24 Passive voice. The formation of the Passive Voice
Indefinite Tense.
to be + participle 2 Present am к asked (его спрашивают)
as
are ' ]/ spoken (о нем говорят)
Past
was
were
asked (его спрашивали) spoken (о нём говорили)
Future will be asked (о нём будут говорить) Spoken (его спросят)
Continuous Tense.
to be + being + Participle 2 Present am к asked (его сейчас спрашивают)
is
being
are v spoken (о нем сейчас говорят)
Past
was
being
were spoken (о нём в то время говорили)
Future - use Future Indefinite Passive.
Perfect Tense.
to have + been + Participle 2
Present have f\ asked (его уже спросили)
been
has V spoken (о нём уже поговорили)
Past had been asked (его к тому времени уже спросили)
spoken (о нём к тому времени уже поговорили)
Future will have been asked(ero к этому времени уже спросят)
Spoken(o нём к этому времени уже поговорят)
Examples;
A lot of rice is eaten in Asia. These houses were built about 25 years ago. Our class will be taught by another teacher next year.
The little girl has been ill & the doctor says she mustn't go to school, so she is being taught at home. I couldnt use my car last week, it was being repaired. This room hasnt been sw<;pt for 2 weeks. By the 2005 many actresses who are famous today will have been forgotten. Note;
The film was much spoken about О фильме много говорят.
The doctor was sent for. За доктором послали.
He is often laughed at. Над ним часто смеются.
Структура предложения в Passive
Active: S ^ О
субъект объект
Passive: О "^ „
объект
субъект
О-Кого? Что? Кому? Чему?
e.g. The house was built by my grandfather. It was destroyed by fire.
The room was filled with smoke. The wood can be cut with a knife.
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1. Exercise;
Подставьте недостающий вспомогательный глагол:
I. The telegram sent at five o'clock yesterday.
2.The shops opened at 8 in the morning.
3 . A lot of houses been built in our town this year.
4.His parents been married 5 years when he was bom.
5 .All his documents lost during the war.
6.Close the door, please, little Jane being washed.
7.His speech is translated for the foreign guests now.
8.This museum closed next summer.
9.How long has this stadium built?
10. The construction of the bridge been finished before winter comes.
I1. He couldnt do anything when he knew he being watched.
2. Exercise;
Поставьте предложения в Passive Voice где это возможно:
1 .Someone will drive you to the airport
2.The Egyptians built pyramids. 3 .They arrived at 7 last night 4.They informed me aboutit. 5.1 slept H8.
6 He is late again. 7. It's raining.
8.They have sold their car to pay the debts.
9.They hold a meeting in the village hall once a week
1 O.They owe alot ofmoney to the bank.
3. Exercise:
Задайте вопрос, указанный в скобках:
Such books are sold in special shops. (In what shops?)
Everybody has been sent an invitation. (What)
3 .His speech was being listened to with great interest. (How)
A lot of experiments are being made by them in the laboratory. (Where)
These products were being sold in the shop all year round. (When)
The picture was spoilt by fire. (How)
Such questions are often raised by students. (Whom)
The new film was being demonstrated in that cinema the whole week. (What cinema)
The money will be spent on food, (on what)
10. A four-day holiday has been promised to me by my chief, (to whom)
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EXERCISES FOR TRAINING.
Exercise I.
Составьте предложение в Passive Voice.
l.(a sound of violin/hear/in the hall)
2.(he, praise/his father/work hard)
3 . ( Bob/ look for/his brother)
4.(I/wake up/at 7/my mother)
5.(The envelope/find/on my desk)
6.(This book/buy/a week ago)
7.(The picture/paint/great artist)
8.(The window/break/the other day)
9.(The letter/post/tomorrow)
10.(Your report/discuss/next week)
1 l.(The time-table/change/in a week)
12.(We/meet/at the station/Tom)
13.(The letter/bring/recently)
14. (milk/spill/just/Jack)
15.(This cup/break/my little brother)
16.(The lecturer/ask/question/about Dryzer)
17.(I/lend/this book/last Tuesday)
18.(his lecture/listen to/with great interest)
19.(The doctor/send for)
20.(this article/refer to/often)
Exercise II.
Откройте скобки, используя соответствующую форму глагола в Passive Voice:
l.Dictionares not(use) at the exam.
2.I'm not wearing my black shoes today they(mend).
3.The damaged buildings (reconstruct) now, the reconstruction (finish) by the end
. of the year.
4.The paintings (exhibit) till the end of the month.
5.Normally this street (sweep) every day, but it (not sweep) yesterday.
6.She is very selfish, she (spoil) by her parents.
7.This purse (leave) in a classroom yesterday, it (find) by the cleaner.
8.The children are very excited this morning. They (take) to the circus this
afternon. 9.You can't come in. She (to interview) for the TV.
I O.You can't use the office at the moment, it (redecorate).
I1 .The house (lock up) before they set off.
12.The place looked wonderful. Everything (prepare) for the ball.
13.Evidently the tea (sweeten) before I put sugar into it.
14.This book (write) many years ago, but it still (read) with great interest.
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15. This museum (visit) by thousands people every year.
