- •II. The italicized words in the following jokes and extracts are formed by derivation. Write them out in two columns:
- •Voluminously
- •VI. Deduce the meanings of the following derivatives from the meanings of their constituents. Explain your deduction. What are the meanings of the affixes in the words under examination?
- •VII. In the following examples the italicized words are formed from the same root by means of different affixes. Translate these derivatives into Russian and explain the Difference in meaning.
- •XIII. Read the following joke, explain the type of word-building in the italicized words and say everything you can about the way they were made.
Voluminously
-ous - non-productive
a suffix forming adjectives that have the general sense “possessing, full of” a given quality (covetous; glorious; nervous; wondrous ); -ous, and its variant -ious, have often been used toAnglicize Latin adjectives with terminations that cannot be directly adapted into English ( atrocious;contiguous; garrulous; obvious; stupendous ). As an adjective-forming suffix of neutral value, itregularly Anglicizes Greek and Latin adjectives derived without suffix from nouns and verbs; manysuch formations are productive combining forms in English, sometimes with a corresponding nominalcombining form that has no suffix; Compare -fer, -ferous; -phore, -phorous; -pter, -pterous; -vore, -vorous.
a suffix forming adjectival correspondents to the names of chemical elements; specialized, inopposition to like adjectives ending in -ic, to mean the lower of two possible valences ( stannouschloride, SnCl 2 , and stannic chloride SnCl 4 ).
-ly –non- productive
brilliant – выдвющийся
-ant - productive
a suffix forming adjectives and nouns from verbs, occurring originally in French and Latin loanwords (pleasant; constant; servant ) and productive in English on this model; -ant, has the general sense“characterized by or serving in the capacity of” that named by the stem ( ascendant; pretendant ), especially in the formation of nouns denoting human agents in legal actions or other formal procedures (tenant; defendant; applicant; contestant ). In technical and commercial coinages, -ant, is a suffix of nounsdenoting impersonal physical agents ( propellant; lubricant; deodorant ). In general, -ant, can be addedonly to bases of Latin origin, with a very few exceptions, as coolant .
Youths – млодые люди
??? -th - non-productive
-s - productive
mostly
-ly – non-productive
novelists – романисты
-ist a suffix of nouns, often corresponding to verbs ending in -ize or nouns ending in -ism, that denote a person who practices or is concerned with something, or holds certain principles, doctrines, etc.: apologist;dramatist; machinist; novelist; realist; socialist; Thomist.
-s - productive
Алина С.: 6
VI. Deduce the meanings of the following derivatives from the meanings of their constituents. Explain your deduction. What are the meanings of the affixes in the words under examination?
Reddish ad]-insufficiency of quality= red but not quite красноватый
overwrite, v.; переписать, написать слишком много 1: to write over the surface of 2: to write in inflated or overly elaborate style, prefix over means beyond some quantity, limit, or norm
irregular, adj.; prefix ir means negation1) lacking perfect symmetry of form 2)lacking continuity or regularity of occurrence, activity, or function 3)failing to occur at regular or normal intervals нерегулярный, неправильный
illegals adj.; prefix il means negation, незаконный,
retype, v.; means repetition перепечатать
old-womanish, adj.;- resembling or befitting an old woman- старушечий; суетливый; беспокоящийся по пустякам
disrespectable, adj.;negation неуважительный, suffix able means ability to certain action=worthy of respect
inexpensive, adj.; prefix in means negation
unladylike, adj.; prefix un means “do the opposite of : reverse (a specified action)”, suffix like means “resembling a lady in appearance or manners” or “becoming or suitable to a lady” несвойственный
disorganize, v.;to destroy or interrupt the orderly structure or function of, prefix dis means contrary
renew, u.; means repetition-Обновить
eatable, adj.; (fit or good to eat) съедобный
overdress, u.; prefix over means beyond some quantity, limit, or norm- одеться слишком нарядно
disinfection, п.; negation and contrary
snobbish, adj.;suffix -ish means “being, characteristic of, or befitting a snob” чванливый, пафосный
handful, п.; горсть, пригоршня prefix ful means full of
tallish, adj.; rather tall, but not quite, i. e. approaching the quality of big size достаточно высокий
sandy, adj.; suffix y 1) consisting of or containing sand : full of sand 2) sprinkled with sand 3) of the color sand песочный
breakable, adj.;ломкий, хрупкий (capable of being broken)
underfed, adj.:prefix under means “below or short of some quantity, level, or limit” ( to feed with too little food) недокормленный
Евгения Д.: 7 (предложения 1-5)