178
Pulaford V. Richards 17 Beav. 95 153
Pastv. Dowie 32 L. J. Q. B. 179 298
Pyke'sCase L. R. 8 Ch. D. 756 185
Pym V. Campbell 6E.&B. 37o&;374... 231, 232, 233
R.
Raffles V. Wickehaus 2 H. & C. 906 12a
Ramsgate Hotel Go. y. Montefiore L. R. i Exch. 109 2 a
Ranny. Hughes 7 T. R. 350 35f 62
Reader y. Kingham 13 C. B. N.S. 344 53
Reese Riyer Mining Go. y. Smith L. R. 4 H. L. 64. & 79 ... 131, 149
Reg. y, Downes L. R. i Q. B. D. 24 73
Reuss y. Picksley L. R. i Exch. 342 48
Reynell y. Sprye i D. M. & G. 660 190
Richards y. Richards 2 B. & Ad. 452 221
Richards y. London, Briirhton. & r^ -n o ^
8. C. Railway ....„......? OR ^39 »9«
Ritchie y. Atkinson ... lo East, 295 281,282,293
Riyer Steamer Go. in re L. R. 6 Gh. 828 316
Roberts y. Hardy 3 M. &. S. 533 97
Robinson y. Davison L. R. 6 Exch. 269 317
Robinson y. Harman i Ex. 855 301
Robinson y. Reade 9 B. & G. 455 264
Robson & Sharpe y. Drummond ... 2 B. & Ad. 503 205
Rogers y. Spence 13 M. & W. 580 223
Ropery. Johnson L. R. 8 G. P. 167 303
RoBcorla y. Thomas 3 Q- B. 234 85
Rumball y. Metropolitan Bank ... L. R. 2 Q. B. D. 194 212
Ryder y. Wombwell {l.* R.* 4 Exch! 32} -^ '°4
S.
Sanderson y. Piper 5 Bing. N. G. 425 237
Sanger V. Sanger L. R. 11 Eq. 470 222
Sard y. Rhodes i M. & W. 153 263
Sayery. Wagstaffe 5 Beav. 423 263,264
Schmaling y. Thomlinson 6 Taunt. 147 197
Scotson y. Pegg 6 H. & N. 295 80,81
Scott V.Avery 5 H. L. G. 811 177
Scott y. Littledale 8 E. & B. 815 126
Seeger y. Duthie 8 G. B. N.S. 45 134
Semple v. Pink i Exch. 74 69
XXVUl INDEX OP CASES.
OABX. BEFEBENOE. PAGE.
Shadwell r. Shadwell 9 C. B. N.S. 159 80
Simpson Y. Crippin L. R. 8 Q. B. 14 282
Simpson v. L. & N. W. B. Co. ... L. R. i Q. B. D. 274 303
Skeet v. Lindsay L. B. 2 Ex. D. 317 311
Slade's Case 4 Co. Bep. 92 323
Slater Y. Jones L. B. 8 Ex. 193 79
Slim V. Croucher i D. F. & J. pp. 523, 524 ... 153
Smith V. Hughes L.Rw6Q.B. 605,607... 120, 125, 152
Smith V.Kay 7 H. L. C. 750, 779 ... 159,160
Smith V. Mawhood 14 M. & W. 463 164
Smith V. Wilson 3 B. & Ad. 728 238
Snook T. Watts 11 Beav. 107 114
South of Ireland Colliery Co. v.It -d - n ■» ./:^
WftHHlp f'Lu K. 3 c r. 409 45
»» «**w*« ••• .•• <.j
Southwell T. Bowditch L. R. i C. P. D. 374 336
Spencer's Case i Sm. L. C. i, 73, 74 218
Sprye V. Porter 7 E. & B. 81 178
Stanley V. Jones 7 Bing. 369 178
Startup V. Macdonald 6 M. & G. 593 264
Stavers V. Curling 3 Bing. N. C. 355 296
Stewart v. Eddowes L. R. 9 C. P. 314 48
Stilk V. Meyrick 2 Comp. 317 76
Stockport Waterworks Co. y. Potter 3 H. &C. 300 220
Stocks V. Bobson 4 D. M. & G. 15 & 17 209
Street V. Blay 2 B. & Ad. 456 295
Strickland V. Turner 7 Exch. 217 121,31a
T.