16.1 didn't knowtetheletter(lose).
17. All tiie books from the library (return) by the end of the term.
18.When she entered the classroom, the last student (examine).
19. She had tie feeling uiatshe(watch).
2 0. When my parents were bom, television (not invent) yet!
Exercise III.
Ответьте на вопросы, используя Passive Voice:
1 .When win the secretary mail this letters? (tomorrow).
2.Have you sent a telegram to you parents yet? (already)
3 .What is the pupil drawing? (the picture)
4.Have you bought some bread? (not yet)
5.What do the people usually drink in England? (tea)
6.Where did the mother buy this medicine? (in the pharmacy)
7.How long was the father making this scheme yesterday (5 hours)
8.What answers had she written before the end of the lesson? (to the questions)
9.Who woke you up so early last morning? (my mother)
Whom have you given my book? (my friend)
What are they showing in that hall? (a new method)
Has your brother accepted an invitation to the cocktail party? (already)
Why didn't you come yesterday to Pete's birthday party? (not invite)
What have you lost? (my keys)
What were the children listening to with great interest? (aiairy-tail)
Exercise ГУ.
Откройте скобки, используя правильную форму в Active или Passive Voice:
1.Soon the plane (lose) in the clouds.
2.When the little houses (leave) far behind, he (hurry) along the road.
3 .When he (b e) 23 years old, Paul Morel (send) in a landscape to the winter picture show at
Nottingham Castle.
4.His picture already (admire) greatly & (talk) much about. 5.He is not afraid of difficulties. He never (lose) his head. 6.As he spoke his voice (rise) in excitement. 7.One morning the young postman (come) just as Paul (wash) in
the kitchen.
8.The front door of his,house (unlock) as he (leave) it. 9.MtsFripp(come)to irfoimhertectameralready(serve).
10.His phrase (greet) by a strange laugh from a student who (sit) near Hie wall. 11 .A note (bring) in, addressed to Eleanor, & (put) on the table to await her.
Suddenly Paul (hear) a loud cry that (come) from the front doer.
Not a single voice (raise) against him, everybody was sure he was right. 14.He (leave) his home town in 1970.
The stillness in the room (break) only a clock upon the wall.
When the door (close) old Jolyon (drop) his paper & (stare) long & anxiously in front ofrrim. 17.Finallyhisname(call) & the boy (push) forward to her.
18. It almost (break) her heart to leave the old home.
19. But when autumn (come) the cows (drive) home from the grass. 2 0. At lunch nothing (discuss) but the latest news.
21. She (tap) on the door. John (open) i t.
2 2. Anyone who (want) to visit the country (walk) across the mountain!?, or (carry) by porters.
2 3. The building of the road (finish) a few years ago.
2 4. This road (run) through very beautiful country a lot of which (cover) with thick forest
25 .Look! There's nothing here. Everything (take) away.
Exercise V.
Переведите предложение на русский язык, обращая внимание на Passive Voice:
I. М у bicycle was stolen two weeks ago. 2.He was given a ten days' leave. 3.They were told to wait
4 A beautiful melody was being played'all that night
5. When Tom was young, he was taught 2 languages.
6.The houses are built of stone, brick & wood.
7My brother hadjust been offeredaverygoodjob.
8.As I hadn't been told the exact time of my appointment I was late.
9.HeV&s being listened to in suence as he was speaking about interesting fhini^s.
10. The children are always looked after very carefully.
I1. His pictures were looked at with admiration.
He is spoken about with warmth.
She always feels uncomfortable when she is looked at in such manner.
The engineer was given 2 days to think the matter over.
When we watched TV last night, the people were being killed all the film on the screen.
The new worker will be shown his new working place tomorrow.
By the end of the day I hadn't been given any explanations about my sal ay yet
18. The lecturer was thanked for his discussion.
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Exercise VL
Переведите предложение на английский язык, используя Active и Passive Voice:
I Новая модель была показана на выставке.
2. В библиотеке ему предложили ряд статей на эту тему. 3.Почему вам запретили играть в футбол? 4.Когда вам продиктовали это письмо?
В этот год как раз строилась школа, когда нас перевели в этот район
.Мне много раз повторяли, что мне надо бростъ курить.
7.Дверь открыла пожилая женщина, и Джейн ввели в маленькую гостиную. 8.ЕЙ дадут квартиру в этом доме.
9 После лекции профессору целый час задавали вопросы.
10. Его выбор был всеми одобрен.
I1 .Мне рассказывали о нём уже несколько раз до того, как его мне представили.
Нам прочитали его письмо вслух.
Мальчику купили новое пальто до того, как его приняли в школу.
Детей поведут в театр в воскресенье. 15 .Яблоко разрезано на 4 части.
1 6 . Мне заплатили за перевод статьи сто рублей, и они были потрачены на покупку
новой книги.
17. У него было такое чувство, что за ним кто-то идёт. 18. Что объясняли группе, когда вы присоединились к ним?
9. Его слушали с таким интересом, что никто не заметил, как я вошла
0. У меня украли коллекцию марок, поэтому со мной беседовали в полиции целый час.