V вариант

Задание 1

Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в каждом из них видо-временную форму и залог глагола-сказуемого (см. образец выполнения 1). Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The article from the journal “Machinery” has been translated.

2. Cableways are used at winter sport centres to carry skiers to the top of the slopes.

3. The experiment will be carried out in December.

4. Crude oil was found below the Earth’s surface.

Задание 2

Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на разные значения слов it, that, one.

1. One should know the differences between these systems of marketing.

2. It is reported that several Japanese manufacturers are planning to set up plants overseas.

3. It is the best auto fuel.

Задание 3

Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на разные значения глаголов to be, to have, to do.

1. We are to control the speed of these particles.

2. The country has huge reserves of combustible minerals.

3. Atoms are made up of neutrons, electrons and protons.

4. People have to accept the recommendations of scientists.

Задание 4

Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на бессоюзное подчинение.

1. Money can be used to buy things we wish to consume.

2. She said she didn't understand the text.

Задание 5

Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на функцию инфинитива.

1. To carry out the household goods was the job of women in wandering tribes.

2. Franklin was the first to develop a new theory of electricity.

3. To earn more profit the firm has to vary its technology.

4. There is only one signal to be detected.

Задание 6

Прочитайте, перепишите и письменно переведите текст.

Heat

Heat is a form of energy. It does not take up any space. It does not weigh anything. It can be used to do work when we see an automobile speeding down a road, we can be sure that it is being driven by the heat of burning gasoline.

There are many ways of producing heat. Fire, friction and electricity are three of them. All the ways of producing heat, however, would not keep the Earth warm enough for us to live on it if it were not for the Sun. The Sun has given the earth heat for millions of years.

Heat travels much better through metals. They are good conductors of heat. Wool, asbestos and air are three of the many poor conductors of heat. We use poor conductors to shut heat in or shut it out.

Most substances expand or get bigger when they are heated. Heat brings about many other changes in materials. Heating some solid substances make them melt. Heating liquids make them change to a vapour or gas.

Cold means absence of heat. We can cool something only by making heat travel out of it. In a refrigerator we do not put cold into the food. We take heat out. Knowing how heat can be produced, how it travels, and what kinds of changes it brings about is important for all of us.

Very long ago people came to the idea of heating their homes. The idea of heating with fire is not new. Thousands of years ago the cave- men used fire for heating. The Romans worked out a way of heating all the rooms in their houses with one fire. The fire was built in a room called the antrium. “Antrium” means “black room”. It got its name from the soot that coated its walls. From this room hot air was carried through pipes to the rest of the house. Heating all the rooms of a building from one source of heat is called central heating.