Tarrabochia V. Hickie i H. & N. 183 134
Taylor V. Best 14 C. B. 487 97
Taylor v. Bowers L. R. i Q. B. D. 300 191
Taylor V. Brewer I M. & S. 290 14
Taylor V. Caldwell 3 B. & S. 826 316
Taylor V. Laird 25 L. J. Ex. 329 16,24,83
Taylor v^ Merchant's Fire Ins. Co. 9 Howard, 390 20
Thomas y. Cadwallader Willes, 496 279
Thomas y. Hayward L. R. 4 Exch. 311 219
Thomas y. Thomas 2 Q. B. 851 71.73
Thompson y. Dayenport 2 Smith, L. C. 379 337
Thomett y. Haines 15 M. & W. 367 27
Thomhill y. Neats 8 C. B. N.S. 831 251
Thornton y. Kempster 5 Taunt. 786 123
Thoroughgood's Case 2C0. Rep. 9 117
Thorpe y. Thorpe 12 Mod. Rep. 455 278
Touchey.Metrop.WarehousingCo. L. R. 6 Cb. 671 201, 202
Townson y. Tickell 3 B. & A. 37 12
Trueman y. Loder iiA. &E. 589 49t 33^
Truman y. Fenton Cowp. 544 90
Tulky.Moxhay 2 Ph. 774 221
Turnery. Owen 3 F. & F. 177 76
Tweddle y. Atkinson x B. & S. 398 72,200,201
INDEX OF CASES.
V.
CASE. BKrEBENCB.
Varney V. Hickman 5 C. B. 271
Venezuela Bailway Co. t. Kisch... L. B. 2 H. L. p. 113
W.
. aC. B. 548 ...
. 5 East, 10
. 6 H. & N. 768, 775... 227
. 5 M. & W. 561
. L. R. 3 Q. B. D. 150
. Style, 186
. I E. & K 295 ...
. 2 C. M. & B. ...
. II C. B. N.S. 769
. Bailer, Nisi Prius, 147
. L. B. 8 Q. B. 202
. 3oBeaT. 62 123
. Boll. Abr. p. 6...
. L. B. 3 Ex. D. 243
^^*^"^-1l. B. 10 C. P. 402
• .•• •••J
Wade V. Simeon ...
Wain V. Warlters ...
Wake V. Harrop ...
Ward V. Byrne
Ward Y. Hobbs ...
Ware v. Ghappell ...
Warlow V. Harrison
Waters v. Tompkins
Watson y. Swann ..
Watson v..Tumer..
Wangh V. Morris ..
Webster v. CecQ ..
Weekv. T^bold ..
Weir V.Bell
Wells ▼. The Mayor of
upon-Hull
Western Bank of Scotland v. Addie L. B. 1 Scotch App
Wheelton v. Hardisty ..
White V. Bluett ..
Whittaker ex parte
Wigglesworih v. Dallison
Wilkinson r. Johnson .
Wilkinson y. Oliv^ra .
Williams y. Bayley
Williams y. Carwardine
Williams y. Jones... .,
Williams y. Lake ... .,
Williams y. Moor ...
Williams y. Sorrell
Williams y. Wheeler .
Wilson y. FinchHatton
Wilson y. Tamman
8 E. & B. 232, 299
23 L. J. Exch. 36
L. B. 10 Ch. 446
I Sm. L. C. 598
3B.&O. 428 ...
1 Bing. N. C. 490
L. B I H. L. 220
4 B. & Ad. 611
13M. & W. 628
2 E. & E. 349...
II M. & W. 263
4Ve8ey. 389 ...
8 C. B. N.8. 316
L. B. 2 Ex. D. 336
6M. &G. 236...
2 B. & A. 105 ...
2 B. ft Ad. 882
145.
PAGE.
... 191
... 143
68.76
50,64
228, 235
... 180
... 146
278, 279
... 27
... 3"
... 3.=5»
... 93
... 183
128, 239
... 14
... 149
... 45
... 131
... 141
... 75
... 148
... 237
... 319
... 87
... 176
... 26
38* 325
... 49
90.99
... 268
... 260
... 14/
... 330
... 93
... 282
... 305
... 158
... 332
Wing y. Mill
Withers y. Beynolds
Wood V. Abrey ... 3 Maddoek, 423 ... .
Woolfe y. Home L. B. 2 Q. B. D. 355 .
X.
Xenos y. Wickham L. B. 2 H. L. 396 ... 12, 16. 39
Y.
Young y. Cole 3 Bing. N. C. 724 292
SOME ABBKEVIATIONS USED IN EEFERENCE.
Jl. oo £.
B. & Ad
B. & Aid
a, n u. ., ,
si, oL a
X36& V* ,,, ,.. ,,,
Bing
Bing. N. C
Burr
Camp
^^» -mJ • ••• 9«a a*t
C. B. ]N^.S
CI. & F.
C. & M
C. M. &R
Co. Rep
V'OWp. .,a ... ,,.
Cro. Eliz. or i Cro.
Cro. Jac. or 2 Cro.
D. & J.
D. F. & J.
D. M. & G.
!Dr. & Sm.
Dr. & War.
F. & B. ...
E. &E....
Exch. . . .
F. & F. , . .
H. Bl. ...
H. & C...
H. &N.
S. Li. C*
Ir. C. L.
J.&H.
REPORTS ^
AdolphuB and Ellis Q. B. 1 834-1 841
Barn wall and AdoIphuB K. B. 1 830-1 834
Bamwall and Alderson K. B. 1817-1822
Bamwall and Cresswell K. B. 18 2 2-1 830
Best and Smith Q. B. 1 861-1 865
Beavan Rolls Court, 1 838-1 866
Bingham ) ^ p « j,
Bingham's New Cases J - ^'^- i»H-i840
Burrows K.*B. 1756-1772
Campbell ... K. B. & C. P. nisi prius, 1807-18 18
Common Bench ) r« p yc^e tq/;?
Common Bench,Kew Series J - '^' ^' ^»45-i»05
Clark and Finelly . . . House of Lords, 1 83 i-i 846
Crompton and Meeson ... ) Ex 18^^1-18^6
Crompton, Meeson, and Roscoe j • 34 3
Coke's Reports Eliz. and James
Cowper K. B. 1774-1778
Croke, of the reign of Elizabeth.
„ „ James.
De Gex and Jones Ch.App. 1857-1859
De Gex, Fisher, and Jones „ 1859-186 2
De Gex, Macnaghten, and Gordon „ 1851-1857
Drewry and Smale ...V. C. Kindersley, 1 859-1 866
Dm ry and Warren Chancery, 1 841 -1843
Ellis and BlHckbum Q. B. 1852-1858
Ellis and Ellis Q. B. 1859-1861
Exchequer 1847-1856
Foster and Finlason Cases at Nisi Prius, 1 856-1 867
Henry Blackstone C. P. 1 786-1 788
Hurlstone and Coltman Ex. 1862-1865
Hurlstone and Norman Ex. 1856-1862
House of Lords* Cases 1 846-1 866
Iiish Common Law Reports.
Johnson and Hemming V. C. Page Wood, 1 859-1 862
^ References to the Law Journal reports have not been given tbrougli'
out the ensuing pages because the system of marginal references imposed
certain limits as to space. The reports cited are accessible to any student
at Oxford, and it is hoped that the information given as to the Court in
which the case was decided, and the date of the report to which reference
is made, will enable those who can only refer to the Law Journal to dis-
cover the cases with little difficulty.
SOME ABBBEVIATI0N8 USED IN BEPEBENCE.
L.J.
L.J.
L.J.
LB.
L.R.
L.R.
L.R.
L.R.
L.B.
L.R.
L.R.
L.R.
L.R.
L.R.
L.R.
L.R.
Lev.
Mad.
M. &
M. &
M. &
Mer.
Mod.
v> ...
Exch. ...
Vb* •^^« • • •
Ch. ...
Q.B. ...
C. P. ...
Ex. ...
Eq.
Ch.
M. L. . . .
Sc. App.
Q.B.D.
C. P. D.
Ex.D.
Ch.D.
App. Ga.
P. C. ...
G.
S.
w.
• • •
. • .
• ..
...
*. .
...
. . •
• . •
...
) a . • I
Rep. . . .
M. &K.
Ph.
Q. B.
Rep. in Ch. ...
Rolle Abr. ...
Ross.
Sch. ft L.
SqlL. C.
Str.
• ••
• • • • • t
» • • • • •
• • • • • •
T. R.
•« * •. •
•* • • . •
Ventr. ...
Vern.
Y.&C...
Yelv. ...
...
...
. • .
...
n
t»
>•
n
M
n
9»
i»
»>
»*
Levinz
»>
•t
t>
t«
i>
ff
»•
»
tt
•I
H
1838-
1865-
« • • • • t
Kay and Johnson V. C. Page Wood, 1 854-1 856
Law Journal, Exchequer 1
„ „ Queen's Bench >
„ „ Chancery )
Law Reports, Queen's Bench
Common Pleas
Exchequer
Equity
Chancery Appeals
English and Irish Appeals
Scotch Appeals
Queen's Bench Division
Common Pleas Division
Exchequer Division
Chancery Division
Appeal Cases
Privy Council Cases
K. B. & C. P. 1660-1696
Maddock ... Vice-Chancellor's Court, 181 7-1829
Manning and Granger C. P. 1 840-1 845
Maule and Selwyn K. B. 1813-1817
Meeson and Welsby Ex. 1 836-1 847
Merivale Chancery, 1813-1817
Modern Reports
Common Law and Chanceiy, 1 660-1 702
Mylne and Keen Chancery, 183 2-1 837
Phillips „ 1841-1849
Queen's Bench 1841-1852
Reports in Chancery 1625-1688
Rolle's Abridgment.
Russell Chancery, 1826-1829
Schoales and Lefroy... Irish Chancery, 1 802-1 806
Smith's Leading Cases.
Strange 1727-1748
! Term Reports, or Dumford ) jy- -p _^q^ ,^^^
and East's Reports ... \ '" ^ ^' ^^^^-m^
Ventris K. B. 1660-1685
Vernon Chancery, 1680-1718
Young and CoUyer V. C. Knight-Bruce, 1 834-1 842
Yelverton K. B. 1601-1613
Sav. Syst.
Sav. Obi.
TEXTBOOKS.
.. • •. >
*.. ...
Savigny, System des heutigen Romisohen Rechts.
Savigny, Obligationenrecht.
p ^1 1^ ( Pollock on the Principles of the English Law of
^^^^^^ J Contract. Second edition, 1878.
Benjamin on Sale. Second edition, 1873.
J 1^ ) Leake's Elementaiy Digest of the Law of Contract.
^^®**® { 1878.
T^ 3^n { Selection of Cases on the Law of Contract, by
^^^^^^ I C. C. Langdell.
PART I.
INTRODUCTION.
THE PLACE OF CONTRACT IN JURISPRUDENCE.
In commencing an inquiry into the principles of the law Outline of
of Contract it is well to consider what are the main ohjects '
of the inquiry and in what order they arise for discussion.
It would seem that the first thing to be considered is the Nature of
COUtljEkCt
relation of contract to other legal conceptions: if this can
be ascertained, we get some definite notion of the nature of
the subject of our inquiries.
Haying ascertained what a contract is, we next ask how Its forma-
it is made ; in other words, what are the various elements
necessary to the Formation of a valid contract 1
The next question should be. Whom does a contract, when Its opera-
made, afiFect ; or what is the Operation of contract ?
After this we shall consider the Interpretation of contract. Its inter-
or the mode in which the terms of a contract are dealt with
when they come before the Courts for consideration.
It will then remain to deal with the Discharge of contract, its dis-
the various processes by which the contractual tie is loosed ^ ^^'
and the parties restored to their former position as regards
their legal relations to one another.
We will begin then by considering the nature of Contract.
We may regard Contract as a combination of the two Contract is
ideas of Agreement and Obligation. It is that form of Agree- ^^ spnng-
ment which directly contemplates and results in an Obliga- ^^S from
,,,,/. 1 * f agreement.
tion. We should therefore try to get at the meanmg of
Sav. System,
s. 140 4.
2, INTBODUCTION. Part I.
Agreement and Obligation ; and Savigny's analysis of these
two legal conceptions may with advantage be considered here
with reference to the rules of English Law.